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- The Effect 0f Warm-up on Tethered Front Crawl Swimming ForcesPublication . Neiva, Henrique; Morouço, Pedro; Silva, António; Marques, Mário; Marinho, Daniel; Morouço, PedroThis study was conducted to determine the effect of warm-up on high-intensity front crawl tethered swimming and thus to better understand possible variations in the force exerted by the swimmers. Ten male national level swimmers (mean ± SD; age 15.3 ± 0.95 years old, height: 1.73 ± 5.2 m, body mass: 64.3 ± 7.8 kg, Fat mass 8.31 ± 3.1 kg) participated in this study. After a typical competition warm-up, the subjects performed a 30 s tethered swimming all-out effort in front crawl swimming technique. The same test was repeated in the day after but performed without warming up. Capillary blood lactate concentration was assessed before and after the swimming test and the Borg ratings of perceived exertion scale was used. Without a previous warm-up, the mean ± SD values of maximum and mean forces were 299.62 ± 77.56 N and 91.65 ± 14.70 N, respectively. These values were different (p<0.05) from the values obtained with warm-up (351.33 ± 81.85 N and 103.97 ± 19.11 N). Differences were also observed when regarding to the forces relative to body mass. However, the values of lactate net concentrations after the test performed with and without warm-up were not different (6.27 ± 2.36 mmol·l(-1) and 6.18 ± 2.353 mmol·l (-1)) and the same occurs with the values of ratings of perceived exertion (15.90 ± 2.42 and 15.60 ± 2.27). These results suggest an improvement of the maximum and mean force of the swimmer on the tethered swimming due to previous warm-up.
- A acessibilidade na comunicação do património em multiformatoPublication . Sousa, Célia Maria; Gil, H.Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão acerca de como o património pode ser comunicado para todos dentro e fora do espaço físico do museu, tendo como princípio a equidade, de forma a sensibilizar para a diversidade humana, através da comunicação para todos. Para tal, fundamenta-se nos conceitos de Desenho Universal, equidade e diferentes formatos de comunicação, relacionando-os com a nova definição de Museus pelo Conselho Internacional de Museus. Os resultados que ora se apresentam evidenciam que a comunicação multiformato auxilia na comunicação do património, podendo ser utilizado de muitas formas, consoante ao objetivo que se pretende atingir. Observa-se a sensibilização de todos para a aprendizagem acerca da diversidade humana, bem como do entendimento do conceito de “para todos”. Mais se acrescenta que o Museu da Seda é o único equipamento patrimonial do munícipio de Castelo Branco e que se pretende seja o percursor de uma iniciativa mais global. Pretende-se que esta iniciativa seja replicada em todos os equipamentos e estruturas patrimoniais de todo o município de Castelo Branco.
- Acessibilidade para todos: inclusão social e autonomia através de menús multiformatoPublication . Gil, Henrique Manuel Pires Teixeira; Saraiva, Daniela Filipa Silva; Sousa, Célia MariaA acessibilidade à informação em restaurantes ainda carece de estratégias eficazes para garantir a inclusão de pessoas com Necessidades Específicas (NE). Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo validar a adaptação de ementas em comunicação acessível como ferramenta de promoção da inclusão social e autonomia. Utilizou-se um estudo de casos múltiplos em dois restaurantes, com recolha de dados por entrevista semiestruturada (n=1), notas de campo, Focus Group (n=4) e questionário (n=80). A análise de conteúdo e estatística descritiva indicou que 98% dos participantes consideram a adaptação das ementas um meio de inclusão e 95% uma estratégia promotora de autonomia.
- Entre História e silêncio: a surdez de D. João VI e sua ausência nas narrativas educacionaisPublication . Oliveira, Alessandra Furtado de; Ramos, Jacqueline De Faria Barros; Sousa, Célia Maria; Braz, Ruth Maria MarianiA História é uma disciplina acadêmica e uma ferramenta cultural que desempenha papel fundamental na formação das memórias e identidades das sociedades. Assim, neste artigo objetivamos denunciar o processo de apagamento da pessoa com deficiência nos livros didáticos, na figura de D. João VI, que era surdo. A pesquisa tem abordagem qualitativa, foco documental, análise de conteúdo em plataformas de dados e revisão bibliográfica de forma narrativa. Os dados coletados demonstram que o tema da surdez de D. João VI é pouco abordado; quando mencionado, o é muitas vezes de forma superficial, o que contribui para a perpetuação de estereótipos e preconceitos em relação às pessoas com deficiência, além de reforçar a invisibilidade de suas contribuições históricas. Destaca-se a importância da conscientização sobre a diversidade e a necessidade de superar o apagamento das pessoas com deficiência, valorizando sua participação e contribuição para a sociedade.
- One Sport or Many? Comparing the Effects of Athletics and Multiactivity Training on Motor Competence in 6–10-Year-Olds—A Case StudyPublication . Lopes, Nataniel; Susano Jacinto, Miguel Ângelo; Monteiro, Diogo; Matos, Rui; Ibáñez, Sérgio J.Background: Motor competence (MC) is defined as the ability to perform a wide range of motor skills with proficiency and control. The present quasi-experimental study design examines the impact of two structured intervention programs on MC in children who practiced athletics at the same club, aged 6 to 10 years, implemented over 12 weeks. Methods: The sample consisted of 64 children, assigned to two intervention groups: Intervention Group A (IG_A) composed of 15 male and 17 female children (9.57 ± 0.86 years) and Intervention Group B (IG_B), of 14 male and 18 female children (9.08 ± 1.33 years). IG_A received athletics-based training exclusively, three times per week, while IG_B undertook two weekly athletics sessions and one complementary activity session, such as handball, gymnastics, swimming, and motor games. MC was assessed using the modified Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK3+). The KTK3+ consists of three original KTK tasks, [Backward Balance (BB), Sideways Moving (MS), and Jumping Sideways (JS)] and an additional Eye–Hand Coordination (EHC) task. For statistical analysis, ANOVA repeated measures 2 × 2 was used. Results: In relation to JS, the performance on this test did not change with the intervention programs in either of the two groups. For BB and MS, both groups improved their performances in a similar way through the program implementation. Differently, for EHC, results showed that only IG_B improved its performance significantly (p < 0.001) with the program’s intervention, with a large Cohen’s d effect size (0.84). Finally, as a general analysis, the KTK3+ raw results (RS) and results translated to Global Motor Quotient (GQM), revealed significant differences between IG_A and IG_B post-intervention, with p < 0.001 for both variables’ comparison and with large Cohen’s d effect sizes for both (1.581 for RS and 1.595 for GQM), favoring IG_B. Conclusions: Both programs led to improvements in the various KTK3+ battery tasks. However, only the program that combined athletics training with multiactivity training led to significant improvements in the EHC test and in the overall KTK3+ results of the children involved.
- Are Young Swimmers Short and Middle Distances Energy Cost Sex-Specific?Publication . Massini, Danilo A.; Almeida, Tiago A. F.; Vasconcelos, Camila M. T.; Macedo, Anderson G.; Espada, Mário A. C.; Reis, Joana F.; Alves, Francisco J. B.; Fernandes, Ricardo J. P.; Filho, Dalton M. PessôaThis study assessed the energy cost in swimming (C) during short and middle distances to analyze the sex-specific responses of C during supramaximal velocity and whether body composition account to the expected differences. Twenty-six swimmers (13 men and 13 women: 16.7 ± 1.9 vs. 15.5 ± 2.8 years old and 70.8 ± 10.6 vs. 55.9 ± 7.0 kg of weight) performed maximal front crawl swimming trials in 50, 100, and 200 m. The oxygen uptake ((Formula presented.) O2) was analyzed along with the tests (and post-exercise) through a portable gas analyser connected to a respiratory snorkel. Blood samples were collected before and after exercise (at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th min) to determine blood lactate concentration [La–]. The lean mass of the trunk (LMTrunk), upper limb (LMUL), and lower limb (LMLL) was assessed using dual X-ray energy absorptiometry. Anaerobic energy demand was calculated from the phosphagen and glycolytic components, with the first corresponding to the fast component of the (Formula presented.) O2 bi-exponential recovery phase and the second from the 2.72 ml × kg–1 equivalent for each 1.0 mmol × L–1 [La–] variation above the baseline value. The aerobic demand was obtained from the integral value of the (Formula presented.) O2 vs. swimming time curve. The C was estimated by the rate between total energy releasing (in Joules) and swimming velocity. The sex effect on C for each swimming trial was verified by the two-way ANOVA (Bonferroni post hoc test) and the relationships between LMTrunk, LMUL, and LMLL to C were tested by Pearson coefficient. The C was higher for men than women in 50 (1.8 ± 0.3 vs. 1.3 ± 0.3 kJ × m–1), 100 (1.4 ± 0.1 vs. 1.0 ± 0.2 kJ × m–1), and 200 m (1.0 ± 0.2 vs. 0.8 ± 0.1 kJ × m–1) with p < 0.01 for all comparisons. In addition, C differed between distances for each sex (p < 0.01). The regional LMTrunk (26.5 ± 3.6 vs. 20.1 ± 2.6 kg), LMUL (6.8 ± 1.0 vs. 4.3 ± 0.8 kg), and LMLL (20.4 ± 2.6 vs. 13.6 ± 2.5 kg) for men vs. women were significantly correlated to C in 50 (R2adj = 0.73), 100 (R2adj = 0.61), and 200 m (R2adj = 0.60, p < 0.01). Therefore, the increase in C with distance is higher for men than women and is determined by the lean mass in trunk and upper and lower limbs independent of the differences in body composition between sexes.
- ARTE E SUSTENTABILIDADE – EXPERIÊNCIAS DE CRIAÇÃO PLÁSTICA REALIZADAS POR PROFESSORES EM FORMAÇÃOPublication . Magueta, Lúcia GraveIntrodução: Na formação de professores, a abordagem à expressão plástica pode incidir sobre o conhecimento de materiais e a sua transformação e extensão de vida, o upcycling e a upcycled art, perspetivando práticas de educação para a sustentabilidade em diferentes contextos. Objetivo: Compreender em que medida as experiências de criação plástica através da reutilização criativa de materiais preparam os futuros professores para educarem para a sustentabilidade. Métodos: Investigação-ação, com os seguintes momentos e ações: 1. Diagnóstico – aplicação de um questionário inicial; 2. Planificação – planeamento das aulas práticas e dos recursos necessários; 3. Implementação – realização de aulas de experimentação e criação plástica; 4. Reflexão – aplicação de um questionário final. Posteriormente, procedeu-se à análise de conteúdo para tratamento dos dados recolhidos. Resultados: Emergiram as categorias «Aprendizagens no domínio das artes visuais», «Aprendizagens sobre desenvolvimento sustentável» e «Aprendizagens sobre práticas de educação para a sustentabilidade». Conclusão: Os estudantes evidenciaram aprendizagens no domínio das artes visuais; relativas à prática artística enquanto meio de reflexão sobre sustentabilidade, pelos materiais que se transformam e pelas mensagens veiculadas; e relativas à transferibilidade do processo vivenciado para diferentes contextos educativos.
- Load and psychophysiological responses in high-intensity interval training with fixed and self-selected recoveryPublication . Sant’Ana, Leandro; Macedo Vianna, Jeferson; Rodrigues Scartoni, Fabiana; Tolomeu de Oliveira, Géssyca; Macedo Carvalho, Bruna; De Sena Altomar, Marconi; Teixeira, Diogo; Antunes, R.; Rodrigues, Filipe; Matos, Rui; Novaes, Jefferson da Silva; Machado, Sérgio; Monteiro, DiogoIntroduction and Objective. The study analyzed the training load in high-intensity interval training sessions with different conditions of recovery time between stimuli: fixed (1min.) and self-selected. Methods. Nineteen individuals participated in the study: 13 men and 6 women (19±1.0 years; 64.0±9.2 kg; 169±8.5 cm; 22.0±2 BMI). For the training load analysis, heart rate variability (LnRMSSD), perceived effort (PE), and mood scale BRUMS (MS) were used. LnRMSSD and MS were evaluated before and after the sessions. The PE was evaluated during each session immediately after each stimulus. The protocol was 10 x 30s (95% Vpeak) with active recovery (40% Vpeak) in fixed or self-selected time. ANOVA-RM (2 [interventions] x 2 [time points]) for LnRMSSD and MS and (2 [interventions] x 10 [time points]) for PE was used. Results. Between condition and time*condition, no differences were observed for LnRMSSD (p=.626; p=.879, respectively), PE (p=.191; p=.792, respectively), and MS (tension: p=.673; p=.463; depression: p=.867; p=.359; anger: p=.867; p=.359; vigor: p=.811; p=.778; fatigue: p=.144; p=.998; mental confusion: p=.828; p=.752, respectively). In terms of time, significant differences were observed in LnRMSSD (p<.001) and PE (1≠3-10; 2≠4-10; 3≠5-10; 4≠5-10; 5≠7-10; 6≠7-10; 7≠ 9,10; 8≠10, p<.001). In MS, there was a difference in domains of tension (p<.001), depression (p<.015), anger (p<.033), and mental confusion (p<.001). But not for vigor (p=.339) nor fatigue (p=.419), which are associated with the training load. Conclusions. However, both recovery conditions showed similar acute internal load responses. Additionally, it is suggested that recovery with self-selected time (46.70±1.6.58s) may be a recovery option in HIIT prescription.
- Associations Between Dry Land Strength and Power Measurements with Swimming Performance in Elite Athletes: a Pilot StudyPublication . Morouço, Pedro; Neiva, Henrique; González-Badillo, Juan; Garrido, Nuno; Marinho, Daniel; Marques, MárioThe main aim of the present study was to analyze the relationships between dry land strength and power measurements with swimming performance. Ten male national level swimmers (age: 14.9 ± 0.74 years, body mass: 60.0 ± 6.26 kg, height: 171.9 ± 6.26, 100 m long course front crawl performance: 59.9 ± 1.87 s) volunteered as subjects. Height and Work were estimated for CMJ. Mean power in the propulsive phase was assessed for squat, bench press (concentric phase) and lat pull down back. Mean force production was evaluated through 30 s maximal effort tethered swimming in front crawl using whole body, arms only and legs only. Swimming velocity was calculated from a maximal bout of 50 m front crawl. Height of CMJ did not correlate with any of the studied variables. There were positive and moderate-strong associations between the work during CMJ and mean propulsive power in squat with tethered forces during whole body and legs only swimming. Mean propulsive power of bench press and lat pull down presented positive and moderate-strong relationships with mean force production in whole body and arms only. Swimming performance is related with mean power of lat pull down back. So, lat pull down back is the most related dry land test with swimming performance; bench press with force production in water arms only; and work during CMJ with tethered forces legs only.
- Promoting social network awareness: A social network monitoring systemPublication . Cadima, Rita; Ferreira, Carlos; Monguet, Josep; Ojeda, Jordi; Fernandez, JoaquinTo increase communication and collaboration opportunities, members of a community must be aware of the social networks that exist within that community. This paper describes a social network monitoring system - the KIWI system - that enables users to register their interactions and visualize their social networks. The system was implemented in a distributed research community and the results have shown that KIWI facilitates collecting information about social interactions. Furthermore, the visualization of the social networks, given as feedback, appeared to have a positive impact on the group, augmenting their social network awareness.