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- Chapter 13. Future Perspectives on ElectrospinningPublication . Mitchell, Geoffrey R.; Sperrin, MalcolmAlthough the origins of electrospinning date back over 100 years, it is intense activity in the last 21 years which has led to considerable improvements in our knowledge of electrospinning and the broad-ranging opportunities for commercial application. The recent development of melt electrospinning provides a new additive manufacturing tool, providing routes to structures from nanometres to millimetres. Here, we consider where this rollercoaster of a topic is heading and its future prospects.
- Seismic behaviour analysis and retrofitting of a row buildingPublication . Barros, R.S.; Costa, A.; Varum, H.; Rodrigues, H.; Lourenço, P.B.; Vasconcelos, G.Rammed earth is one of the oldest building materials in the world, and it is present in Portugal with a particular focus in the South of the country. The mechanical properties and the structural behaviour of rammed earth constructions have been the subject of study of many researchers in the recent years. This study is part of a broader research on vernacular seismic culture in Portugal. Numerical analyses were carried out to assess the influence of different retrofitting solutions in the behaviour and seismic performance of a rammed earth building, representative of the vernacular heritage of Alentejo region. Understating the structural fragilities of this type of constructions allowed determining the most appropriate retrofitting solutions.
- Smart Remote Control Design for SeniorsPublication . Pereira, António; Silva, Fernando; Ribeiro, José; Marcelino, Isabel; Barroso, JoãoTechnology is present in almost all aspects of our modern lives, and technological advances have been more and more prevalent. One would expect this to facilitate everybody’s life, rendering common tasks more practical and easier to perform, but that is often not the case - at least not for the elderly. Older people have significant difficulties in using technological equipment due to the visual, physical, cognitive and hearing limitations associated with the natural aging process; these aspects must be taken into account if the intention is that of integrating technology in the lives of the elderly. In order to improve the quality of life of the elderly, as well as to prevent their social isolation, a mobile device application was developed to act as an intelligent remote control. This mobile application deals with data from two different platforms that were previously developed for improving the quality of life of the senior population: HbbTV and +Social. The features built into this virtual remote control include the integration with the +Social platform, as well as a speech recognition mechanism, and the possibility of making and receiving video calls with an integrated contacts list. A comprehensive study was carried out, focusing on recommendations and rules for graphical interfaces for the elderly, so as to allow equipping the application with adequate usability standards. The most relevant result was the definition of a list of guidelines used to steer the development of the interface. An investigation of mechanisms and technologies for enabling the implementation of the required functionalities was also carried out in order to define methodologies for freeing the user from the need of possessing any level of computer literacy. A series of usability tests was also performed to validate the viability of the remote control application. These tests allowed assessing the quality of the application, especially concerning the Graphical User Interface, as well as to receive feedback from potential end users. Based on the data collected during the test phase we conclude that this product is useful and that it responds to a current need.
- An integrated quantitative framework for supporting product design in the mold sectorPublication . Ferreira, Irene; Cabral, J. A.; Saraiva, P.; Oliveira, M. C.The injection mold is a high precision tool responsible for the production of most plastic parts used everywhere. Its design is considered critically important for the quality of the product and efficient processing, as well as determinant for the economics of the entire injection molding process. However, typically, no formal engineering analysis is carried out during the mold design stage. In fact, traditionally, designers rely on their skills and intuition, following a set of general guidelines. This does not ensure that the final mold design is acceptable or the best option. At the same time, mold makers are now highly pressured to shorten both leading times and cost, as well as to accomplish higher levels of mold performance. For these reasons, it is imperative to adopt new methods and tools that allow for faster and higher integrated mold design. To that end, a new global approach, based on the integration of well-known quantitative techniques, such as Design for Six Sigma (DFSS), Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), Axiomatic Design (AD) and Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) is presented. Although some of these methods have been largely explored, individually or in combination with other methodologies, a quantitative integration of all aspects of design, in such a way that the whole process becomes logical and comprehensible, has not yet been considered. To that end, the DFSS methodology, through its IDOV roadmap, was adopted. It is based on the ICOV Yang and El-Haik proposal, establishing four stages for the design process: Identify, which aims to define customers' requirements/expectations; Design, where the creation of a product concept, and its system-level design, is performed; Optimization, in which all the detailed design, through product optimization, is handled; and finally, Validation, where all product design decisions are validated, in order to verify if the new designed entity indeed meets customer and other requirements. As a result, this approach tackles the design of an injection mold in a global and quantitative approach, starting with a full understanding of customer requirements and converting them into optimal mold solutions. In order to validate it, an integrated platform was developed, where all different analysis modules were inserted and optimized through an overseeing code system. The results attained highlight the great potential of the proposed framework to achieve mold design improvements, with consequent reduction of rework and time savings for the entire mold design process.
- UAV Flight Simulator to Improve Elders’ Quality of LifePublication . Crespo, Christian Bustamante; Idrovo, Graciela Guerrero; Rodrigues, Nuno; Pereira, AntónioThe quality of life in older people deteriorates faster, depending if these have a sedentary lifestyle. Technology is used as a tool in various fields and there are some applications that have been developed to encourage sports through entertainment, this is the case of the Nintendo Wii. The positive impact of this kind of application has been the base in the development of this research. Our proposal focuses on the easy handling of a drone by sensing arm movements through wearable devices, and providing an immersive experience of being in a different place using virtual reality glasses. The aim is to promote the user's cognitive development, due to the hand-eye coordination required to control the drone. Finally, this research, manages to integrate virtual reality with Bluetooth technologies, establishing real-time communication with wearable devices and human movement.
- PrefacePublication . Cruz-Cunha, Maria Manuela; Varajão, João; Powell, Philip; Martinho, Ricardo
- PrefacePublication . Cruz-Cunha, Maria Manuela; Varajão, João; Powell, Philip; Martinho, Ricardo
- PrefacePublication . Cruz-Cunha, Maria Manuela; Varajão, João; Powell, Philip; Martinho, Ricardo
- PrefacePublication . Bellatreche, Ladjel; Pinto, Filipe Mota
- Building and Using an Ontology of Preference-Based Multiobjective Evolutionary AlgorithmsPublication . Li, Longmei; Yevseyeva, Iryna; Basto-Fernandes, Vitor; Trautmann, Heike; Jing, Ning; Emmerich, MichaelIntegrating user preferences in Evolutionary Multiobjective Optimization (EMO) is currently a prevalent research topic. There is a large variety of preference handling methods (originated from Multicriteria decision making, MCDM) and EMO methods, which have been combined in various ways. This paper proposes a Web Ontology Language (OWL) ontology to model and systematize the knowledge of preferencebased multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (PMOEAs). Detailed procedure is given on how to build and use the ontology with the help of Prot´eg´e. Different use-cases, including training new learners, querying and reasoning are exemplified and show remarkable benefit for both EMO and MCDM communities.