CDRsp - Comunicações em conferências internacionais
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- Optimization of Scaffolds in Alginate for Biofabrication by Genetic AlgorithmsPublication . Rezende, Rodrigo; Rezende, Mylene; Bártolo, Paulo; Mendes, Ausenda; Filho, Rubens Maciel; Bartolo, Paulo; Mendes, AusendaWith an increasing in the rate of transplants due to damaged or affected tissues or organs by accidents or diseases and also by the aging of the population in many countries as Brazil, have motivated the research of some novel and alternative ways focused on restoring and replacing tissues. Biofabrication by means of Rapid Prototyping techniques can help in the fashioning and final production of scaffolds devoted to support and stimulate the growth of new tissues. For soft tissues, a biomaterial known as Alginate has been studied and used as raw-material for scaffolds fabrication. A scaffold must guarantee good strength and stiffness at the same time the material degrades gradually. In this work, a single mathematical model experimentally obtained that describes an interesting mechanical behavior of the degradation of alginated-scaffolds is developed. The optimization process scheme using Genetic Algorithms to maximize the elastic modulus and therefore to aid the design of scaffolds in alginate is proposed. The optimization is very welcome to tissue engineering and Biofabrication.
- Ask not what additive manufacturing can do for youPublication . Gibson, I.The paraphrase of John F Kennedy’s famous words is for 2 purposes. Firstly it is to acknowledge that there are some people who have considered that it is a major part of their life’s work to promote Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology as primarily a selfless act. AM comprises an outstanding range of technology that should be brought to public attention as a true revolution in how we design and manufacture products. The second purpose is to show that technology development is only one part of this promotion process and that there are other ways in which we can get involved. This paper describes the author’s journey over the (approximately) 20 years since he was introduced to what was then called Rapid Prototyping (RP). It is not a catalogue of research and development projects but rather a list of activities that he has been involved in to help promote and support AM technology over these years. It will describe the conferences, activities, associations and publications that have been created to allow academics and professionals to describe and discuss their work amongst themselves and to the larger society.
- Optimalmould - part II: Global optimization of the injection moulding cycle timePublication . Ramos, Carina; Carreira, Pedro; Bartolo, Paulo; Alves, NunoThe time required to produce a plastic part is a key issue in injection moulding process as it strongly determine the cost per part. Several approaches have been proposed to address this problem. However they do not cover all aspects related to the complete cycle time of the injection moulding process, only focusing on steps such as filling time, cooling time and packing time. This paper presents a global optimisation strategy for the injection moulding cycle time, covering all time steps related to the injection moulding process, including a novel mathematical model to predict the ejection time. An industrial case study was considered to validate the proposed approach. The obtained results are very close to the experimental ones. © 2012 American Institute of Physics.
- Thermo-kinetic curing model for stereolithographic applicationsPublication . Bártolo, PauloA thermal-kinetic model, using the finite element method to study, simulate and optimise stereolithography, is presented in this paper. The model, which is theoretically rigorous and practical in its implementation, describes both the heat transfer effects and the course of the chemical reaction. This model includes the effects of photo-initiator concentration, temperature and light intensity, predicting the diffusion-controlled effects that occur after vitrification, the phenomenon of unimolecular termination and the shrinkage effects. Light intensity values at the resin surface are defined by assuming an appropriated Gaussian intensity distribution. The Beer-Lambert law enables to describe the decrease in light intensity with depth. The non-linear variation of the glass transition temperature with fractional conversion can be determined and consequently the mechanical behaviour of the resin sample predicted.
- Optimalmould-part I: Multi-objective optimization to moulds design for injection of polymersPublication . Ramos, Carina; Carreira, P.; Bártolo, Paulo; Alves, NunoThe problem of mould design optimisation for polymer injection is a key issue for both mouldmaking and polymer injection industries. Several computational tools have proposed to address this problem. However they do not cover all aspects related to both mould design and injection moulding process, usually requiring the geometrical configuration of the initial mould solution. This paper presents a novel multi-objective optimisation tool, integrating CAD and CAE tools to optimise mould design parameters and injection moulding process parameters. No initial geometric definition of the mould is required. An industrial case study was considered to validate the proposed approach and the performance of several optimisation algorithms evaluated.
- Maximizing the placement of congruent polyhedrain a parallelepiped containerPublication . Gaspar, M. Belbut; Martins-Ferreira, N.Given multiple identical polyhedral objects and a parallelepiped container, how should one place the objects so that the largest number fits inside the container? This simple question is important in many applications, yet the answer is elusive. In fact, we know of no published solution for this very general formulation. Still, in many circumstances, further restrictions apply, resulting in a large number of variations requiring different algorithmic strategies. In this presentation we will further formalize the problem, present some of its many variations, and in particular one that applies to the stereolithographic rapid prototyping technology.
- Preface of the "Symposium on integrated computational tools for advanced manufacturing"Publication . Alves, NunoThe Symposium on Integrated Computational Tools for Advanced Manufacturing, held within 10th International Conference of Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics, Kos, Greece, from September 19 to 25, 2012, is a relevant forum for the scientific exchange of multidisciplinary issues related to integrated computational tools for advanced manufacturing. The symposium contains eight reviewed papers, covering important research topics, such as multidisciplinary optimization, numerical modelling, computer-aided design, computer-aided engineering and additive manufacturing technologies.
- A study on the mouldability of technical parts using hybrid moulds and structural foamsPublication . Nogueira, A. A.; Martinho, P. G.; Brito, A. M.; Pouzada, A. S.The production of large plastics parts in small series by injection moulding requires the devel-opment of a new concept of moulds that allows an economic production. This type of products is applied in urban furniture, automotive, nautical and aerospace industries. The use of alternative methodologies for de-sign and manufacturing in a current stage in Portugal gave rise to the concept of hybrid mould. The control and monitoring of the injection moulding process is essential to evaluate the reproducibility of the mouldings and to obtain a product with good quality. Thus the injection mould, which has a significant influence on the final part, must be carefully designed.
- Polycaprolactone-based scaffold plus BMP-2 in a sheep thoracic spine fusion modelPublication . Yong, M.; Melchels, F.; Vaquette, C.; Hutmacher, D.; Adam, C.; Domingos, M.; Bártolo, P.We report the application of a novel scaffold design in a sheep thoracic spine model for spine deformity correction. The combination of the calcium-phosphate coated polycaprolactone scaffolds with recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 are intended as a future bone graft substitute in ensuring the stability of bony intervertebral fusion. A solid free-form fabrication process based on melt extrusion has been utilized in the manufacturing of these scaffolds.
- Robust STL processing for extrusion-based manufacturingPublication . Gaspar, M.B.; Martins-Ferreira, N.The slicing and tool-path generation are two fundamental processing steps in rapid prototyping/rapid manufacturing (RP/RM), as well as in CAM. Nevertheless, the specific requirements of the diverse RP/RM techniques are not always addressed by existing tools for CAM. We present a set of efficient and robust algorithms for processing STL files in RP/RM.