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- Tourism towards Sustainability and Innovation: A Systematic Literature ReviewPublication . Santos, Vasco; Sousa, Maria José; Costa, Carlos; Au-Yong-Oliveira, ManuelIn this paper, we analyze the progress of tourism towards sustainability and innovation through a systematic literature review summarizing the last five years of research strictly focused on innovation and sustainability applied to tourism. This research comprises a range of theories, practices, methods, and results pursuing innovation and sustainability across different levels, stages, and drivers, and in many tourism contexts. Wide, in-depth, and structured analysis, evaluation, and examination (using the PRISMA and VOSviewer tools) of a final sample of 50 scholarly papers from 27 journals, published between 2017 and the first quarter of 2021, were undertaken. Current publications emphasize qualitative, quantitative, and mixed research methods, as well as statistical and econometric methods, such as descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. This study categorizes the four major topics identified, sustainability, innovation, sustainable development, and sustainable tourism, which comprised the contextual dimensions and relevant stages of the subject areas examined. This systematic literature review highlights advances and the significantly increasing overall number of papers over recent years. Currently, sustainability is in a more advanced state compared to innovation. The outcomes highlight that the indicators of sustainability and innovation still need further analysis within the tourism context. However, more concrete process indicators are needed for continuous improvement of the front-end of innovation and sustainable tourism. The results help in better understanding the sustainability and innovation process as applied to tourism. In particular, this study explores further direct linkages between sustainability and innovation and tourism, discussing and providing new future directions aligned with the closing remarks as well as a strategic agenda for future action post-COVID-19.
- Destination Brand Experience: A Study Case in Touristic Context of the Peneda-Gerês National ParkPublication . Martins, Hugo; Carvalho, Paulo; Almeida, NunoBased on the scientific literature, this paper emphasises the destination brand experience (DBE) (multidimensional construct and second-order factor) in order to analyse the implications it plays regarding visitors’ satisfaction, their intentions to revisit and their intentions to recommend it. In terms of methodology, a confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the model and the research hypotheses. The sample was composed of 507 tourists who visited the Peneda-Gerês National Park in Northern Portugal. Results showed an acceptable fit. The items of each construct were very strong. Positive significant results were found for all the considered hypotheses, particularly regarding the association of sensory DBE and behavioural DBE (subdimensions of the DBE scale) with satisfaction. The sensory DBE and affective DBE subdimensions of the DBE scale were meaningfully associated with visitors’ intentions to recommend. Satisfaction was a strong mediator for sensory DBE impact on their intention to revisit and to recommend, and a less strong effect was found for satisfaction as a mediator for behavioural DBE impact on intentions to revisit and to recommend. The theoretical contribution of this study aimed to deepen the analysis of the DBE construct in its multidimensional aspect and its relationship with other constructs. The results are discussed in relation to their theoretical and practical relevance.
- Socio-Psychological Functions of Men and Women Triathlon ParticipationPublication . Poczta, Joanna; Almeida, Nuno; Malchrowicz-Mośko, EwaMotivations to run marathons have been recognised by many researchers, but few have paid attention to triathletes. Mass triathlon participation is a new trend, which manifests itself as a human need to invoke strong emotions and seek them in difficult sports, as well as to travel to participate in such events. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to recognise the motivations to participate in triathlons among men and women respondents, and to evaluate the differences between them. The empirical research among triathletes (n = 1141) recognised the motives for participation in mass triathlon sporting events in accordance with four types of orientation: social, experience, factual, and result. Most important conclusions resulting from the conducted research indicate that women significantly more often dis-played the will to feel unity and integration, as well as the desire to gain recognition in the eyes of others, as compared to men. For men, the desire to feel equal was significantly more important than for women. Both men and women indicated the desire to maintain good physical condition and health, which turned out to be a significant factor. For men, Group B—specifying the experience orientation, was deemed the most important, while for women the most important group of motives was Group D—specifying the result orientation.
- Towards Internationalization: Exploring Economic Diplomacy in the Middle East (GCC)Publication . Pontes, Daniel; Santos, Vasco; Samões, Orlando; Wang, Shuangao; Figueiredo, RonnieInternationalization is a crucial process for companies seeking growth and expansion in foreign markets, especially in the Middle East, where economies have been developing and diversifying business opportunities, seeing it as an attractive destination to expand their operations. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the internationalization process of economic diplomacy by exploring the experiences of renowned Portuguese companies within the Gulf Cooperation Council. The Gulf Cooperation Council countries are integral players in the Middle East market, characterized as rentier states that are heavily reliant on oil and gas revenues and possess varying levels of economic and military strength, with Saudi Arabia and the UAE being the most prominent. The focus group method was applied in the qualitative research. It contributes to reinforcing the literature on internationalization processes, economic diplomacy, and the Middle East market. The findings provide valuable guidance to Portuguese companies, policymakers, and economic diplomats involved in promoting and facilitating international trade and investment.
- Tourism as a tool of community development: an ecotourism project in Cantanhez, Guinea-BissauPublication . Oliveira, F.; Silva, F.In recent decades the scientific community and various international organizations have provided a range of guidelines towards the development of more sustainable tourism. The responsible use of natural and cultural resources and the participation of local communities - with the involvement of the different actors in the development process - are inseparable aspects of sustainability's concept. However, when we try to put it into practice it appears that this is a very slow process, with many aspects that must be considered, especially in the case of underdeveloped regions. This paper focuses precisely on one of these regions - Cantanhez National Park, Guinea Bissau. This region has natural and cultural resources that are real treasures, which enhance the environmental and green forms of tourism; however, the structural problems of the country can be a real challenge to any type of initiative. The purpose of this communication is to present the ecotourism project in Cantanhez National Park, identifying the objectives, the first stages of the project implementation, the difficulties arising from the social, economic and political situation of the country and finally, its relevance in promoting community development. The realities that will be shared in this paper resulted from an initial visit to identify the needs of tourism planning, management and training in the communities directly involved.
- Wine and wine tourism experience: a theoretical and conceptual reviewPublication . Santos, Vasco Ribeiro; Ramos, Paulo; Santos-Pavón, Enrique; Almeida, NunoThis paper aims to provide a theoretical and conceptual analysis of wine and wine tourism experiences evidencing the current state of the art and providing some directions for future research. Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides an in-depth literature review and content analysis of prior work. Findings – The experience focussed on wine and wine tourism requires further exploration. The boundaries of the wine and wine tourism experience were identified, together with highlights and strategic agenda for future actions. Originality/value – Based on some key prior literature on the topic of wine and tourism experience, future research
- TOURISM STUDENTS' USE OF AI TOOLS: A PRELIMINARY STUDYPublication . Pires, Ana Luísa; Chagas, Laura; Pais, SóniaThe use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has grown exponentially, especially since the introduction of ChatGPT in 2022. Teachers and students have started to become aware of other tools that allow them to work and study more efficiently. In the case of students, besides the generalised use of chatbots, some examples are useful for content creation, research, image generation, proofreading, productivity and others. In this context, this study aims to identify the main AI tools that students use in their self-study routine. As this is an ongoing study, the preliminary results are presented and the aim is that the final results will make it possible to identify the tools that students use for two specific areas of study, namely Mathematics and English. Therefore, undergraduate tourism students from a Portuguese university are being surveyed about their use of these tools through a quantitative survey. The results are expected to shed light on the knowledge and use of AI Tools, as well as the main features to support studies, thus contributing to the optimisation of teaching practices and autonomous learning.
- The relationship between involvement, destination emotions and place attachment in the Porto wine cellarsPublication . Santos, Vasco Ribeiro; Ramos, Paulo; Almeida, NunoPurpose – This paper aims to measure the role of involvement, destination emotions and place attachment in the behavioural intentions of wine tourists when visiting Porto wine cellars. Design/methodology/approach – An interceptive survey was conducted with wine tourists during their visits to four Porto wine cellars. A convenience sample of 918 international visitors was obtained. A structural equation model using partial least squares analysis was used to test the hypothesis and the validity of the constructs and model. Findings – The structural model results indicated that wine tourists’ personal involvement and their wine involvement have a significant and direct influence on destination emotions and place attachment in Porto wine cellars during the visits, which determines their future behavioural intentions. Research limitations/implications – The generalizability of the results may be limited owing to the sample and the data collection method and the short time frame of the data gathering. Practical implications – There is a growing potential for researchers and managers to achieve benefits from the proposed model that will support the efforts for wine tourism theory and practice, such as brand positioning strategies and formulation of sharper marketing strategies. Originality/value – This is the first study to demonstrate the combined use of personal and wine involvement on destination emotions along with place attachment in a wine tourist behaviour context. This approach extends the scope into a wine tourism context because the combination of these three constructs has never been held in the area of wine tourism destinations.
- The ECSI model in higher education in tourism: A segmentation analysis in the Portuguese casePublication . Eurico, Sofia; Pinto, Patrícia; Silva, João Albino; Marques, CatarinaThis research explores the European Consumer Satisfaction Index model applied to higher education in tourism by including the construct of employability and by accounting for unobserved heterogeneity. In particular, it intends to identify segments of higher education institutions' (HEI) consumers based on the structural model estimates of the European Consumer Satisfaction Index (ECSI), enlarged with the employability construct. A model-based segmentation approach using FIMIX in PLS path modelling is used. The ECSI is properly adjusted to the educational framework and shows its effectiveness when assessing students' satisfaction regarding the attended HEI. Two distinctive graduate segments are identified using a sample of 166 HEI consumers. The results confirm the assumption of heterogeneity as the relationships differ across segments and the need for HEIs to target those segments differently in such a competitive context. © 2018 Institute for Tourism. All rights reserved.
- Main challenges, trends and opportunities for wine tourism in PortugalPublication . Ramos, Paulo; Santos, Vasco Ribeiro; CASTANHEIRA ALMEIDA, NUNO MIGUELPurpose – This paper aims to define the boundaries of wine tourism to identify the main challenges, trends and opportunities of wine tourism in Portugal, providing some critical recommendations for those operating in this sector. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on a literature review and content analysis of prior and ongoing work. Findings – The main challenges, trends and opportunities for the wine tourism industry in Portugal are identified, as well as suggestions and practical recommendations/contributions for managers, stakeholders, players and marketers. The paper concludes with some key points that could form the basis of a strategic agenda for future action. Originality/value – Based on the reviewed literature, some benchmarks for the wine tourism industry in Portugal were developed.