MARE - Comunicações em conferência com publicação em atas
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- XVI International Symposium on Marine Natural Products|XI European Conference on Marine Natural ProductsPublication . Pedrosa, Rui; Gaudêncio, Susana P.; Vasconcelos, VitorThe International Symposium on Marine Natural Products (MaNaPro) happened for the first time in 1975 in the city of Aberdeen, Scotland, organized by Professor Ronald H. Thomson. The European Conference on Marine Natural Products (ECMNP) occurred for the first time in 1997 in Athens, Greece, organized by Professor Vassilios Roussis. The MaNaPro and ECMNP conferences have triennial and biennial frequencies, respectively. Since its first edition, the ECMNP has been set in the alternating years of the Gordon Conferences on Marine Natural Products. In 2019, it was the second time, in 44 years, that a joint organization of the MaNaPro and ECMNP meetings occurred. The first joint meeting of the MaNaPro and the ECMNP occurred in 2013 in Galicia, La Toja, Spain, organized by Dr. Carmen Cuevas from PharmaMar. Over the time, there have been 16 editions of the MaNaPro and 11 editions of the ECMNP held in several countries.
- Seaweed harvesting and aquaculture: an overview of the past 70 yearsPublication . Mouga, TeresaIn the past decades seaweeds consumption changed from traditional uses such as food and fertilizer to other biotechnological applications, boosting a growing economic activity. Therefore, since the end of the Second World War, seaweeds’ aquaculture has been replacing the traditional harvest, accounting for 99.5% of the available biomass in 2020. Nevertheless, in different parts of the globe, this change has happened at different pace. On the other hand, commercial aquaculture only covers a little more than fifteen species, the ones that are economically viable. Asia, notably China, dominates the seaweeds cultivation with over 97.5% and 70% of the market share, respectively. Europe and America are still engaged in the harvesting of wild seaweeds, but this traditional activity has some sustainability implications for the resource. As to Portugal, the activity is still emergent, consistent with little interest among the population in consuming seaweeds. The ongoing investment in research and in the development of pilot scale farming projects in Europe, America, and parts of Africa, however, are enhancing commercial seaweed aquaculture. We expect that these innovative approaches may soon raise the attractiveness of seaweeds aquaculture outside Asia.
- Pedagogy in digital age after the COVID-19 pandemic: A case study with undergraduate life science studentsPublication . Pais, S.; Bernardino, S.; Pires, A.Technologies are part of the daily lives of young people, especially those who were born in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the so-called "Generation Z", and it is imperative to reflect on what their needs are, how they learn, the role of technologies and the type of pedagogies to adopt. After the generalized lockdown imposed by the Covid19 pandemic, millions of students and teachers faced new challenges as they progressively come back to their face-to-face school activities. Despite all the constraints caused by the pandemic, this is an opportunity to move towards an innovative and transformative educational model for the future, which must avoid sending us back to the negative aspects of past educational practices. During the lockdown, with emergency remote teaching (ERT) being put into practice, the teachers involved in this study were faced with the need to adapt activities and didactic materials to be used remotely. This included the promotion of asynchronous tasks/activities, which could be developed autonomously by students. Technologies have multiple benefits in the field of Education, such as improving student performance and motivation. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are tools that may be used to innovate the way Biochemistry is taught and they may facilitate students' learning. Being aware of these benefits, one of the authors of this work decided to adapt and introduce part of the activities and teaching materials prepared for the ERT, in the face-to-face teaching of her lecture classes after lockdown, more specifically with the use of videos for content development and using an active learning methodology, in which students use their mobile phone or personal laptop to do research and perform mini-assessment tests. To understand how these changes were perceived by the students, a quantitative survey was conducted. The participants in the study are undergraduate students from a Portuguese higher education institution enrolled in the curricular units of Metabolic Biochemistry and Biochemistry I, from the 2nd year, 1st semester of Marine Biology and Biotechnology and Biotechnology degrees, respectively. The didactic approach adopted by the teacher and the activities developed made the learning process more interesting and promoted a more positive attitude towards Biochemistry.
- New applications for Gelidium corneum: Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity within a biorefinery conceptPublication . Mouga, Teresa; Cavaco, Mário; Duarte, Adriana; Correia, Ana Patrícia; Freitas, Marta V.; Bernardino, Susana; Afonso, CléliaThere are more than four hundred endogenous seaweeds that occur in Portugal, and red seaweeds (Rhodophyta) are the most abundant. Among these, Gelidium corneum, common in the Atlantic coast of Portugal, is currently being collected in the wild, in S. Martinho do Porto, exclusively for the extraction of agar. During the summer season this species is harvested from the bottom of the ocean, dried and sold, representing an important economic local activity. Yet, besides agar, this species is important for its bioactivities, namely for its antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities, thus most of the biomass is currently being disregarded as an important marine resource. Therefore, to further research the potential of G. corneum as a source of bioactive compounds, the biomass was seasonally harvested and characterized (protein, ash, moisture), and different extract were made (aqueous and ethanolic). These extracts were analyzed for the antioxidant potential (DDPH, ABTS, TPC and FRAP), and for antimicrobial capacity (against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Staphylococcus epidermidis). Preliminary results show that there are seasonal variations in the chemical composition of the biomass. Extracts tested also show interesting free radical scavenging capacity and antimicrobial activity against some of the strains tested. The attained results demonstrate that the biorefinery concept should be implemented to the agar industry, valuing the seaweeds’ biomass so to allow its use in other industries, such as textiles or cosmetics.
- Producing cyanobacteria to use as biostimulantsPublication . Mouga, Teresa; Simões, Fátima; Moreira, Vitória; Martins, Alice; Ferreira, Carolina; Ramos, Rute; Afonso, CléliaBy 2050, the world’s population will reach about 10 billion people, which will the need for food by about 60% more than is available today. To meet this need, new processes are emerging to allow more efficient and sustainable intensification of agriculture. In this context, the use of biostimulants has received increasing attention, due to their ability to improve plant quality and yield, stress tolerance, and/or improve the availability of nutrients in the soil. When it comes to Cyanobacteria, the preferred ones are N2-fixing species, which increase organic nitrogen in the soil, and produce hygroscopic exopolysaccharides, which alter the distribution of water by reducing soil hydrophobicity. Therefore, they decrease soil evaporation and retain moisture, improving soil stability. Wild strains of filamentous N2 fixing Nostoc 135, Nostoc 136, Nostoc 137, and Anabaena 4, provided by Alga2O Lda., were grown in the laboratory with the aim of selecting those that presented the necessary physiological characteristics to be efficiently grown in the laboratory. Therefore, the growth rate, productivity, and exopolysaccharides (EPS) contents were analysed. The EPS obtained from each strain culture (3% g/L) was applied to lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa), to determine the germination rate, primary root length and number of primary leaves produced. As confirmed by other authors, Cyanobacteria are interesting biostimulants regarding germination rates. Other effects to be tested in the future are heat and drought tolerance, water, nutrients, essential oil, and pigment content, all of which are positive aspects that have been previously reported for other Nostoc and Anabaena species.
- Towards sustainable seaweed production: Optimising the culture of Gracilaria gracilisPublication . Ferreira, Francisco; Freitas, Marta; Cavaco, Mário; Mouga, TeresaGracilaria gracilis is a well-known cultivated seaweed, sought after for its high agar content. For this purpose, it is one of the most cultivated species worldwide. Depending on the biotic and abiotic conditions to which it is exposed, the species also exhibits a very interesting nutritional profile, making it an excellent candidate for use as a food or food supplement. Thus, aiming to improve the productivity and biomass quality, G. gracilis was cultivated under different light conditions and nutrient media, to evaluate the impact of these parameters on the growth rate and the chemical composition of the biomass. Thus, the nutritional profile of the biomass was evaluated. Our results indicate that environmental parameters have a significant impact both on growth and quality of the biomass, affecting the amount of protein, ash, and carbohydrate. The cultivation methods, therefore, significantly affected the quality of the biomass produced. Thus, there is scope to optimise the cultivation of G. gracilis, in order to efficiently produce high quality biomass, enhancing the effective use of resources, particularly nutrients, while producing nutritionally balanced biomass for human consumption.
- Surf: royal sport for the natural kings of earth: uma perspetiva históricaPublication . Nunes, J.M.; Mendes, S.; Jorge, J.P.In recent years, surf has reached such proportions in terms of media coverage and importance in the Portuguese economy such a way that even attracted the government's attention to the phenomenon. This attention was reflected in national strategic documents of the economy of the sea, through the surf tourism. Nowadays Portugal is mentioned as one of the countries with the highest tourist demand for surfing, which is reflected in the increasing availability of products relating to this activity, including hostels, surfcamps and surfschools, among others. As a first introduction we refer to the origin of the word surf, as well as their differentiation relative to the term surfing, some of the modalities that are practiced in the waves, chronologically followed by their origin, history, social issues and decline, with the connection to surf tourism at the beginning of the 20th century proving to be extremely important to your success and rebirth, while economic activity and subsequent development. In the end, globalization, finishing with its arrival in Portugal.
- Höpüpü: surfing stoked on the waves of Peniche. The surfer and the satisfaction with his surf tourism experiencePublication . Nunes, J.M.; Mendes, S.; Jorge, J.P.More recently, surf has acquired an overwhelming dimension, both in terms of media coverage and in terms of economic relevance and direct impact in the communities. The Portuguese situation is a clear reflection of that, especially in Peniche, where this phenomenon is part of strategic documentation related with the “Sea economy”, namely via the so called “Surf Tourism”. Nowadays, Portugal is referred to as one of the most attractive countries as a tourist destination as a whole, but also as a tourist destination of reference when it comes to surfing. Furthermore, Peniche is one of the key locations for these activities, with an increasing range of packages and surf tourism offers, especially taking advantage of their environment, landscape and other characteristics related to nature. The main purpose of this work is to characterize in detail the “surfer/surf tourist” at Peniche and measure his satisfaction with this site as a surf tourism destination. In addition, it is proposed to the “surfer/surf tourist” to evaluate the satisfaction versus the level and quality of surf found. In order to achieve this purpose, a comprehensive survey was produced and conducted. The target was visitors of Peniche that matched to the typical “surfer/surf tourist”, achieving a response rate of 363 individuals. The results obtained and the knowledge produced as an outcome of this investigation lead us to build the profile of the “surfer/surf tourist” visiting Peniche in association with his expectative. Also, the study allowed leveraging policies and strategies directly addressing the expectations of this particular market niche in order to – using a sustainable approach – maximizing the potential of this activity.
- O contributo das redes sociais para o desenvolvimento das Casas de Fado em AlfamaPublication . Simões, Sofia; Mendes, Susana; Carvalho, MárioOs turistas atualmente preferem o uso da internet e das redes sociais para pesquisar informações. O dinamismo dessas redes é uma ferramenta atrativa e de fácil utilização para os turistas. As redes sociais podem ser por isso um fator decisivo para influenciar as escolhas de acordo com a motivação dos turistas. O Fado, para além de ser uma marca de elevada notoriedade, assune-se também como o embaixador de excelência para o reforço da marca Portugal além-fronteiras. Este trabalho de investigação procura entender o contributo das redes sociais para o desenvolvimento das Casas do Fado em Alfama (Lisboa). Foi ainda estudada a intenção dos turistas em compartilhar as suas experiências nas redes sociais. Este trabalho foi estruturado em duas partes: revisão da literatura (1) e a aplicação de uma pesquisa (2) em várias Casas do Fado em Alfama. Assim, a pesquisa (n = 532) procurou perceber se os turistas quando frequentam as Casas de Fado utilizam as redes sociais para compartilhar as suas experiências. Os resultados expuseram algumas lacunas, nomeadamente evidenciaram a importância dos clientes partilharem as suas experiencias contribuindo assim para o aumento da promoção das Casas de Fado. Foi ainda possível observar o potencial das redes sociais para a criação de estratégias potenciando o desenvolvimento das Casas de Fado em Alfama.
- A importância das manifestações culturais para a sustentabilidade dos territórios. Capeia Arraiana: um produto turísticoPublication . Paula, Tomás de; Mendes, Susana; Carvalho, MárioNos territórios do interior de Portugal, com especial foco na região da Raia, a emigração tem sido, ao longo de décadas, a solução para que as gentes possam contrariar o crescente esvaziar de oportunidades e acalentem níveis de vida idênticos aos que vivem nas grandes metrópoles. A emigração é não só uma ameaça para os territórios como contribui de forma inequívoca para a crescente desertificação dos locais. Este cenário é tão mais preocupante quando no ano de 1950 residiam no concelho do Sabugal mais de 40.000 habitantes e em 2015 serão cerca de 11.400 os indivíduos no concelho. A Capeia Arraiana é uma tradição tauromáquica do concelho do Sabugal. Esta tradição anual, única no mundo, representa a lide do touro, com o recurso ao Forcão, objeto em madeira manejado por um grupo de homens. Dada a reconhecida importância do turismo para o desenvolvimento dos territórios foi levado a efeito a presente investigação. A investigação resultou da necessidade de desenvolver um modelo que pudesse não só fixar as gentes no território como contrariar atual desertificação do território. Dado que a Capeia é uma manifestação cultural com elevada importância para as gentes da RAIA e simultaneamente com elevada singularidade e autenticidade procedeu-se à investigação do seu potencial enquanto produto turístico. A investigação iniciou-se com uma revisão bibliográfica para conhecer o estado da arte. Identificado o problema foram desenvolvidas as hipóteses e construída a escala de medição. Foi aplicado um questionário ao público (n=210) que assistia às Capeias. Os resultados permitiram perceber a importância do “Regresso às Origens” para gerar visitas ao Sabugal. A Capeia foi referida por 20,3% dos inquiridos como motivo para visitar a Raia. A Capeia é um produto turístico que no futuro poderá assumir elevado interesse para gerar riqueza e empregabilidade contrariando as atuais ameaças de desertificação do território.
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