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- The relationship between involvement, destination emotions and place attachment in the Porto wine cellarsPublication . Santos, Vasco Ribeiro; Ramos, Paulo; Almeida, NunoPurpose – This paper aims to measure the role of involvement, destination emotions and place attachment in the behavioural intentions of wine tourists when visiting Porto wine cellars. Design/methodology/approach – An interceptive survey was conducted with wine tourists during their visits to four Porto wine cellars. A convenience sample of 918 international visitors was obtained. A structural equation model using partial least squares analysis was used to test the hypothesis and the validity of the constructs and model. Findings – The structural model results indicated that wine tourists’ personal involvement and their wine involvement have a significant and direct influence on destination emotions and place attachment in Porto wine cellars during the visits, which determines their future behavioural intentions. Research limitations/implications – The generalizability of the results may be limited owing to the sample and the data collection method and the short time frame of the data gathering. Practical implications – There is a growing potential for researchers and managers to achieve benefits from the proposed model that will support the efforts for wine tourism theory and practice, such as brand positioning strategies and formulation of sharper marketing strategies. Originality/value – This is the first study to demonstrate the combined use of personal and wine involvement on destination emotions along with place attachment in a wine tourist behaviour context. This approach extends the scope into a wine tourism context because the combination of these three constructs has never been held in the area of wine tourism destinations.
- The ECSI model in higher education in tourism: A segmentation analysis in the Portuguese casePublication . Eurico, Sofia; Pinto, Patrícia; Silva, João Albino; Marques, CatarinaThis research explores the European Consumer Satisfaction Index model applied to higher education in tourism by including the construct of employability and by accounting for unobserved heterogeneity. In particular, it intends to identify segments of higher education institutions' (HEI) consumers based on the structural model estimates of the European Consumer Satisfaction Index (ECSI), enlarged with the employability construct. A model-based segmentation approach using FIMIX in PLS path modelling is used. The ECSI is properly adjusted to the educational framework and shows its effectiveness when assessing students' satisfaction regarding the attended HEI. Two distinctive graduate segments are identified using a sample of 166 HEI consumers. The results confirm the assumption of heterogeneity as the relationships differ across segments and the need for HEIs to target those segments differently in such a competitive context. © 2018 Institute for Tourism. All rights reserved.
- Main challenges, trends and opportunities for wine tourism in PortugalPublication . Ramos, Paulo; Santos, Vasco Ribeiro; CASTANHEIRA ALMEIDA, NUNO MIGUELPurpose – This paper aims to define the boundaries of wine tourism to identify the main challenges, trends and opportunities of wine tourism in Portugal, providing some critical recommendations for those operating in this sector. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on a literature review and content analysis of prior and ongoing work. Findings – The main challenges, trends and opportunities for the wine tourism industry in Portugal are identified, as well as suggestions and practical recommendations/contributions for managers, stakeholders, players and marketers. The paper concludes with some key points that could form the basis of a strategic agenda for future action. Originality/value – Based on the reviewed literature, some benchmarks for the wine tourism industry in Portugal were developed.
- POLÍTICAS LOCAIS E IMPACTOS NA CONCEÇÃO DA EXPERIÊNCIA TURÍSTICA EM ESPAÇOS URBANOS – OS CASOS DO BAIRRO ALTO E DA MOURARIA, LISBOAPublication . Xavier, António José Tavares da Costa; Almeida, António Sérgio Araújo deA reabilitação urbana do património arquitetónico e monumental em bairros históricos tende a propiciar a disputa na utilização/apropriação dos “novos” espaços daí resultantes, não só por novos moradores, normalmente de classes sociais mais abastadas, mas também por novos comerciantes, mais especializados em contextos empresariais. Surgem, assim, novos espaços de residência, lazer, entretenimento e cultura, entre outros. Apurar contributos locais para que bairros típicos proporcionassem experiências locais e turísticas diferenciadas na perspetiva da fidedignidade às origens foi um dos grandes objetivos deste trabalho. Paradoxalmente, conforme observado na cidade de Lisboa e após uma investigação realizada em 2014 e 2015, a mesma governação local de reabilitação urbana suscita ambivalências a vários níveis. Por um lado, promovendo identidades e valores que caracterizam objetivamente a Tradição e a História num regime de reciprocidade com os habitantes locais, e, por outro lado, transformando espaços onde os valores culturais se assumem numa função comercial sem correspondência nas expectativas das gentes locais nem coerência com a autenticidade (resultante dos valores identitários) dos respetivos espaços. Enquanto no Bairro Alto permitiuse aos investidores a decisão na apropriação e utilização do espaço, na Mouraria, registou-se um processo de governação integrada com a mobilização da população residente e forças ativas do bairro. No primeiro caso, surgiram conflitos entre novos e velhos utilizadores do bairro, assumindo-se a oferta turística como espaço de animação noturna centrada num espaço público de boémia, no consumo de álcool e num ambiente de festa permanente No segundo caso, geraram-se sinergias propiciadoras de uma reabilitação urbana defensora da mobilização das estruturas identitárias do bairro, promovendo estilos de vida tradicionais e resgatando o seu imaginário coletivo assente nos seus próprios sistemas de valores. Na Mouraria, observa-se um Turismo comunitário, envolvendo gentes locais, que, apropriando-se do seu espaço turístico, o projetam no pressuposto de consubstanciar objetivamente o seu património numa experiência turística diferenciada.
- Bibliometric Analysis of Key Variables in Tourism: Destination, Competitiveness, Image, Quality, and Tourist Satisfaction (2000–2023)Publication . Pereira, José Marques; Almeida, Paulo; Almeida, Giovana Goretti FeijóIn the scientific literature on tourism, a set of variables is frequently utilized. The objective of this study is to analyze the scenario of scientific publications on these variables between 2000 and 2023. This analysis employs a bibliometric approach, utilizing data collected from the Scopus database. The bibliometric method was employed, with a focus on five variables (tourism destination, competitiveness, image, quality, and satisfaction) and five indicators (author, year, country, journal, and affiliation) essential for mapping research patterns and identifying key trends in the field of tourism. The findings demonstrate that the five variables under examination are inherently interrelated. The image of the destination is of particular importance, as it influences the quality of life of residents and the experiences of tourists, which in turn affects the competitiveness of the destination. The results also demonstrate the multidimensional nature of these variables in shaping tourism destination dynamics. This study underscores the value of bibliometric analysis as a strategic tool for synthesizing and deepening tourism literature. The findings not only highlight the primary research contributions and trends but also identify gaps and opportunities for future research, thereby promoting continuous advancement in tourism knowledge and best practices.
- Employer Branding Applied to SMEs: A Pioneering Model Proposal for Attracting and Retaining TalentPublication . Monteiro, Beatriz; Santos, Vasco; Reis, Isabel; Sampaio, Marta Correia; Sousa, Bruno; Martinho, Filipa; Sousa, Maria José; Au-Yong-Oliveira, ManuelMost business enterprises are small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and many of them are without a human resource and recruitment department. Thus, one of the challenges that organizations currently face is to find a strategy to retain and attract talent. To overcome this difficulty, enterprises must invest in employer branding policies and be aware of the factors that differentiate them from others when attracting employees. This study aims to develop an employer branding model applicable to SMEs, to increase and enhance the attraction and retention of talents. An exploratory approach based on a quantitative perspective was adopted to develop an employer branding model applied to SMEs, with two major reference employer branding models and frameworks used as the main support. The model of employer branding was applied to SMEs regarding four dimensions, whereby essential questions are asked, namely (1) organizational culture (e.g., do employees have a job description aligned with the corporate culture?), (2) company strategy (e.g., what is the strategy if business volume decreases?), (3) company reputation (e.g., how do you perceive and treat negative feedback?), and (4) reward systems (e.g., do you feel that your employees are motivated intrinsically or extrinsically or both?), ordered by layers based on a logical sequence. The new proposed model is expected to serve as a useful strategic tool and as a basis for attracting, retaining and managing talent, specifically in the SMEs context. This new model provides a set of strategic and competitiveness benefits for SMEs, while contributing to making enterprises more profitable. The model also contributes to SMEs having a better image and reputation, enabling them to stand out from others in the war for talent.
- Strategic Talent Management: The Impact of Employer Branding on the Affective Commitment of EmployeesPublication . Alves, Patrícia; Santos, Vasco; Reis, Isabel; Martinho, Filipa; Martinho, Domingos; Sampaio, Marta Correia; Sousa, Maria José; Au-Yong-Oliveira, ManuelIn a globalization context, underlined by the speed of technological transformation and increasingly competitive markets, the perspective of human capital, as an asset of strategic importance, stands out in differentiating human resource practices. Under this reality, the employer branding (EB) concept gains more and more importance as a strategic tool to attract, retain, and involve human capital, given that this has become a source of competitive advantage to companies. Within this context, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between employer branding strategies implemented by organizations, as well as their impact on the employee’s affective commitment, evident in certain organizational cultures, which are sustained over time. The methodological framework applied to this study is quantitative, and the data collection was carried out with the application of an employer branding and an affective commitment questionnaire. To achieve a good representation of the active population, the sample of the quantitative study was composed of 172 individuals, working in the public and private sectors in Portugal, exercising different positions in the different sectors of activity. Results obtained with these techniques indicate a high level of affective organizational commitment (AOC) of employees in the organizations surveyed, suggesting that affective commitment develops when the individual becomes involved and identifies with the organization.
- Discovering the Dynamics and Impact of Motorcycle Tourism: Insights into Rural Events, Cultural Interaction, and SustainabilityPublication . Monteiro, Anabela; Lopes, Sofia; Carmo, Manuel DoThis study explores the dynamics of motorcycle tourism in rural areas and its potential contribution to sustainable and regenerative development. A bibliometric analysis of management-related publications was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection, focusing on topics such as tourism, motivation, rurality, and motorcycling. VOSviewer software (version 1.6.20) was employed to support this analysis. Based on the literature, a theoretical framework was developed, leading to four research hypotheses that aimed to empirically examine the relationships between cultural motivation, community interaction, type of accommodation, event location, and tourist behaviour. To test these hypotheses, structured questionnaires were distributed in person during rural motorcycling events in Portugal, yielding a valid sample of 233 respondents. The data were analysed using SPSS 28 software via statistical methods to reduce dimensionality and identify latent structures, chi-square tests, and logistic regression. The results confirmed all four hypotheses, highlighting the importance of cultural motivation for return intentions, community interaction for perceived authenticity, accommodation type for destination recommendations, and event location for overall satisfaction. The study also identifies gender-related differences and reinforces the value of immersive, co-created experiences in enhancing the competitiveness of rural destinations. This theoretical contribution supports the advancement of motorcycle tourism as a sustainable niche while offering practical guidance for inclusive and regenerative tourism planning.
- The Impact of Geographical Factors on the Banking Sector in El SalvadorPublication . Hansen, Anders Lundvig; Lima Santos, LuísThis study explores how geographical factors shape El Salvador’s banking sector, particularly focusing on regional disparities, urbanization, and vulnerability to natural disasters affecting access to financial services. By employing a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative data and qualitative interviews, the research analyzes how these geographical challenges impact financial inclusion and banking development. Data from the Central Reserve Bank of El Salvador and financial institutions is examined alongside Geographic Information Systems (GISs) to illustrate the spatial distribution of banking services. Interviews with stakeholders, including bank representatives and clients from urban and rural areas, reveal a significant urban–rural divide, with approximately 75% of bank branches and 80% of ATMs situated in urban centers, particularly in San Salvador. Rural areas face limited access to formal banking due to challenging topography and inadequate infrastructure, leading to increased financial exclusion and reliance on informal systems. Natural disasters further disrupt banking infrastructure and heighten the need for emergency loans. While urbanization has spurred financial growth, it has also resulted in informal settlements with restricted access to formal services. As its main contribution, this study provides one of the first in-depth, geographically grounded analyses of financial exclusion in El Salvador, offering original insights into how spatial inequalities and disaster vulnerability intersect to shape banking access and economic participation. The study calls for a more inclusive banking sector, recommending mobile and digital banking expansion, agent banking in underserved areas, and improved disaster risk management to enhance economic participation across all regions.
- Sustainable Tourism Marketing Through Destination Image: An AHP Approach for UNESCO Creative Cities in Gastronomy—The Case of Popayán, ColombiaPublication . Moreira, Pablo Henrique de Oliveira; Fraga, Carla; Lavandoski, Joice; Almeida, Paulo; Cardoso, LucíliaPopayán (Colombia) was the first city to be designated a UNESCO Creative City of Gastronomy in 2005, positioning itself as a symbolic ‘myth of origin’ within the network. In the context of growing demands for local strategies aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it is pertinent to understand how founding cities manage and project their image through sustainable tourism marketing. Almost two decades later, this study examines how Popayán communicates and sustains its image within the UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN), guided by sustainable tourism marketing principles. Methodologically, the study adopts an exploratory and descriptive case study approach, based on documentary analysis of institutional sources and the application of the adapted Analytic Hierarchy Process Image—UNESCO Creative City Gastronomy (AHPI-UCCG) model. The results provided the following: (1) a multidimensional analysis of Popayán’s image in the context of sustainable marketing; (2) an assessment of how the city’s image responds to current branding challenges, using the adapted AHPI-UCCG model; and (3) a proposal for a context-sensitive investment agenda aligned with sustainability objectives. These results support the development of a personalised strategy for Popayán and demonstrate the potential of this approach to inform analyses of other Creative Cities of Gastronomy, while recognising the unique symbolic role of Popayán as the foundational case.