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- Entrepreneurship research: a bibliometric study of the EnANPADs 1997-2008Publication . Ferreira, Manuel Portugal; Santos, João Carvalho; Serra, Fernando A. Ribeiro; Reis, NunoWe have witnessed a fast growth in academic interest on entrepreneurship over the past two to three decades, although at disparate paces in different countries. A wealth of papers presented and published, books, dedicated journals, websites, professional and research groups have emerged accompanying this increased interest. It is thus important to understand what are these scholars studying. In this paper we examine the state of the art in entrepreneurship research in Brazil, by scrutinizing the entire track record of the papers presented at the EnANPAD over a twelve years period: 1997 to 2008. The results of the bibliometric analysis revealed that entrepreneurship research maintains a broad spectrum of interests, focusing both on contextual, individual and process issues. Less visible is a unified theoretical background or the use of established theories foundational to other management disciplines. It is notable the increase in the Brazilian empirical, theoretical and case-study based entrepreneurship research. This paper is organized in four main sections. First, we review the entrepreneurship literature, followed by a description of the method employed, the third, presents and discusses the results of the bibliometric study, and we conclude with a broad discussion, conclusions to be drawn, limitations and avenues for future research.
- Structural and longitudinal analysis of the knowledge base on spin-off researchPublication . Ferreira, Manuel Portugal; Reis, Nuno; Paula, Roberta M.; Pinto, Claudia FriasFollowing the dynamism in spin-off research, in this study we conduct a structural and longitudinal bibliometric analysis of a sample of 812 articles on spin-offs published in 234 journals included in the ISI Web of Knowledge over a period of three decades. The analyses do not seek to establish a new conceptualization but rather to reveal the intellectual structure of the field and how it has evolved, and the profile of the knowledge network established in the three perspectives: corporate, academic and entrepreneurial spin-offs. The diversity involved in the three streams of spin-off research signals substantial differences. Theoretically, transaction costs, agency and the resource-based view have remained a foundation of spin-off research, albeit that research has been driven more by the phenomena than by developing the theory. The more traditional focus on corporate spin-offs was followed by emphasis on academic spin-offs and more recently on entrepreneurial spin-offs. This shift has been accompanied by a more business/management theoretical orientation, replacing a more financial and taxation-based perspective underlying corporate spin-offs. This study systematizes the existing stock of knowledge and raises avenues for additional inquiry.
- Bibliometrics in Public AdministrationPublication . Marques, Tânia M. G.; Reis, Nuno Rosa; Serra, Fernando A. R.Introduction: Bibliometrics refers to the studies which seek to compute the processes of written communication, including several methods for tracking the scientific information on a discipline, a field, or a topic. Thus, bibliometrics make available a complementary perspective of the history, path, and evolution of a discipline through the quantitative analysis of its existent literature. In Public Administration, there is arguably a scarcity of bibliometric studies. The relevance and usefulness of the bibliometric approach has not been yet fully grasped by the Public Administration scholars. Thus, an advancement on this comprehension and a widespread use of bibliometric techniques may contribute to advance the research in the Public Administration discipline.
- A bibliometric study of the cultural models in international business researchPublication . Reis, Nuno; Ferreira, Manuel Portugal; Santos, João Carvalho; Serra, Fernando RibeiroCulture and the influence of national cultures and cultural differences have been widely studied in International Business (IB) research especially over the past three decades. To better understand what culture actually means and its implications on firms’ international operations, several cultural models and taxonomies have been put forward. In this paper we review the main cultural models in the extant IB research – Hofstede’s (1980), Hall’s (1976) and Troompenaars’ (1993) – and Kogut and Singh’s (1988) concept of cultural distance. In a bibliometric study of over 3,600 articles published in seven top ranked journals for IB research, we examine citations and co-citations to assess the relative use of the cultural models and the ties binding authors and theories studied. This study offers a wealth of information on the current state of IB-related research using culture that may be used to better understand the intellectual structure of the sub-field of cultural issues in IB studies but also to identify gaps for future inquiry. The results help setting a profile of the network of knowledge and permit us to conclude that Hofstede’s (1980) taxonomy on cultural characteristics is the most cited cultural taxonomy and holds ties to many of the core streams of IB-related research. In fact, despite the well-known criticisms, there is an increasing use of Hofstede’s dimensions.
- A empresa e o meio nas teorias económicas da empresa: uma leitura longitudinalPublication . Santos, João Carvalho; Ferreira, Manuel Portugal; Reis, NunoA teoria económica tem tentado compreender e explicar o comportamento das empresas nos mercados. Contudo, persistem grandes divergências acerca do papel das diferentes forças que influenciam o crescimento e os objectivos das empresas. Sintetizar os principais contributos dos autores mais relevantes das diferentes teorias económicas parece útil. Assim, neste artigo fazemos uma breve revisão das teorias da empresa desde a teoria neoclássica até ao conceito de capacidades dinâmicas e o impacto nas empresas das alterações do ambiente onde se inserem.
- Empreendedorismo em economias em desenvolvimento: uma aplicação ao sector turísticoPublication . Reis, NunoO contexto idiossincrático dos países em desenvolvimento, marcadamente distinto dos países da Tríade normalmente objeto de investigação académica, poderá levar a efeitos na decisão de empreender.turístico, de Jeremias Dias Furtado, Antonia Mercedes García Cabrera e Maria Gracia García Soto. A obra, resultado de uma tese de doutoramento, oferece uma abordagem institucional à problemática do empreendedorismo. A abordagem institucional estabelece as bases para um estudo empírico sobre a realidade de Cabo Verde que permite validar as relações propostas. A abordagem institucional selecionada é particularmente adequada para abordar a questão do empreendedorismo em países em desenvolvimento. As condições institucionais, nomeadamente os défices em instituições que potenciem o empreendedorismo, serão um fator distintivo determinante entre economias desenvolvidas e economias em desenvolvimento.
- Understanding the Footprint of the RBV in International Business Studies: the Last Twenty Years of ResearchPublication . Ferreira, Manuel Portugal; Reis, Nuno; Serra, Fernando; Costa, BennyInternational business (IB) research has evolved substantially over the past four decades incorporating new concerns and theoretical contributions. During the past two decades, the Resource-Based View (RBV) has gained the preference of many IB scholars and has gradually become one of the dominant theoretical perspectives for studying IB decisions and operations. The 1991 article “Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage” by Jay Barney is recognized as a fundamental contribution to the Resource-Based View (RBV). In this paper we assess the influence of the RBV, proxied by Jay Barney’s (1991) article, on IB research over the twenty years period, from 1991 to 2010. In this bibliometric study of the articles published in the leading journal for IB research – Journal of International Business Studies (JIBS) – we conduct citation and co-citation analyses, the networks of co-authorship, and delve into the analysis of the key research topics. Beyond understanding the extant research we also contribute to i identifying future research avenues.
- On the adaptation of the firm to the international business environment: a knowledge-based and evolutionary perspectivePublication . Ferreira, Manuel Portugal; Serra, Fernando; Reis, NunoThis paper advances on the importance of the adaptation of the firm to the International Business Environment (IBE). The IBE is a distinguishing factor in international business studies and the firm’s adaptation to the environment has been presented as a basic survival strategy. We argue that adaptation is indeed a dynamic and largely internally driven process that leads the firm to co-evolve with the external environment. The ability to adapt to different international business environments is developed over time through the firm’s experiences and built into its routines. Adaptation is both suggested to incorporate the elements of a planned strategy and of random variation in search for local peaks given bounded rationality, imperfect information and the current pool of resources and capabilities. The ability to adapt to the environment may be conceptualized as a knowledge-based capability and a potential source of competitive advantage for the multinational corporation.
- Managing in a foreign country: the influence of culture in management decisionsPublication . Reis, Nuno; Ferreira, Manuel Portugal; Santos, João CarvalhoThe world’s increasingly global economics is well documented fact. Globalization means people worldwide are becoming more similar, but there are still very important differences. Culture is an important factor that makes two countries unlike. In this paper we present three conceptual propositions on the effects of culture in management, at three different levels (corporate, business and functional). We argue that culture plays influences the management decisions at all three levels, affecting the firm’s success.
- Two decades of management research on emerging economies: a citation and co-citation reviewPublication . Ferreira, Manuel Portugal; Reis, Nuno Rosa; Pinto, Cláudia FriasRecent years have witnessed an unprecedented increase in scholars’ interest in emerging economies, with an increasing number of articles published. This study investigates the knowledge base that has formed the foundation for research on emerging economies. Using bibliometric techniques of citations and co-citations, we reviewed the extant management/business research on emerging economies to identify the intellectual structure and the main research concentrations of the field over the past two decades, from 1992 to 2013. The findings reveal that an institutional perspective has been foundational to the research on emerging economies multinationals. Yet, there is a growing emphasis on firms’ strategic choices and the use of resource, and dynamic capabilities-based views – entering and exiting emerging economies. Institutional perspectives complement a greater emphasis on the global strategies of firms in and out of emerging economies as scholars delve into the emerging countries multinationals’ dynamic capabilities as sources of competitive advantage. This study extends the current comprehension of the theories and themes researched, how the research agenda has progressed, and the conceptual idiosyncrasies of emerging economies studies. We provide scholars and practitioners with a global rear view of the field, organize, classify and systematize the stock of accumulated knowledge and the trends of theorizing, as a foundation to spawn future research endeavors.