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- Qualidade de vida e saúde em uma perspectiva interdisciplinarPublication . Missias-Moreira, Ramon; Patiño, Donovan Casas; Laranjeira, Carlos AntónioO conceito e a aplicabilidade de qualidade de vida têm evoluído no cenário mundial a partir da década de sessenta, através de diferentes instrumentos de medida. Destaca-se na área das ciências o maior impulso, que se deu na década de noventa, quando a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde ganhou mais visibilidade, a começar pelos grandes estudos de especialistas referenciados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. Frente a isso, a incorporação de parâmetros de avaliação da qualidade de vida, considerada um indicador multidimensional num marco social e cultural determinado, passou a constituir importante elemento para a tomada de decisão e avaliação do setor. Nesta coleção, intitulada “Qualidade de vida e Saúde em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar”, são discutidas temáticas que abordam a singularidade do indivíduo e se estendem até as políticas públicas em diferentes contextos de saúde-doença e suas interações. É sob essa perspectiva que os capítulos aqui expostos descrevem o percurso histórico do entendimento da saúde da população brasileira em diferentes condições de doenças e agravos que abarcam desde processos fisiológicos, como o envelhecimento, até condições de enfermidades de interesse público em sua interface com a qualidade de vida. Essas obras são continuação e ampliação das discussões iniciadas na coleção anterior “Qualidade de vida e condições de saúde de diversas populações”, que fora idealizada pelo Prof. Dr. Ramon Missias-Moreira. O trabalho minucioso e delicado, refletido na maneira como os organizadores e autores descrevem suas experiências em grupos e em pesquisas, favorece uma leitura prazerosa que incita à reflexão acerca da abordagem multiprofissional, interdisciplinar e do enfoque operacional para o campo de suas práticas.
- SPACEE Protocol: “Spiritual Care Competence” in PAlliative Care Education and PracticE: Mixed-Methods Research in the Development of Iberian GuidelinesPublication . Laranjeira, Carlos; Benito, Enric; Dixe, Maria dos Anjos; Dones, Monica; Specos, Marcela; Querido, AnaSpiritual care requires understanding the spiritual experiences of patients and recognizing their resources and needs. Therefore, educators and practitioners should develop their knowledge and understanding in this regard. Spiritual care helps people overcome their anxieties, worries, and suffering; reduces stress; promotes healing; and encourages patients to find inner peace. To provide comprehensive and appropriate care while upholding human/ethical virtues, the spiritual dimension must be a priority. We aim to develop spiritual care competence guidelines for Palliative Care (PC) education and practice in Portugal and Spain. The study detailed in this protocol paper will include three phases. In phase I, the phenomenon will be characterized and divided into two tasks: (1) a concept analysis of “spiritual care competence”; and (2) a systematic review of interventions or strategies used to integrate spiritual care in PC education and practice. Phase II will entail a sequential explanatory approach (online survey and qualitative interviews) to deepen understanding of the perceptions and experiences of educators, practitioners, and patients/family carers regarding spiritual care in PC education and practice and generate ideas for the next steps. Phase III will comprise a multi-phased, consensus-based approach to identify priority areas of need as decided by a group of experts. Results will be used to produce guidelines for integrating spirituality and spiritual care competence within PC education and practice and synthesized in a white book for PC professionals. The value of this improved examination of spiritual care competence will ultimately depend on whether it can inform the development and implementation of tailored educational and PC services. The project will promote the ‘spiritual care’ imperative, helping practitioners and patients/family carers in their preparedness for End-of-Life care, as well as improving curricular practices in this domain.
- Promoting ecological hope as an antidote for eco-emotions and earth-related mental syndromesPublication . Laranjeira, Carlos; Marujo, Helena Águeda; Charepe, Zaida; Querido, AnaIn this opinion paper, the authors discuss the impact of the climate crisis in the field of mental health, which has generated widespread clusters of eco-emotions and so-called ‘psychoterratic’ syndromes [i.e., Earth-related mental syndromes] (Ágoston et al., 2022; Cianconi et al., 2023; Stanley et al. 2021). We then consider how ecological hope can be seen as the current manifestation of the responsibility and reconciliation between humans and our common home: earth. Restoring habitats and biological communities is urgent, and we must foster both the well-being of the earth and humanity through ecological restoration. We end by outlining practical steps to promote ecological hope in education for sustainable development.
- Death Unpreparedness Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Concept AnalysisPublication . Costeira, Cristina; Dixe, Maria dos Anjos; Querido, Ana; Rocha, Ana; Vitorino, Joel; Santos, Cátia; Laranjeira, CarlosThe COVID-19 pandemic imposed changes upon the capacity of healthcare systems, with significant repercussions on healthcare provision, particularly at end-of-life. This study aims to analyze the concept map of death unpreparedness due to the COVID-19 pandemic, capturing the relationships among the attributes, antecedents, consequences, and empirical indicators. Walker and Avant’s method was used to guide an analysis of this concept. A literature search was performed systematically, between May 2022 and August 2023, using the following electronic databases on the Elton Bryson Stephens Company (EBSCO) host platform: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Psychological Information Database (PsycINFO), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Complete, Cochrane Library, and Nursing and Allied Health Collection. Thirty-four articles were retrieved. The unexpected and unpredictable impositions associated with inexperience and unskillfulness in dealing with COVID-19 configured challenges for healthcare professionals, family/caregivers, and even the dying person. Nine key attributes emerged in three main domains: (1) Individual: (a) disease-related conditions, (b) separation distress, and (c) scarcity of death and grief literacy; (2) Relational: (a) Dying alone, (b) poor communication, and (c) existential issues; and (3) Contextual: (a) disrupted collective mourning and grieving, (b) disrupted compassionate care and, (c) pandemic social stigma. This study contributed a full definition of death unpreparedness in a global pandemic scenario such as COVID-19. In this sense, feeling unprepared or unready for death brought new challenges to the bioecological resources of those affected. It is essential to embrace strategies capable of providing emotional and spiritual support in the dying process and to respect patient wishes. The lessons learned from COVID-19 should be applied to events with a comparable impact to minimize their consequences.
- Assertiveness Training of Novice Psychiatric Nurses: A Necessary ApproachPublication . Laranjeiro, Carlos António; Querido, Ana IsabelThe statement “assertiveness is both a skill and a choice” is a popular expression in nursing. Being assertive is a core communication skill, which can be learned like many other skills. Appropriate communication skills are critical for novice psychiatric nurses, helping them develop competency for acute care and recovery. The notion of assertiveness has been extensively used in the nursing literature and has been established as a key approach for avoiding adverse occurrences in health care, boosting patient safety (Omura, Levett-Jones & Stone, 2019). Lazarus (1973, cited in Pipas & Jaradat, 2010) identified specific classes of assertive responses, namely the ability to deny a client’s requests, to make requests of the client, to express positive and negative feelings, and to initiate and hold a conversation.
- “Feeling Trapped in Prison” Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perceptions and Practices among Healthcare Workers and Prison Staff from a Brazilian Maximum Security UnitPublication . Baccon, Wanessa Cristina; Salci, Maria Aparecida; Carreira, Lígia; Gallo, Adriana Martins; Marques, Francielle Renata Danielli Martins; Laranjeira, CarlosThe COVID-19 pandemic had several repercussions on prison staff, but the currently available evidence has mainly ignored these effects. This qualitative study aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 on the prison system through the narratives of health and security professionals, using the methodological framework of the constructivist grounded theory proposed by Charmaz. The sample included 10 healthcare workers and 10 security professionals. Data collection took place between October and November 2022 through individual in-depth interviews. The data were analyzed using the MaxQDA software. Three categories of interrelated data emerged: (1) “Confrontation and disruption” caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the prison system; (2) “Between disinfodemic and solicitude” referring to the tension between information management and the practice of care centered on the needs of inmates; and, finally, (3) “Reorganization and mitigation strategies during the fight against COVID-19”. Continuous education and the development of specific skills are essential to enable professionals to face the challenges and complex demands that arise in prison contexts. The daily routines professionals had previously taken for granted were disrupted by COVID-19. Thus, investing in adequate training and emotional support programs is crucial to promote the resilience and well-being of these professionals, ensuring an efficient and quality response to critical events.
- Entrevista MotivacionalPublication . Tomás, Catarina; Valentim, Olga; Laranjeira, Carlos; Querido, Ana
- Meanings and Experiences of Prisoners and Family Members Affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Brazilian Prison Unit: A Grounded Theory AnalysisPublication . Baccon, Wanessa Cristina; Salci, Maria Aparecida; Carreira, Lígia; Gallo, Adriana Martins; Marques, Francielle Renata Danielli Martins; Paiano, Marcelle; Baldissera, Vanessa Denardi Antoniassi; LARANJEIRA, C.Worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic represented a health emergency for prisons. This study sought to understand the meanings and experiences through the narratives of prisoners and family members affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of a maximum-security state penitentiary complex in southern Brazil. For this purpose, a qualitative study was developed based on the methodological framework of constructivist grounded theory. Data were collected between February and August 2022 through individual in-depth interviews and field notes. The sample consisted of 41 participants: 28 male prisoners, and 13 family members. Guided by the Charmaz method of grounded theory analysis, the study afforded the core category “Feeling trapped in prison during the COVID-19 pandemic” with three interrelated phases: “Triggering”, “Escalating”, and “Readjustment”. The “Triggering” phase refers to COVID-19-related elements or events that triggered certain reactions, processes, or changes in prison. During the “Escalating” phase, participants became overwhelmed by the suffering caused by incarceration and the pandemic crisis. The “Readjustment” phase involved adapting, reorienting, or reformulating previous approaches or strategies for dealing with a specific situation. Prisons faced complex challenges during the pandemic and were forced to prioritize protecting public health. However, the measures adopted must be carefully evaluated, ensuring their needs and that they are based on scientific evidence. The punitive approach can undermine inmate trust in prison authorities, making it difficult to report symptoms and adhere to preventive measures. © 2023 by the authors.
- Compassionate engagement of communities in support of palliative and end-of-life care: challenges in post-pandemic eraPublication . Vitorino, Joel Vieira; Duarte, Beatriz Veiga; Ali, Amira Mohammed; Laranjeira, CarlosOver the years, humanity has faced various global crises of different kinds that have caused great suffering in the community, such as wars, slavery, torture or the Holocaust, but also climate change, economic crises, or sanitary disasters. The recent pandemic posed a barrier to palliative and End-of-Life (EoL) care, as the need for physical distance made it difficult to retain essential human interactions while minimizing the risk of viral transmission. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the robustness of supportive networks (i.e., family, friends, neighbors, and community members) determined whether someone experienced a calm death at home or an unnecessary hospital admission, labeled as an ‘emergency’. In this vein, active establishment and strengthening of such networks are the foundation of compassionate community efforts. Firstly, providing both physical and emotional support to the entire network of caregivers enhances their ability to care for others and improves the overall experience of death, including the process of dying and the ensuing bereavement period. Furthermore, individuals can enhance their own physical and mental health by practicing compassion. The ability of networks to withstand and recover from physical and emotional challenges, while maintaining strong and supportive relationships among its members, depends on the health and overall well-being of those members. Therefore, we argue that active community participation and death education can strengthen a community’s capacity to assist people facing death, dying, and bereavement.
- Digital Storytelling: Art-Based Pedagogy to Improve Professional Development for NursesPublication . Laranjeira, Carlos; Carvalho, Paula; Querido, AnaDigital storytelling (DST) is a collaborative and participatory art-based approach based on experiential narratives. This column provides strategies and tips for using DST. As part of continuing education, DST training should provide information about health care experiences to enhance learning for nurses. The use of DST can foster self-knowledge and professional identity.