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- From Neglect to Progress: Assessing Social Sustainability and Decent Work in the Tourism SectorPublication . Santos, EleonoraMeasuring social sustainability performance involves assessing firms’ implementation of social goals, including working conditions, health and safety, employee relationships, diversity, human rights, community engagement, and philanthropy. The concept of social sustainability is closely linked to the notion of decent work, which emphasizes productive work opportunities with fair income, secure workplaces, personal development prospects, freedom of expression and association, and equal treatment for both genders. However, the tourism sector, known for its significant share of informal labor-intensive work, faces challenges that hinder the achievement of decent work, such as extended working hours, low wages, limited social protection, and gender discrimination. This study assesses the social sustainability of the Portuguese tourism industry. The study collected data from the “Quadros do Pessoal” statistical tables for the years 2010 to 2020 to analyze the performance of Portuguese firms in the tourism sector and compare them with one another and with the overall national performance. The study focused on indicators such as employment, wages, and work accidents. The findings reveal fluctuations in employment and remuneration within the tourism sector and high growth rates in the tourism sector compared to the national average. A persistent gender pay gap is identified, which emphasizes the need to address this issue within the tourism industry. Despite some limitations, such as the lack of comparable data on work quality globally, incomplete coverage of sustainability issues, and challenges in defining and measuring social sustainability indicators, the findings have implications for policy interventions to enhance social sustainability in the tourism industry. By prioritizing decent work, safe working conditions, and equitable pay practices, stakeholders can promote social sustainability, stakeholder relationships, and sustainable competitive advantage. Policymakers are urged to support these principles to ensure the long-term sustainability of the tourism industry and foster a more inclusive and equitable society. This study provides insights for Tourism Management, sustainable Human Resource Management, Development Studies, and organizational research, guiding industry stakeholders in promoting corporate social sustainability, firm survival, and economic growth.
- Game-Based Learning in Higher Education: A Comparative Study In Tourism DegreesPublication . Pais, Sónia; Chagas, Laura; Pires, AnaNew strategies regarding student-centered approaches have emerged in higher education contexts, in order to promote student motivation and engagement towards the learning process. Online quiz platforms such as Kahoot! seem to contribute to the consolidation of learning, particularly through content review. A quantitative survey was conducted among 86 students from a higher education institution offering undergraduate degrees in the area of Tourism, specifically within the subjects of English and Statistical Analysis. Following a consistent application of Kahoot! quizzes in class for reviewing purposes, the survey was implemented in order to allow for an examination of how the students perceived the usage of this game-based learning tool. Results show that most students consider the use of Kahoot! in classes to make learning more challenging and dynamic, while positively contributing to content consolidation.. However, the results obtained evidence that further studies are needed to confirm the effect on the use of Kahoot! in student performance.
- FDI and Firm Productivity: A Comprehensive Review of Macroeconomic and Microeconomic ModelsPublication . Santos, EleonoraThis paper reviews the literature on foreign direct investment (FDI), productivity, and technology upgrading, with a focus on macroeconomic and microeconomic models. It compares the performance of various models used to study FDI and its effects on firms’ productivity, via skill and technology upgrading, offshoring, institutional quality, and other related factors. This review highlights the differences and similarities between macroeconomic and microeconomic models, their empirical strategies, and their ability to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms through which FDI affects productivity and other variables. The empirical literature on the impact of FDI on the productivity of local firms is derived from association studies, which use a neoclassic production function and an augmented Solow-type equation. These models have been shown to be inadequate in capturing the dynamic and complex nature of FDI and the associated externalities, particularly vertical externalities. This paper identifies three criticisms of the literature on pecuniary externalities, including a lack of models that focus specifically on the mechanism of forward linkages, inadequate measures to assess linkage effects, and the failure to include crucial determinant factors in empirical models. Overall, this paper calls for more comprehensive and nuanced models that incorporate the dynamic and complex nature of FDI and its externalities.
- Contributos para a história do desporto no distrito de Leiria: uma análise do jornal Leiria Desportiva (1924-1925)Publication . Ávila, Virgínia Pereira da Silva; Morouço, PedroEste artigo resulta de uma investigação sobre a difusão do desporto em Leiria, capital do distrito homónimo, situada na região centro de Portugal. A análise centra-se no jornal Leiria Desportiva, que circulou brevemente entre 1924 e 1925, tendo sido o primeiro e único dedicado a este tema na cidade durante a Primeira República (1910-1926). Neste período, o desporto torna-se uma atividade popular de grande abrangência no país. Não por acaso, houve um interesse gradual dos leirienses em atividades como futebol, ciclismo, pedestrianismo e atletismo. A metodologia consistiu na leitura e digitalização de 30 edições do semanário, bem como na organização e descrição das modalidades e temas relacionados com o desporto em editoriais. Quanto ao enquadramento teórico, utilizaram-se os estudos de Pinheiro (2011) sobre a história da imprensa desportiva em Portugal, de Pinheiro e Coelho (2012) sobre Desporto, República e Imprensa em Portugal e também de Gonçalves (2000), que trata do desporto amador em Leiria, na primeira metade do século XX. Não há informações sobre as razões que levaram ao encerramento do jornal, no entanto, na sua curta existência, procurou pautar os editoriais pela independência e crítica em relação à organização, em particular, do futebol na cidade. O jornal esteve também atento às discussões sobre educação física, educação, higiene e imprensa desportiva que ocorriam noutros países do continente europeu. Certamente, novos estudos possibilitariam avançar sobre o lugar ocupado pelo desporto na imprensa regional ao longo do século XX.
- Enhancing Nature-Based Solutions: Efficient Removal of Hydroxytyrosol in Olive Mill Wastewater Treatment for Value CreationPublication . Faraloni, Cecilia; Touloupakis, Eleftherios; Santos, EleonoraThis study aimed to investigate the potential use of the microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana and Scenedesmus quadricauda for the bioremediation of olive mill wastewater (OMW), which is a major environmental issue and a waste product of olive oil production. The study investigated the effects of different dilutions (10% and 50%) of OMW on the growth of the microalgae and their ability to remove the phenolic component hydroxytyrosol (OH-Tyr) and enhance their antioxidant properties. The results indicated that, although the growth on OMW was not enhanced, both microalgae strains were able to remove OH-Tyr from OMW, with Chlorella sorokiniana showing higher removal efficiency than Scenedesmus quadricauda. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of the microalgal extracts increased after 96 h of exposure to OMW. These findings suggest that microalgae-based treatment of OMW could be a promising approach for the bioremediation of this waste product and the production of value-added products. Overall, the use of microalgae for the treatment of OMW could provide a sustainable solution for the management of this waste product while generating potential economic benefits for olive producers.
- Comparative analysis of the implementation and development of personal assistance in Portugal and Spain. A View from Social WorkPublication . Riobóo-Lois, Breogán; Maurício, Cezarina; Vicente, José Duque
- Industry 4.0 Machine-to-Machine Communication Protocols and Architectures on the Shop FloorPublication . Cavalcanti, Marcella; Costelha, Hugo; Neves, CarlosThe concept of Industry 4.0 and the introduction of the Internet of Things (IoT) on industrial applications, known as Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), have been changing the scenario of industrial automation. This new paradigm is expected to optimize industrial processes, increase productivity, lower costs and improve operations integration. For that, structured Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication is key to ensure agility, interoperability and reliability, with several solutions currently available in the literature and in industry. This paper reviews the state of the art on industrial communication protocols and architectures, providing a classification and comparison of these different solutions based on their most relevant features in the context of Industry 4.0.
- Sustainability study of limestone quarry waste into value-added products: PCC and GCCPublication . Monteiro, S. M. C. S.; Jorge, Muanassa; Heleno, M. L.; Oliveira, N. S.; Alves, M. L.; Veiga, A.; Silva, A.Calcium carbonate can be obtained naturally from limestone, chalk, marble, and other sedimentary rock forms. Ground calcium carbonate (GCC) and precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) are two materials that can be produced from natural calcium carbonate. The future of GCC and PCC is promising since they are linked to industries with high demand, such as packaging, building & construction, transportation, and industrial applications, with an expected compound annual growth rate higher than 4% until 2027. This research focuses on the production of GCC and PCC through a comparative analysis that identifies the macro conditions that become advantageous to produce and commercialising PCC in a quarry context. This allows a valorisation of the limestone waste resulting from the extraction operations, converting it into by-products of the process. Not all existing limestone quarries in the Serra de Aire e Candeeiros region are suitable sources of raw material to produce PCC. The five extraction poles were identified with the potential for extracting suitable raw materials, associated with several companies dedicated to the extraction operation in these quarries.
- Qualitative analysis of the limestone waste potential from the Serra de Aire e Candeeiros quarriesPublication . Monteiro, S. M. C. S.; Jorge, Muanassa; Oliveira, N. S.; Alves, M.L.; Veiga, A.; Silva, A.The mountains of Aires and Candeeiros are part of the Maciço Calcário Estremenho where the landscape is predominantly made up of limestone. The limestone explored in the region has been the driver of social and cultural development, contributing significantly to the local economy. This emerging concern has motivated public and private organisations to develop solutions to improve the sector's sustainability. The present work aims to evaluate the limestone waste potential to produce precipitated (PCC) and ground (GCC) calcium carbonate in the region by surveying the local extraction industries that fulfil the defined minimum requirements to produce high quality PCC and GCC. The results allowed to stablish an estimate of the amount of waste resulting from the extraction process. The conversion of these wastes into PCC or GCC constitutes a possibility of recovery into by-products, allowing use in noble and profitable applications and contributing to the circular economy and the sustainability of the sector.
- “Direitos Humanos e Educação”: teoria e práxis em contexto educativo – relato de uma experiência no Ensino Superior em PortugalPublication . Monteiro, Susana Sardinha; Sousa, JennyEducar para os direitos humanos e para a cidadania constitui o propósito central da unidade curricular de Direitos Humanos e Educação, inserida no 1.º ano da Licenciatura em Educação Social da Escola Superior de Educação e Ciências Sociais (ESECS) do Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal. Pretende-se promover o conhecimento do que são os direitos humanos, do seu significado, dos valores e princípios enformadores, dos principais instrumentos jurídicos que os proclamam e protegem, bem como da sua importância e incidência em contextos genéricos e específicos, neste particular: contextos educativos e sociais. Visa-se contribuir para a formação de pessoas responsáveis, autónomas, solidárias, que conhecem e exercem os seus direitos e deveres, em diálogo e no respeito pelos outros. Pretende-se, neste texto, discorrer sobre a teoria e a práxis na lecionação da unidade curricular de Direitos Humanos e Educação, com especial enfoque no respetivo processo de ensino-aprendizagem.