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- STENO? GRAPHY!Publication . Fernandes, Beatriz Martins; Morgado, Aprigio; Gomes, António SilveiraConsidering the scarcity of information and the lack of knowledge regarding stenography –very rarely used or called upon nowadays, both in daily and academic contexts – and given the decreasing number of people who hold this specific knowledge, it becomes increasingly urgent the creation of a relevant archaeological and bibliographic Iberian archive of this almost extinct writing form. This text arose in the context of a master’s degree aiming to study the universe of stenography and its relevance (if any) in contemporary contexts and technologies. To accomplish this, it was crucial to have access to reliable information regarding this writing form. This objective was pursued through a non-interventionist qualitative methodology that included methods such as bibliographic research, literature review and critique, interviews with experts in the field (namely stenographers, teachers, students) and in-depth case studies. In this paper, we present the groundwork that enabled us to gather information about Portuguese shorthand which was of crucial importance to the development of the project. The bibliographic research revealed the existence of several Portuguese shorthand authors. Through in-depth research and a comparative study among various case studies, we observed that each shorthand system exhibited peculiarities, setting it apart from the others. This divergence was attributed to individual authors’ endeavors to revolutionize the field of Portuguese shorthand, striving to establish their methods as the fastest and most effective. Noteworthy distinctions surfaced in areas such as the representation of the stenographic alphabet, the portrayal of numerals in text, the handling of articles, names, abbreviations, and suppressions, among other aspects. None of them provided evidence to determine the official Portuguese shorthand system. However, the interviews conducted revealed that the Martinian System was the official one. They also helped us gain insight into the teaching methods of shorthand employed in class, as well as the layouts students used to enhance writing efficiency.
- EXPANDIR O ACESSO ÀS ARTES: BOAS PRÁTICAS DE AUDIODESCRIÇÃO EM TEMPOS DE CONFINAMENTOPublication . Freire, CarlaA pessoa com deficiência visual vê-se, muitas vezes, privada do acesso à arte e à cultura por falta de medidas de acessibilidade que permitam a fruição deste tipo de serviços e/ou produtos. A pandemia por COVID-19 veio a transformar o mundo como o conhecíamos: as exigências derivadas dos sucessivos confinamentos, obrigaram os agentes culturais a reinventarem-se, pensando em novas formas de chegar aos diferentes públicos, o que pode contribuir para a expansão de algumas técnicas de acessibilidade, tais como a audiodescrição, descentralizando, desta forma, o acesso à arte. A audiodescrição é um dos recursos que pode contribuir para a fruição da cultura e que consiste numa técnica de acessibilidade que permite “transformar” as imagens em palavras, de forma que as pessoas com deficiência visual possam conhecer e compreender o mundo imagético que as rodeia e ao qual, normalmente, não têm acesso. Esta técnica ainda não é conhecida por todas as pessoas o que pode dificultar a expansão deste recurso e respetiva implementação. Desta forma, urge dar a conhecer o que é a audiodescrição para que mais agentes culturais a possam vir a utilizar e mais pessoas com deficiência visual possam usufruir dela. Assim, é importante divulgar exemplos de boas práticas que permitam levar a arte à casa das pessoas. O presente trabalho tem como intuito promover a reflexão sobre as potencialidades de acesso que possam ter surgido em épocas de confinamento por COVID-19 e apresentar exemplos de boas práticas de disponibilização das artes considerando a pessoa com deficiência visual.
- CARTAS DE AMORPublication . Baraona, IsabelTexto sobre postais e edições afins como projetos artísticos. Cartas de amor é o título de um projeto artístico iniciado há dez anos, mas ainda em desenvolvimento, que implica a produção e o envio de postais a um grande número de pessoas.
- Arte e Visualidades Sobre Corpo e Lugar: Saber Tradicional Ameríndio e Experiências Transmetodológicas Entre Brasil e PortugalPublication . Dilva, Marcelo Rodrigo da; Wielewicki, Fabiana Feronha; Luzio, TeresaEste artigo relata a experiência didática, pedagógica e interdisciplinar no estudo das visualidades sobre corpo e lugar, envolvendo os componentes curriculares de Fotografia, Cinema e Performance dos cursos de Jornalismo e Artes Visuais de instituições de ensino superior no Amazonas, Brasil, e nas Caldas da Rainha, em Portugal. Sob uma perspectiva transmetodológica (MALDONADO, 2012), reflete-se sobre os sentidos e linguagens experimentais desenvolvidos pelos estudantes e professores, de forma híbrida (presencial e remotamente), durante o primeiro semestre de 2022 e que têm como referência estudos ancorados no saber tradicional ameríndio (KOPENAWA e ALBERT, 2015; CASTRO, 2017) e nos sentidos cosmológicos relacionados às visualidades, mais especificamente à luminescência.
- Recent Developments in Non-Conventional Welding of MaterialsPublication . Leal, Rui M.; Galvão, IvanWelding is one of the technological fields with the greatest impact in many industries, such as automotive, aerospace, energy production, electronics, the health sector, etc. Welding technologies are currently used to join the most diverse materials, from metallic alloys to polymers, composites, or even biological tissues. Despite the relevance and wide application of traditional welding technologies, these processes do not meet the demanding requirements of some industries. This has driven strong research efforts in nonconventional welding processes, such as laser welding, ultrasonic welding, impact welding, friction stir welding (FSW), diffusion welding, and many other welding technologies. Important studies have been recently developed all over the world on the application of these processes to the joining of cutting-edge materials and material combinations, enabling the production of joints with improved properties. Thus, this Special Issue presents a sample of the most recent developments in the non-conventional welding of materials, which will drive the design of future industrial solutions with increased efficiency and sustainability
- Copper/Stainless Steel Friction Stir Spot Welds—Feasibility and Microstructural AnalysisPublication . Taborda, Diogo; Leal, Rui M.; Morgado, Teresa; Leitão, Carlos; Galvão, IvanThe possibility of using solid-state joining technologies, such as friction stir welding (FSW) and its variants, to perform dissimilar joints is one of the well know advantages of this class of processes, namely because they are impossible to be produced by other conventional welding processes due to the evident differences in physical and chemical properties of both materials. Relevant advances have been made over the last 20 years in this field. The material pairs that are mostly addressed in the literature are based on systems involving aluminum alloys and other metallic and non-metallic materials. Indeed, with the upgraded interest in this technology concerning specific engineering applications, some specific material combinations such as aluminum-to-copper (Al-Cu) and aluminumto-ferrous alloys (Al-Fe) have become relevant. However, the research about some material pairs is still scarce or inexistent.
- Joining of Polyethylene Using a Non-Conventional Friction Stir Welding ToolPublication . Pereira, Miguel A. R.; Galvão, Ivan; Costa, José Domingos; Leal, Rui M.; Amaro, Ana M.The objective of the current study was to butt-weld 6 mm-thick polyethylene (PE) plates by friction stir welding (FSW) using a non-conventional stationary shoulder tool. The welds were performed with an unheated shoulder and with a shoulder temperature of 85 C. Additionally, rotational speeds of 870, 1140 and 1500 rpm; welding speeds of 60 and 120 mm/min; and plunge depths of 5.5 and 5.7 mm were used. The influence of these parameters on morphology, hardness, ultimate tensile strength, elongation at break and fracture modes was evaluated. Shoulder heating proved to be crucial for the optimization of PE joints by FSW, as it clearly improved joint efficiency. Furthermore, shoulder heating promoted the reduction in internal and external defects, such as porosity and surface burning. Defect-free weld seams were obtained with higher rotational speeds and a lower welding speed. A maximum joint efficiency of about 97% was achieved with a shoulder temperature of 85 C, a rotational speed of 1500 rpm, a welding speed of 60 mm/min and a plunge depth of 5.7 mm. A weld with the average joint efficiency of 92% was produced at 120 mm/min, which based on the literature found is the highest welding speed reported that achieved a joint efficiency above 90%.
- Joining of Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Polymer Composites by Friction StirWelding—A ReviewPublication . Pereira, Miguel A. R.; Galvão, Ivan; Costa, José Domingos; Amaro, Ana M.; Leal, Rui M.The objective of the current work is to show the potential of the friction stir welding (FSW) and its variants to join fibre-reinforced thermoplastic polymer (FRTP) composites. To accomplish that, the FSW technique and two other important variants, the friction stir spot welding (FSSW) and the refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW), are presented and explained in a brief but complete way. Since the joining of FRTP composites by FSSW has not yet been demonstrated, the literature review will be focused on the FSW and RFSSW techniques. In each review, the welding conditions and parameters studied by the different authors are presented and discussed, as well as the most important conclusions taken from them. About FSW, it can be concluded that the rotational speed and the welding speed have great influence on heat generation, mixture quality, and fibre fragmentation degree, while the tilt angle only has residual influence on the process. The reduction of internal and external defects can be achieved by adjusting axial force and plunge depth. Threaded or grooved conical pins achieved better results than other geometries. Stationary shoulder tools showed better performance than conventional tools. Regarding the RFSSW, it has not yet been possible to deepen conclusions about most of the welding parameters, but its feasibility is demonstrated.
- A new species of scops-owl (Aves, Strigiformes, Strigidae, Otus) from Príncipe Island (Gulf of Guinea, Africa) and novel insights into the systematic affinities within OtusPublication . Melo, Martim; Freitas, Bárbara; Verbelen, Philippe; da Costa, Sátiro R.; Pereira, Hugo; Fuchs, Jérôme; Sangster, George; Correia, Marco N.; de Lima, Ricardo F.; Crottini, AngelicaA new species of scops-owl (Aves, Strigiformes, Strigidae, Otus) is described from Príncipe Island, São Tomé and Príncipe (Gulf of Guinea, Africa). This species was discovered for science in 2016, although suspicions of its occurrence gained traction from 1998, and testimonies from local people suggesting its existence could be traced back to 1928. Morphometrics, plumage colour and pattern, vocalisations, and molecular evidence all support the species status of the scops-owl from Príncipe, which is described here as Otus bikegila sp. nov. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that this species descended from the first colonisation of the Gulf of Guinea islands, being sister to the clade including the mainland African Scops-Owl O. senegalensis, and the island endemics Sao Tome Scops-Owl O. hartlaubi and Pemba Scops-Owl O. pembaensis. The most diagnostic trait in the field is its unique call which, curiously, is most similar to a distantly related Otus species, the Sokoke Scops-Owl O. ireneae. The new species occurs at low elevations of the old-growth native forest of Príncipe, currently restricted to the south of the island but fully included within Príncipe Obô Natural Park. Otus bikegila sp. nov. takes the number of single-island endemic bird species of Príncipe to eight, further highlighting the unusually high level of bird endemism for an island of only 139 km2.
- Participatory Co-design: Approaches to Enable People Living with Challenging Health Conditions to Participate in Design ResearchPublication . Neves, S.; Macdonald, A.; Poole, M.; Dening, K. HarrisonAbstract People are living longer and are affected by challenging chronic, lifestyleand age-related conditions such as dementia and stroke. The increasing number of people living with challenging health conditions highlights social concerns and their implications for the successful delivery of healthcare services. Research on improving dementia care [Alzheimer’s Disease International (2016) World Alzheimer Report 2016: Improving healthcare for people living with dementia: coverage, quality and costs now and in the future. Alzheimer’s Disease International, London] shows a need to involve people living with dementia, their families, and health and social care professionals when designing improvements to their healthcare services. In addition, involving patients recovering from stroke in discussions about rehabilitation services has been considered important to enable making decisions that better address their health care needs [Kristensen HK, Tistad M, Koch LV, Ytterberg C (2016) The importance of patient involvement in stroke rehabilitation. PLOS One 11(6). 10.1371/journal.pone.0157149]. This paper presents two case studies of a participatory co-design approach used to engage people; (a) living with dementia, and (b) recovering from stroke in design research, where co-design-led methods were used to enable participation. The paper describes the importance of each of the roles of—and relationships between—individuals involved in the participatory co-design research process and how people living with challenging health conditions are enabled to participate in a form of three-way relationship. It discusses lessons learned, reflections and recommendations for a new collaborative model for people living with challenging health conditions engagement to enable a more equal and reciprocal partnership for participation in design research into healthcare improvements.
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