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Association between dietary intake and the expression of clock genes in adults: a brief report
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| The original version has been updated, have a correction (Published 21 January 2026). | 541.64 KB | Adobe PDF | ||
| Correction published 21 January 2026. | 76.19 KB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Background: The circadian system regulates several physiological processes, including energy metabolism, through the expression of core clock genes. Animal studies suggest that dietary composition can influence circadian gene expression; however, evidence in humans remains limited. Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between dietary macronutrient intake and the expression of circadian clock genes in the whole blood of adults with distinct metabolic profiles. Methods: Nineteen adults (94.7% female; 43.4 ± 16.05 years) were categorized into healthy-weight and overweight/obesity groups based on BMI. Dietary intake was assessed using a 3-day food diary, and clock gene expression (CLOCK, BMAL1, PER2, CRY) was evaluated in whole blood samples collected between 08:00 a.m. and 04:00 p.m. Statistical analyses included group comparisons and correlation analyses between macronutrient intake and gene expression. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in the clock gene expression between BMI groups, although group-level trends were noted, particularly in PER2 and CRY expression. The overweight/obesity group exhibited a significantly higher percentage of energy intake from protein. Correlation analyses revealed several time-dependent associations between macronutrient intake and clock gene expression. Notably, in the healthy BMI group, BMAL1 and CRY expression correlated with lipid and protein intake, while in the overweight/obesity group, CLOCK expression was strongly associated with both lipid and carbohydrate intake. Conclusion: These findings suggest that macronutrient composition may influence peripheral circadian gene expression in a time- and BMI-dependent manner. Further research is necessary to confirm these associations in larger and more diverse populations and to investigate the potential for chrononutrition strategies to support metabolic health.
Descrição
Article number - 1663559
Article number (correction) - 1747601
The original version of this article have a correction (Published 21 January 2026) A Correction on Association between dietary intake and the expression of clock genes in adults: a brief report by Lages, M., Barros, R., Ferreira-Marques, M., Correia, J., Caseiro, A., Guarino, M. P., and Carmo-Silva, S. (2025). Front. Nutr. 12:1663559. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1663559 There was an error in the last sentence of the section Results, Paragraph One: The sentence read as “ No significant differences were found in skeletal muscle mass or waist circumference.” The corrected paragraph appears below. “This observational study included 19 participants (94.7% female) with a mean age of 43.4 ± 16.05 years (min: 20 years; max: 69 years). Participants were clustered according to their BMI into the healthy group and the overweight/obesity group. The overweight/obesity group showed significantly more comorbidities (p < 0.001) and higher BMI, fat mass, waist circumference and visceral adipose tissue (p < 0.01) (Table 1). Lipid profiles also differed significantly, with the overweight/obesity group showing higher total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides (p < 0.05), but no difference in HDL-C (p = 0.912). No significant differences were found in skeletal muscle mass and glucose levels.” The original version of this article has been updated.
The authors would like to thank the nursing staff for their valuable assistance with blood sample collection and the undergraduate students from the Bachelor’s in Dietetics and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic University of Leiria and from the Bachelor in Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, for their dedicated support in data collection
The original version of this article have a correction (Published 21 January 2026) A Correction on Association between dietary intake and the expression of clock genes in adults: a brief report by Lages, M., Barros, R., Ferreira-Marques, M., Correia, J., Caseiro, A., Guarino, M. P., and Carmo-Silva, S. (2025). Front. Nutr. 12:1663559. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1663559 There was an error in the last sentence of the section Results, Paragraph One: The sentence read as “ No significant differences were found in skeletal muscle mass or waist circumference.” The corrected paragraph appears below. “This observational study included 19 participants (94.7% female) with a mean age of 43.4 ± 16.05 years (min: 20 years; max: 69 years). Participants were clustered according to their BMI into the healthy group and the overweight/obesity group. The overweight/obesity group showed significantly more comorbidities (p < 0.001) and higher BMI, fat mass, waist circumference and visceral adipose tissue (p < 0.01) (Table 1). Lipid profiles also differed significantly, with the overweight/obesity group showing higher total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides (p < 0.05), but no difference in HDL-C (p = 0.912). No significant differences were found in skeletal muscle mass and glucose levels.” The original version of this article has been updated.
The authors would like to thank the nursing staff for their valuable assistance with blood sample collection and the undergraduate students from the Bachelor’s in Dietetics and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic University of Leiria and from the Bachelor in Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, for their dedicated support in data collection
Palavras-chave
Chrononutrition Circadian Clock genes Diet Obesity
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Lages M, Barros R, Ferreira-Marques M, Correia J, Caseiro A, Guarino MP and Carmo-Silva S (2025) Association between dietary intake and the expression of clock genes in adults: a brief report. Front. Nutr. 12:1663559. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1663559
Lages M, Barros R, Ferreira-Marques M, Correia J, Caseiro A, Guarino MP and Carmo-Silva S (2026) Correction: Association between dietary intake and the expression of clock genes in adults: a brief report. Front. Nutr. 13:1747601. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1747601
Lages M, Barros R, Ferreira-Marques M, Correia J, Caseiro A, Guarino MP and Carmo-Silva S (2026) Correction: Association between dietary intake and the expression of clock genes in adults: a brief report. Front. Nutr. 13:1747601. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1747601
Editora
Frontiers Media