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- Transferência de tecnologia e inovação: Da academia para o mercadoPublication . Malça, Cândida; Araújo, Inês; Moita, Fernando; Capitão, Moita
- The Usefulness of Direct Digital Manufacturing for Biomedical ApplicationsPublication . Morouço, Pedro G.There is no doubt that massive customization of products and services is, nowadays, a regular trend over massive production, ultimately aimingat massive tailored production. Economies and societies are aiming at a merge between the natural, the built and the digital environments. The requirements of this shift have led to an enhanced approach to increase manufacturing sustainability, thus encouraging a straightforward approach to processes and products.1 More than 30 years ago, this was called Rapid Prototyping (RP) or Rapid Manufacturing (RM). However, currently, there have been significant efforts to develop not only prototypes, but also final (and optimized) products. Therefore, the term Direct Digital Manufacturing (DDM) emerged as the technology to, as the term states, directly convert computer models to physical parts.
- Pathology of Stone Masonry Buildings: A Case Study at the Batalha MonasteryPublication . Gaspar, Florindo; Rodrigues, Hugo; Zhgun, AnnaThe Batalha Monastery is not only historical, but also an architectural and construction masterpiece of Portugal and has been listed on the Unesco World Heritage list. The quality of a monument varies depending on the construction techniques, the architecture and the materials used, as well as the interventions and conservation actions taken over the years. All these factors are decisive for the durability and state ofconservation. A visual survey of the facade pathologies of the Chapel of the Monastery of Batalha was made. The main construction materials of the monastery have been subjected to significant changes over the years. Moreover, with the growing amount of pollution in the environment and the rate of deterioration is increasing significantly.
- Experimental study on 3D printing of concrete with overhangsPublication . Brun, Francis; Gaspar, Florindo; Mateus, Artur; Vitorino, João; Diz, FranciscoThe construction industry has been receiving in the recent past years the 3D printing technology as an emerging technology. Several researchers and companies have been reporting a number of case studies that show the possibilities of this technology regarding the dimensions, shape, building time, finishing and the material characteristics. It is commonly accepted that one of the big advantages of 3D printing is its possibility regarding the shape of the printed object since it can be easily changed each time a new piece is printed. This possibility raises some challenges regarding the printing limits, that are needed to the project design, such as to create overhangs. In this sense, a work was carried out to evaluate and optimize concrete printing mixtures and assess the 3D concrete printing of elements with overhangs. This paper presents the work carried out, showing the optimization of mixture composition for the binder/aggregate ratio, cement/fly ash ratio, and amount of superplasticizer and hardening accelerator, and evaluating their printing performance and mechanical properties. Printing of overhangs was possible for angles with the vertical direction till 17.5º.
- Digital Era: How marketing communication develops business innovation: Case studiesPublication . Vitorino, Liliana Coutinho; Lisboa, Ana; Antunes, Raquel J.The explosive growth of new media and the multiple and diverse means of communications are changing consumers and brands. Digitalisation is a growing reality. As per April 2019, there were 4.437 billion internet users (around 58% of the worldwide population) and 3.499 billion active social media users. Not only is the setting changing, but also consumers' profiles and roles. Researchers have identified some emerging trends that are leading firms to change the way they communicate to consumers and develop new and innovative businesses. In this chapter, the authors present a general perspective of marketing communication and how it will affect business innovation, discuss the existing paradigm shift in marketing communication, and introduce a case study which applies some of the more recent techniques.
- Building insulation materials based on agricultural wastesPublication . Gaspar, Florindo; Bakatovich, Aliaksandr; Davydenko, Nadezhda; Joshi, ArpanEcological insulation materials of vegetable raw materials are increasingly widespread. The agricultural wastes can have an interesting role because their use allows the revaluation of agricultural wastes, whose disposal is a serious issue. This chapter gives an overview about the use of agricultural wastes on insulating materials. The source and characteristics of various types of wastes are described. The manufacturing processes considering the types of binders, including the main parameters involved, are explained. An overview is given about the properties of the insulation materials, including thermal conductibility, density, mechanical strength , hygroscopic behavior, acoustic and fire performances, and environmental performance. Suggestions regarding the future research needs are also presented.
- Entrepreneurial Orientation and Dynamic CapabilitiesPublication . Coelho, Ana Sofia; Lisboa, Ana; Pinho, José Carlos M. R.Currently, small and medium enterprises that are family businesses (SMEFs) assume an important role in the global economy. Further, innovation and flexibility became vital to firms’ survival and prosperity in the market during these volatile times. Firms should not only possess critical resources, but also be able to recombine them. Characterized by resource restrictions, SMEFs can rely on dynamic capabilities to access resources and be competitive in the market. In this regard, networking capabilities (NC) and resource combinations (RC) such as exploitative and explorative product development and on market-related capabilities emerge as key dynamic capabilities. This chapter examines the role of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) on NC and RC. Using a qualitative method of in-depth case study, the chapter analyzes 12 Portuguese SMEFs.
- Leadership and Organization Innovation AdoptionPublication . Ferreira, Vítor Hugo Santos; Miranda, HenriqueInnovation is a tool to ensure competitiveness. Firm survival is inexorably linked to its ability to reinvent itself, obviously apart from other circumstances. Organizational innovation and its adoption are key concepts that are rarely studied. Little is known about factors related to decisions to adopt innovations and how the likelihood of adoption of innovations can be increased. This chapter aims to answer the question: what are the determinants of the adoption of organizational innovation? In this sense, this chapter aims to identify some of the organizational factors which have the capacity to influence organizational innovation in a specific case study, an innovative Portuguese company. This chapter addresses the personal dimension of the leader as a driver of organizational innovation processes. This chapter finds that, in the case study, the culture of the company which itself is driven by the CEO is fundamental for innovation and the adoption of organizational innovations.
- Natural polymers for bone repairPublication . Rodríguez, GB Ramírez; Patrício, TMF; López, JM DelgadoThe substitution of tissues due to tumors, pathologies, or traumatic accidents is well known, and different surgical branches perform these kinds of surgeries on a daily basis with relative ease. The substitution of bone tissue is especially relevant as it contributes to the structural stability of the body. Bone tissue is composed of an organic matrix, a mineral component, and water in approximately similar volumes. The combination of these elements forms a composite material with different hierarchical levels in its microstructure. The reproduction of this highly hierarchical structure is still not possible. Historically, articular prostheses have been made of metallic materials due to the high mechanical tensions that they suffer once implanted, as well as good fatigue resistance and tenacity. Lately, the use of polymeric materials has attracted a great deal of attention. On the other hand, the choice of a material for the filling of bone defects or bone cavities is greater, ranging from biodegradable polymers to calcium phosphate cements and ceramics. The role of polymers in bone substitution is relevant but limited to a few applications, such as articulating bearing surfaces of joint replacements, both hip and knee, and as interpositional cementing material between the implant surface and the bone. In the first application, the ultimate choice is ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, and in the second application the most used polymer is poly(methyl methacrylate). The use of biodegradable polymers has grown significantly in applications dealing with support structures needed for normal movements of articulating joints. In this chapter, the most used polymers in orthopedic applications will be described. Special emphasis will be given to their physical and chemical properties.
- Root Canal Anatomy of Maxillary and Mandibular TeethPublication . Versiani, Marco A.; Pereira, Mário Rito; Pécora, Jesus D.; Sousa-Neto, Manoel D.It is a common knowledge that a comprehensive understanding of the complexity of the internal anatomy of teeth is imperative to ensure successful root canal treatment. The significance of canal anatomy has been emphasized by studies demonstrating that variations in canal geometry before cleaning, shaping, and obturation procedures had a greater effect on the outcome than the techniques themselves. In recent years, significant technological advances for imaging teeth, such as CBCT and micro-CT, respectively, have been introduced. Their noninvasive nature allows to perform in vivo anatomical studies using large populations to address the influence of several variables such as ethnicity, aging, gender, and others, on the root canal anatomy, as well as to evaluate, quantitatively and/or qualitatively, specific and fine anatomical features of a tooth group. The purpose of this chapter is to summarize the morphological aspects of the root canal anatomy published in the literature of all groups of teeth and illustrate with three-dimensional images acquired from micro-CT technology.