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- ‘Front’ And ‘Back Regions’ in Historic Housing Tourism: Spatial Segregation and Proximity in Host-Guest InteractionPublication . Braga, José Luís; Sousa, Bruno; Dionísio, MartaGoffman conceived a division of social establishments which he called region. A region for him was any place in some way limited by obstacles to perception. He distinguished two regions: ‘front’ and ‘back’. In turn, MacCannell applied Goffman’s classification to tourism. According to him, tourists show a special fascination with the ‘real lives’ of others. These ‘real lives’ can only be found in the back regions. MacCannell argued that, in the face of an influx of mass tourists, host communities seek to protect and isolate their culture by creating back regions. In these, the natives continue their significant traditions outside the eyes of tourists. Conversely, it is in the front regions that the natives perform a limited range of activities for tourist audiences. The tourism front region (or front stage) is, therefore, the place where hosts and guests meet and the tourism back region (or backstage) is the place where the hosts retreat, during the performance interval, to relax and prepare. This study aims to demonstrate the applicability of this concept to the interactions between hosts and guests that occur in Historic Housing Tourism (HHT). The results presented here emerged from a qualitative study in which 53 homeowners of HHT units were interviewed. The technique used for data collection and analysis was Grounded Theory (GT). In this study we found that, in the first phase of implantation of the HHT, which we called improvisation (1980s in most houses), the propensity for informalization was more evident. At this stage, there was a tendency to transform almost every region of the house in backstage. In the current phase of implementation of HHT, which we called the professionalization, formalization begins to acquire more and more importance. Hence, there is a tendency to erect more pronounced front regions and there is less fluidity between regions than in the improvisation phase. From the theory that we developed, using GT, two properties of HHT emerged which we named ‘segregating’ and ‘approaching’ that brought an empirical confirmation to Goffman’s theory. Spatial segregation is, thus, a means of preserving the intimacy of the HHT unit’s host family. In an interdisciplinary perspective, this study presents preliminary contributions in the management of historic housing tourism and tourism management (e.g. companies and destinations perspective).
- Application of the hypercomplex fractional integro-differential operators to the fractional Stokes equationPublication . Ferreira, M.; Kraußhar, R. S.; Rodrigues, M. M.; Vieira, N.We present a generalization of several results of the classical continuous Clifford function theory to the context of fractional Clifford analysis. The aim of this paper is to show how the fractional integro-differential hypercomplex operator calculus can be applied to a concrete fractional Stokes problem in arbitrary dimensions which has been attracting recent interest (cf. [1, 6]).
- Profile of the Surf Tourist in Peniche in the Low SeasonPublication . Almeida, Bruno Feijó; Chagas, Laura; Pires, Ana; Pais, SóniaIn recent years, tourism has boosted local economic development, being strategic for the sustainability and dynamism of communities. This quantitative study analyzes the profile of surf tourists in Peniche in the low season, based on 202 questionnaires applied in five places frequented by surfers. The results show that most tourists are in the age groups of 25 to 30 years and 31 to 40 years, evidencing a young adult audience financially autonomous and prone to travel to surf. Most are male, have higher education and consider themselves to have a level of expertise in initial or intermediate surfing. As for nationality, tourists from Portugal stand out, followed by Germany, Greece, Italy and the United Kingdom and other mostly European countries, which reveals international diversity. The data obtained come from the preliminary phase of a study that also aims to understand the perception of tourists about the city's cultural offer.
- The Implementation of the Circular Economy R-Principles and Strategies: The Portuguese Hotel Industry PerspectivePublication . Costa, Berta; Rodrigues, Susana; Santos, NatáliaCircular Economy (CE) is a concept that has been gaining increasing importance in business circles and advocated by European Union, and by several governments worldwide. It is acknowledged that it has the potential to optimise resource efficiency, minimise production and consumption of greenhouse gas emissions, while simultaneously granting competitive advantage business prospects. Although it has been gaining momentum among academia, politicians, and practitioners, it is apparent some struggling when it comes to the design of a framework explaining how companies can embrace circularity and on how to adapt their business model to this new economic system. Despite its importance and applicability by the travel and tourism sector in general and the hotel industry in particular, it is insufficiently studied and examined. This empirical study investigates this concept on the Portuguese hotel industry perspective concerning the adoption of CE practices and CE R-principles through a survey instrument disseminated across the Portuguese hotel industry, with 78 valid responses. This article also introduces a new set of R-principles to the already existing ones, and contributes to the scientific research on the travel and tourism industry, and mainly to the one linked with the Portuguese hotel industry, which has been vaguely examined up to now. The results obtained indicate that these R-principles have been gaining importance, being adopted, and put into practice by the Portuguese hotel industry with special emphasis on the 3R-Principles (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) along with Repair. Findings also indicate that some initiatives that are in line with a Circular Economy paradigm, namely recycling, reducing water and energy consumption, and cleaning management policies, towel and bed linen programmes, staff and education programmes, green products, certifications, among others, are also being considered.
- A case study with PmatE in the learning of mathematical subjects at University levelPublication . Pais, Sónia; Cabrita, Isabel; Anjo, António BatelSince 1989, the Mathematics Education Project (PmatE - Projecto Matemática Ensino) has developed several strategies to increase the interest and improve the success of students in Mathematics. PmatE developed a platform of computer aided education (PCA), currently available only in the internet, including all grades since primary school. The main goal of this platform is to support teaching, being a tool that allows: the management of the groups involved; the elaboration of tests; the research of student performance; the analysis of results and other functionalities of management. The developed programs are a tool to support education, evaluation and learning. It's presented a case study with Science Food Engineering students. The major goal of the study is to evaluate the impact of the platform of computer aided education (PCA) developed for the PmatE in the learning of mathematical subjects at the University level. This paper describes how it is conceived as well as the main results.
- A Technological Proposal Using Virtual Worlds to Support Entrepreneurship Education for Primary School ChildrenPublication . Pereira, Angela; Martins, Paulo; Morgado, Leonel; Fonseca, Benjamim; Esteves, MicaelaThe importance of entrepreneurship education from elementary school through college is now recognized as an important aspect of children’s education. At the level of basic education, the development of entrepreneurial activities using Information and Communication Technologies, specifically three-dimensional virtual worlds, is seen as an area with potential for exploration. The research presented herein is a model that allows the development of entrepreneurial activities in virtual worlds with children attending primary education. This model allows the preparation, monitoring and development of entrepreneurship education activities in virtual worlds, including safe interaction in virtual worlds between the children and the community. For this, we identified a set of requirements that would allow the teaching and learning of entrepreneurship in virtual worlds, from which a technological model was implemented through an application, EMVKids (after the Portuguese expression “Empreendedorismo em Mundos Virtuais com Crianças”, entrepreneurship with children in virtual worlds).
- Morphology and Thermal Behaviour of New Mycelium-Based Composites with Different Types of SubstratesPublication . Alves, Rafael M. E.; Alves, M.L.; Campos, Maria J.The need for new green and sustainable materials has been fostering the development, research and introduction of biodegradable materials from natural and renewable sources. Commercially available biodegradable plastics, while minimizing their environmental impact and exhibiting a set of properties that enable the obtainment of industrial components, usually require complex processing methods, are costly and have limited applicability. A new growth of natural resources based paradigm applied as production process is increasing its relevance as an alternative production process. New materials that combine fungal mycelium with waste materials as coffee grounds or wood waste can be considered as promising to fulfill this new paradigm. This new biomaterial mycelium based composites present controllable and adjustable properties during their growth, being able to grow and penetrate organic substrates, thus forming a tangle of branched fibers and a structure that presents some thermo-mechanical properties similar to the ones of plastics. The aim of the present study was the selection of the optimal inoculation temperature, light, humidity and the best substrate for the fastest and consistent mycelium growth. Four types of mycelium were incubated, namely Pleurotus ostreatus (382), Hypsizygus ulmarius (420), Ganoderma lucidum (560) and Trametes versicolor (620). The influence of the three substrates (coffee grounds, pine waste and general wood waste) on the growth was analyzed both morphologically and thermo-mechanically by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray micro computed tomography (microCT).
- Sustainable tourism and the circular economy: A theoretical overviewPublication . Costa, Berta; Rodrigues, Susana; Moreno, PilarThe concept of sustainable tourism has become one of the most noteworthy topics among academics and practitioners and a hallmark in tourism discourse. During the last decades, tourism has developed into one of the largest socio-economic activities, and thus driving economic growth that most supports to the countries’ GDP (Gross Domestic Product). The world economic paradigm, and consequently the tourism industry, is configured according to the linear model of production and consumption, in which goods are discarded after usage, resulting in massive waste. Furthermore, the degrading impact of tourism, along with the assumption that natural resources are abounding, and that environment has unlimited means to absorb waste, need to be addressed without delay. Considering these premises, the principle of sustainable tourism arose with the objective of minimizing the negative effects of tourism related activities. From this standpoint, circular economy emerges as a solution, as it harmonizes economic development with the sustainable use of natural resources, and also enables the tourism industry to become more sustainable. The purpose of this article is to outline the conceptual dimensions of sustainable tourism and circular economy, and also scrutinize how these two constructs have evolved over the past decades and their correlation. A broad literature review was conducted, in order to draw attention to the constituent elements brought to discussion.
- XVI International Symposium on Marine Natural Products|XI European Conference on Marine Natural ProductsPublication . Pedrosa, Rui; Gaudêncio, Susana P.; Vasconcelos, VitorThe International Symposium on Marine Natural Products (MaNaPro) happened for the first time in 1975 in the city of Aberdeen, Scotland, organized by Professor Ronald H. Thomson. The European Conference on Marine Natural Products (ECMNP) occurred for the first time in 1997 in Athens, Greece, organized by Professor Vassilios Roussis. The MaNaPro and ECMNP conferences have triennial and biennial frequencies, respectively. Since its first edition, the ECMNP has been set in the alternating years of the Gordon Conferences on Marine Natural Products. In 2019, it was the second time, in 44 years, that a joint organization of the MaNaPro and ECMNP meetings occurred. The first joint meeting of the MaNaPro and the ECMNP occurred in 2013 in Galicia, La Toja, Spain, organized by Dr. Carmen Cuevas from PharmaMar. Over the time, there have been 16 editions of the MaNaPro and 11 editions of the ECMNP held in several countries.
- Y.S.Y.D. - You Stay You Demand: User-centered design approach for mobile hospitality applicationPublication . Esteves, Micaela; Pereira, AngelaThe evolution and widespread use of mobile technologies has boosted the hotel industry to develop applications for these devices. Several tourism applications and services for mobile devices have been developed in recent times. However, many of these services are not oriented for hotel guest, rather than these services are more focused on delivering information instead of targeting the specific needs of guests. Based on a study carried out in Portugal by the researchers, were found that the most mobile hotel applications and websites are focused on dreaming, planning and booking stages rather than in experiencing and sharing. Some of these mobile applications are reproduction of websites, which do not bring added value to the guests during their stay. Thus, it was developed the mobile hotel application, You Stay You Demand (Y.S.Y.D.), with a User-Centered Design approach that makes easier the communication between guests and hotel staff for guest satisfaction. During the study were integrated the Nielsen's heuristic evaluation with user testing to assess the usability which created a user-centered interface.