Percorrer por autor "Gomes, Sofia"
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- Alterations in consumers behaviour on food purchase during Covid-19 pandemicPublication . Oliveira, Márcio; Gomes, Sofia; Santos, Tânia Cristina Simões de Matos dos; Oliveira, José; Lopes, João L.The present research aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the behavior of Portuguese consumers concerning the purchase of food. For this purpose, a quantitative study was performed, using a sample composed of 741 Portuguese consumers. The study was carried out between November 2020 and February 2021, a period during which the most severe measures of social isolation were imposed by the Portuguese government since the beginning of the pandemic in March 2020. The results show that during the pandemic, consumers changed their behavior patterns, specifically: in the frequency of shopping; the use of transport to carry out the purchases; the amount of the budget allocated for this purpose; and the channels used to purchase. Based on these results, managers and policy makers will be able to adjust or redefine their strategies to meet new consumer preferences, thus promoting individual well-being and business success. Our research is original as it is focused on the Portuguese context at a specific point in time motivated by the external factors that arose from the dissemination of the Covid-19 pandemic, consequently affecting consumers' behavior on food purchase. Furthermore, it adds value to the literature with new findings on consumer behavior change within a pandemic environment, and the application of practical assistance to market practitioners as well as advice to policy makers.
- Authentic leadership and its interactions with the compassion and humility of employeesPublication . Oliveira, Márcio; Lopes, João M.; Santos, Tânia Cristina Simões de Matos dos; Gomes, Sofia; Sousa, MarleneBy the increasing recognition that the scientific and practical communities attribute humility and compassion as influencing organisational performance, this study aims to understand whether the exercise of authentic leadership influences these constructs. For this purpose, using a quantitative study, a questionnaire was applied to employees of small and medium-sized Portuguese companies who are directly subordinated to the top management of these companies in the course of their professional activity. This research empirically validates the theoretical arguments that suggest that authentic leadership is related to humility and compassion (the latter, measured based on the dimensions of kindness, common humanity, full attention, indifference, detachment and separation) and demonstrates that subordinates are essential resources to help organisations face competitive challenges, taking advantage of their employees' potential and promoting organisational efficiency and competitive advantages over the competition.
- Authentic leadership as predictor of resilience, humility and compassion of subordinatorsPublication . Oliveira, Márcio; Gomes, Sofia; Sousa, Marlene; Lopes, João M.; Santos, Tânia Cristina Simões de Matos dosThe present research is based on a questionnaire applied to 109 employees of Portuguese companies, who, in the performance of their professional activity, are in a position of direct subordinates of the top management of these companies and analyses the relationship between authentic leadership and its employees' resilience, humility, and compassion. This research empirically validates the theoretical arguments that suggest that authentic leadership is related to resilience, humility, and compassion (the latter, measured based on the dimensions of kindness, common humanity, mindfulness, indifference, disengagement, and separation) and demonstrates that subordinates are crucial resources to help organisations face competitive challenges, taking advantage of their employees' potential and promoting organisational efficiency and competitive advantages over the competition.
- Authentic leadership in small businesses: the importance of humility and resiliencePublication . Oliveira, Márcio; Sousa, Marlene; Lopes, João M.; Santos, Tânia Cristina Simões de Matos dos; Gomes, SofiaThe main objective of this study is to analyse the impact of authentic leadership on resilience, directly or when mediated by humility, in small and medium-sized enterprises and small businesses since these are personal characteristics that are increasingly determining and differentiating. All over the world, these organisations have been feeling the need to adapt to major societal changes that are taking place at the level of economic, social, political, cultural and ethical relations. The emergence of these new societal conjunctures imposes new conditions on organisations and rebuilds the world of work and business. In this way, authentic leadership and its influence on the behaviour of employees and organisations as a whole are increasingly gaining the attention of academics. This research empirically validates the theoretical arguments that suggest that authentic leadership relates to humility and resilience, both directly and indirectly, and demonstrates that employees are essential resources to help organisations face competitive challenges, take advantage of their employees' potential, and promote organisational efficiency competitive advantages over competitors. The study is based on a questionnaire applied to 109 employees of Portuguese companies, who, in the performance of their professional activity, are in a position of direct subordinates of the top management of these SMEs and small businesses. The analysis of the results obtained allows the conclusion that authentic leaders arouse more humility and more resilience in their subordinates.
- Determinants of the Entrepreneurial Influence on Academic Entrepreneurship - Lessons Learned from Higher Education Students in PortugalPublication . Oliveira, Márcio; Lopes, João M.; Oliveira, José; Sousa, Marlene; Santos, Tânia Cristina Simões de Matos dos; Gomes, SofiaAcademic entrepreneurship is becoming increasingly important to the field of research as well as to policy makers due to its ability to contribute to the economic, technological, and social development of regions and countries. This research aims to evaluate the determinants that influence the interest of Portuguese higher education students (HEI’s) to become entrepreneurs. The methodology used is quantitative and uses structural model equations. The results obtained demonstrate that the student’s perception of business skills, business growth skills, strategy, and successful business are key factors that students take into account in their entrepreneurial orientation. The research contributes to this theory by adding new knowledge to the literature on the perception of the HEI’s students to become entrepreneurs, specifically the students of Portuguese universities. In practical terms, the contributions offered within this research are based on suggestions for the third mission of universities, explicitly knowledge transfer to the community, business groups, and policy makers, as well as the creation of the essentials within university boundaries to promote entrepreneurship amongst its students. The research is original and innovative, as no research on this field with all the aggregated elements under study has been previously performed in Portugal. Furthermore, the obtained results can translate into ideas that potentially create jobs.
- Entrepreneurial Intention before and during COVID-19 — A Case Study on Portuguese University StudentsPublication . Oliveira, Márcio; Lopes, João M.; Gomes, Sofia; Santos, Tânia Cristina Simões de Matos dos; Oliveira, JoséThe present research aims to compare the entrepreneurial intention of university students before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. For this purpose, some dimensions were analyzed, such as the availability of this target audience to undertake an activity at their own risk, the preference for a future while employed by others, their perception of the values that society places on entrepreneurship, and the entrepreneurial abilities/skillsets. A comparative study of a quantitative nature was used, associating two samples composed of students of higher education in Portugal, the data were obtained before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis of the results permits us to conclude: (1) in the circumstances of macroeconomic changes resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, entrepreneurial activity does not decrease; (2) respondents are less interested in being employed by others and more attracted to being entrepreneurs; (3) there is a growing concordance with the values that society places on entrepreneurship; and (4) there is now a greater aptitude for entrepreneurial activity. The present research is original, as it compares data obtained in different contexts of economic and social stability. It contributes to theory and practice, in the sense that it points to conclusions in the opposite direction of other studies carried out in situations of disasters of another nature, and can serve as a reference for the development of strategies to promote entrepreneurship, within higher education institutions and official entities to publicize and promote new public policies.
- International Open Innovation Strategies of Firms in European Peripheral RegionsPublication . Oliveira, Márcio; Lopes, João M.; Gomes, Sofia; Oliveira, JoséThe involvement of companies in different open innovation activities, through knowledge outputs and inputs, has become increasingly important for the success of companies. However, the existing literature on open innovation is scarce concerning the internationalization process of companies. The internationalization of companies is fundamental in the continuous search to increase the performance of companies externally. The objective of the present research is to explain the strategic processes in the internationalization of companies located in peripheral regions at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of dynamic capabilities. The sample used for this research is composed of seven Portuguese companies. The methodology of qualitative nature is exploratory and uses a case study approach. Regarding the foremost modes of operation in international markets and strategies, we find that (1) companies have partnerships with local distributors or appoint exclusive importers/distributors, and (2) companies prefer to place their products in the market through their brand, “co-branded” projects with retailers, or “private label” projects. Of the seven companies under study, six use a standardization strategy, and one opts for a configuration-coordination strategy. Our findings clarified the literature on export and internationalization strategies in a peripheral country, allowing a closer incept of the organizational and dynamic capabilities and an overview of the supporting tools these companies have to compete in the global market. Our study is original because few articles study the internationalization strategies of companies at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic and in peripheral regions of Europe.
- Opening the “Black Box” of University Entrepreneurial Intention in the Era of the COVID-19 PandemicPublication . Oliveira, Márcio; Gomes, Sofia; Santos, Tânia Cristina Simões de Matos dos; Oliveira, José; Sousa, Marlene; Lopes, João M.This research aims to study the determinants of entrepreneurial intention in academia and compare the outcomes from two different moments, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, a quantitative methodology was used, whereby a questionnaire was given to higher education students in these two chronological moments. From the obtained results, it was possible to ascertain that, given the motivational dimension, the attitude towards behavior and perceived behavioral control are having a positive impact on entrepreneurial intentions during the pandemic and that subjective norms have a negative impact on entrepreneurial intentions. This relationship of influences is unchanged, either before or during the pandemic. Regarding the environmental dimension, both of the variables under analysis are having a negative impact on entrepreneurial intention during the pandemic period, which corresponds to an aggravation or loss of positive influences when compared to the context before the pandemic, and the next assessment had a positive impact on entrepreneurial intentions. On the theoretical contributions, the findings are very important, as they strengthen the literature on entrepreneurial intentions, and in specific contexts of social and economic instability. As for practical contributions, this research suggests actions to agents with an important intervention role in the community, one of these agents is Higher Education Institutions, which play a determining role by creating a positive environment to support their students’ entrepreneurial intent. This research is original, as far as we are informed, and it is the first to study entrepreneurial intention in academia during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Portuguese context. Moreover, we suggest that the obtained results should be succeeded by further studies to confirm the evolutionary trends now identified on the subject under analysis.
- Physical Health of Food Consumers during the COVID-19 PandemicPublication . Oliveira, Márcio; Oliveira, José; Sousa, Marlene; Lopes, João M.; Gomes, SofiaThe present research aims to analyze the habits observed in the perception of the general physical health condition of Portuguese food consumers in the COVID-19 pandemic. The investigation is focused on indicators such as weight, physical activity, and consumption habits through the adoption of healthy and not healthy food. Centered on a quantitative approach, the research is based on the application of a questionnaire to a sample of 741 Portuguese consumers, between November 2020 and February 2021, a period during which the most severe measures of social isolation were imposed by the Portuguese government, since the beginning of the pandemic. Moreover, the questionnaire was applied to consumers over 18 years old. According to this population, and considering a 95% confidence level and a margin of error of 4%, the sample has a minimum of 601 responses. Being so, the results of this research are representative for the Portuguese food consumers. The theoretical model was estimated using Partial Least Squares (PLS) in the Smart PLS 3.0 software. The obtained results allowed us to conclude that the Portuguese perception of their weight did not change in the pandemic, despite showing that in general, the pandemic had a negative impact on their physical condition. On the other hand, the results show that the Portuguese associate the practice of physical exercise with physical well-being. Respondents also confirm a positive relationship between “positive eating behaviors (such as consumption of fruits and vegetables, low saturated foods and rich in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats” and water consumption) and “the perception of physical health in general”. On the contrary, respondents’ perception of the choice of negative eating behaviors (measured by the consumption of products with a high content of salt and sugar, snacks, and processed frozen and pre-cooked foods) have a negative impact on the “assessment of physical health, in the COVID-19 pandemic”. Hence, it was concluded that the Portuguese consider that an eventual increase in weight does not necessarily correspond to a perception of worse physical health; the practice of physical exercise and good eating habits corresponds to a perception of better physical health; the adoption of bad eating habits corresponds to the perception of bad physical health.
- Strategic management and value creation in Non-Profit OrganisationsPublication . Oliveira, Márcio; Santos, Tânia Cristina Simões de Matos dos; Gomes, Sofia; Sousa, Marlene; Lopes, João M.The present study aims to assess the impact of strategic management on value creation in Non-Profit Institutions (NPOs). The research is based on an online questionnaire applied to 67 directors of NPOs in the district of Leiria, located in the central region of Portugal, whose functions are focused on the definition and implementation of the strategic management of these institutions to fulfil their missions. This quantitative study found that the formulation and implementation of strategies directly positively impact value creation and that the formulation of strategies has an indirect positive impact, when mediated by the implementation of strategic choices, on the value creation of these same organisations. This study reinforces the theoretical argument that points to the growing importance of strategic management in this type of organisation's performance and value creation. It can also serve as a benchmark for leaders and managers to fulfil these organisations' missions. Finally, it was possible to identify a set of indicators that, in each dimension of the strategic management studied, can help create the most value.