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Happiness Measured by a Single Item: Psychometric Evaluation of the Arabic Version of Fordyce Global Happiness Scale Among University Students and Mothers of Children With Intellectual Disabilities
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Objectives: Aiming to validate the Fordyce Global Happiness Scale in Arabic, this cross‐sectional study recruited two conve-nience Saudi samples of 422 university students and 85 mothers of children with intellectual disabilities.Methods: Among students, a latent variable model was used to examine scale convergent/divergent validity relative to lifesatisfaction and depressive symptomatology. Scale cutoffs were assessed in the two samples through cluster analyses and ROCanalysis. Differences in happiness were evaluated between mothers and students and across student groups of gender, academicdegree, and type of study (practical vs. theoretical).Results: The latent variable model expressed good fit, showing satisfaction with life and positive affect as significant positivepredictors of happiness, which was inversely associated with somatic complaints and negative affect. Two‐step cluster analysisresulted in a two‐cluster solution, which revealed three cutoffs (among students: < 5, 5–8, > 8 and among mothers: < 4, 4–8, >8), which significantly classified the samples according to the levels of happiness into low/mild, moderate, and high. ROCanalysis revealed an optimal cutoff of 4.5 with high sensitivity (100%) and acceptable specificity (74% and 62%) among studentsand mothers, respectively. The highest and lowest levels of all depressive symptoms were noticed in participants with happinessscores (< 4.5 or < 5) and > 8, respectively. Known‐group validity was signaled by lower overall happiness scores in the mothersample relative to university students.Conclusions: Fordyce Global Happiness Scale captures happiness as a distinct construct, which relates to the cognitive andemotional components of well‐being and physical symptoms of psychopathology.
Descrição
Article number: e70079
Acknowledgments The research has been supported by Scientific Research Deanship at University of Ha'il, Saudi Arabia through project number `RG‐23195`. No Generative AI was used in the preparation of this manuscript.
Acknowledgments The research has been supported by Scientific Research Deanship at University of Ha'il, Saudi Arabia through project number `RG‐23195`. No Generative AI was used in the preparation of this manuscript.
Palavras-chave
arab/Arabic/saudi depression/negative affect/somatic complaints fordyce global happiness scale/fordyce emotion questionnaire subjective wellbeing/positive affect/satisfaction with life university students/postgraduates/undergraduate students validation/psychometrics/convergent validity/ divergent validity/Two‐Step cluster analysis/k‐means cluster analysis/cutoff score
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Ali, A. M., Al-Dossary, S. A., Fekih-Romdhane, F., Atout, M., Fakhrou, A., Suliman, M. M. H., Gaballa, A. S. M., Zayed, A. M. A., Hallit, S., & Laranjeira, C. (2026). Happiness Measured by a Single Item: Psychometric Evaluation of the Arabic Version of Fordyce Global Happiness Scale Among University Students and Mothers of Children With Intellectual Disabilities. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 35(2), Artigo e70079. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.70079
Editora
Wiley