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The Arabic Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2 (GAD-2): Psychometric evaluation among mothers of children with intellectual disabilities
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Introduction
Disruptive behaviours of children with intellectual disabilities predispose mothers to mental and physical morbidities, leading to caregiving burnout, lower childcare quality, and poor child progress.
Methods
This cross-sectional study investigated the psychometrics of the Arabic version of the Generalised Anxiety Disorder 2-item scale (GAD-2) among 85 Saudi mothers of children with intellectual disabilities through latent variable model and receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses.
Results
The unidimensional GAD-2 demonstrated good construct validity, invariance at the configural, metric, and scalar levels across age groups, and adequate convergent/divergent validity—It was negatively predicted by high mood and happiness and positively predicted by stress, and it mediated the effect of stress and happiness on depression. Its known-group validity was determined by elevated anxiety levels among mothers using psychotropic drugs. Two cut-offs (≥2.5 and ≥3.5) flagged the best trade-off between sensitivity and specificity for predicting low mood, poor sleep quality, nightmares, high stress, low general physical health, and willingness to join a psychological support program. The positive predictive value for the cut-off ≥3.5 was higher for all outcomes than that of the cut-off ≥2.5.
Discussion
The GAD-2 is a valid and reliable tool, which at thresholds ≥3.5 can identify anxious mothers, aiding early diagnosis and intervention.
Descrição
Acknowledgments: The researchers would like to thank the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at Qassim University for financial support.
Palavras-chave
Generalised Anxiety Disorder 2-item scale/GAD-2 psychometrics/validation receiver operator characteristic curve/ROC/cut-off score/cut-off point mothers/children with mental disabilities low mood/stress/sleep/nightmares/physical health Arabic/Saudi
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Ali, A. M., Al-Dossary, S. A., Fekih-Romdhane, F., Laranjeira, C., Khatatbeh, H., El-Gazar, H. E., … Zoromba, M. A. (2026). The Arabic Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2 (GAD-2): Psychometric evaluation among mothers of children with intellectual disabilities. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 28(1), 207–217. https://doi.org/10.1080/19585969.2026.2650296
Editora
Taylor and Francis