Browsing by Author "Machado, Sergio"
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- A 16-week intervention on mood and life quality in elderly: testing two exercise programsPublication . Oliveira, Bruno R.R.; Matos, Isabelle, C.; Maranhão, G. Neto; Rodrigues, Filipe; Monteiro, Diogo; Lattari, Eduardo; Machado, SergioThe purpose was to examine the effects of strength training program (STP) and multi-component training program (MTP) on mood states in physically active elderly. Thirty Brazilian elderly (female=21; male=9) aged between 65 and 75 years (66.94.1) with BodyMass Index (BMI) ranging from 25.6 to 31.0 kg/m2 (28.31.2), were enrolled for research. The elderly were randomly assigned into two groups: Strength Training Program (STP; age=66.74.4 years, BMI=28.21.3 kg/m2) and Multi-Component Program (MTP; age=67.13.9years, BMI=28.51.0 kg/m2). STP group performed three 1-hour sessions per week, working at a range of 3 sets, 8-10 repetitions, and 2-minute recovery between sets and exercises. MTP group performed two different types of exercise sessions: a) 50 minutes of Zumba©, followed by 5-10 minutes of dynamic stretching exercises; b) 40 minutes of body-weight dynamic and static exercises, as well as agility and balance movements. The Profile of Mood States (POMS) was applied to assess mood at baseline and post-intervention. No significant interaction or main effect for group and time was showed for six factors of the POMS. However, the magnitude-based inference showed that MTP is likely beneficial to reduce fatigue. On the other hand, MTP is possibly harmful to increase confusion and to reduce vigor when compared to STP. In practical terms, we can conclude that older people physically active seems to attain an adaptation in mood responses minimizing the additional effects of STP and MTP
- Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Reduces Competitive Anxiety and Modulates Heart Rate Variability in an eSports PlayerPublication . Machado, Sergio; Sant’Ana, Leandro de Oliveira; Travassos, Bruno; Monteiro, DiogoPrevious research has recently shown that high cognitive and somatic anxiety and low self-confidence, before and during sport competitions have a significant correlation with heart rate variability (HRV) changes and can reduce overall athletic performance. Therefore, interventions, such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), can be a potential tool to reduce psychophysiological anxiety-related and enhance athletic performance. We present a case of a male professional athlete of eSports. We explored the effects of a single session of anodal tDCS (a-tDCS) at 2mA over the dosrsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on competitive anxiety and HRV assessed in baseline (BL), pre-tDCS, post-tDCS and postgame moments and compared between moments. Here, we found a decrease in somatic and cognitive anxiety, as well as an increase in self-confidence and in SDNN index in the post-tDCS moment compared with BL, pre-tDCS and post-game moments. These findings can be a result of an acute change in the attentional state, influencing the processing of threatening information essential for cognitive anxiety and of a self-regulatory process, which can regulate physiological arousal response, such as HRV.
- Can regular physical exercise be a treatment for panic disorder? A systematic reviewPublication . Machado, Sergio; Telles, George; Magalhaes, Franklin; Teixeira, Diogo; Amatriain-Fernández, Sandra; Budde, Henning; Imperatori, Claudio; Murillo-Rodriguez, Eric; Monteiro, Diogo; Telles Correia, Diogo; Sá Filho, Alberto SouzaIntroduction: In the last few decades, exercise has been explored as a potential tool to reduce symptoms experienced by patients with panic disorder (PD). This systematic review aims to assess the effects of regular exercise interventions on panic severity, global anxiety, and depression symptoms of these patients. Areas covered: A search was conducted on PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials using search terms related to PD and exercise. Eight trials were included, Furthermore, regular exercise programs presented different methodological characteristics. There is o clear evidence indicating that regular exercise programs (at least two 20-minute sessions per week for at least 6 weeks) reduce panic-related symptoms. Regular exercise is effective in improving global anxiety measures and depression. Expert opinion: Continuous aerobic exercise is the main type of intervention in the literature, generally providing a limited prescription. Currently, it is recommended the interval training, with intense and shorter stimuli, and long-term duration trials. However, despite the use of self-selected intensities and control based on the internal load be interesting as recommendation to increase adherence, careful is needed regarding training prescription due to scarce evidence.
- Chronic Effects of Different Intensities of Interval Training on Hemodynamic, Autonomic and Cardiorespiratory Variables of Physically Active Elderly PeoplePublication . Sant’Ana, Leandro; Monteiro, Diogo; Budde, Henning; Ribeiro, Aline Aparecida de Souza; Vieira, João Guilherme; Monteiro, Estêvão Rios; Scartoni, Fabiana Rodrigues; Machado, Sergio; Vianna, Jeferson MacedoInterval training (IT) is a very efficient method. We aimed to verify the chronic effects of IT with different intensities on hemodynamic, autonomic and cardiorespiratory variables in the elderly. Twenty-four physically active elderly men participated in the study and were randomized into three groups: Training Group A (TGA, n = 8), Training Group B (TGB, n = 8) and control group (CG, n = 8). The TGA and TGB groups performed 32 sessions (48 h interval). TGA presented 4 min (55 to 60% of HRmax) and 1 min (70 to 75% of HRmax). The TGB training groups performed the same protocol, but performed 4 min at 45 to 50% HRmax and 1 min at 60 to 65% HRmax. Both training groups performed each set six times, totaling 30 min per session. Assessments were performed pre (baseline) after the 16th and 32nd intervention session. The CG performed only assessments. Hemodynamic, autonomic and cardiorespiratory (estimated VO2max) variables were evaluated. There were no significant differences between protocols and times (p > 0.05). However, the effect size and percentage delta indicated positive clinical outcomes, indicating favorable responses of IT. IT may be a strategy to improve hemodynamic, autonomic and cardiorespiratory behavior in healthy elderly people.
- Clinical applications of exercise in Parkinson’s disease: what we need to know?Publication . Machado, Sergio; Teixeira, Diogo; Monteiro, Diogo; Imperatori, Claudio; Murillo-Rodriguez, Eric; da Silva Rocha, Fernanda Pereira; Yamamoto, Tetsuya; Amatriain-Fernández, Sandra; Budde, Henning; Carta, Mauro Giovanni; Caixeta, Leonardo; de Sá Filho, Alberto SouzaIntroduction: Exploring the potential of exercise in the rehabilitation process of patients with Parkinson’s (PD) may be an interesting treatment perspective. Exercise-induced responses derived from neurotrophic elements appear to ameliorate the decline in neurodegeneration. Despite this understanding, the literature needs to be updated. Areas covered: Our review focuses on: a) the key mechanisms of exercise on PD, highlighting mainly the responses related to neuroplasticity; b) the effects induced by different traditional types of exercise, also highlighting the effects of complementary therapies related to movement; c) the volume of exercise required to support efficient results are explored in the context of PD. Additionally, the proposition of new clinical application strategies in the context of PD will also be determined. Expert opinion: It is suggested that different intensities of aerobic exercise be explored for the treatment of PD. The results associated with high intensity seem promising for performance, physiological and clinical parameters, such as BDNF production and cognition. On the other hand, the diversification of tasks and repetition of motor gestures appear as consistent arguments to exercise prescription. Finally, for future investigations, the neuromodulation strategy in association with aerobic exercise appears as a potential inducer of benefits on gait and cognitive function.
- Correlation between levels of physical activity and anxiety and in patients with binge-eating disorderPublication . Da Silva Freire, Andrea; Dos Santos, David; Vaz, Ana; Lima, João Lucas; Axt, Glaciane; Murillo-Rodriguez, Eric; Monteiro, Diogo; Cid, Luis; Machado, Sergio; Telles-Correia, DiogoBinge-eating disorder (BED) is linked to several psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety disorders. Approximately 50- 60% of BED patients are resistant to the traditional treatments available, and thus, strategies supporting the treatment of BED are needed, such as physical activity (PA). It seems to be an interesting strategy to reduce BED and anxiety symptoms. Thus, since PA has a role in reducing BED episodes and improving anxiety symptoms, then more research is needed to clarify the role of PA on BED, as correlations between anxiety-BED and anxiety-PA are established. Therefore, our aim is to examine the relationship between PA and anxiety in patients with BED. Thirty two patients we submitted to psychological and PA questionnaires. A Pearson's correlation coefficient and a multiple linear regression analysis were performed to relate eating disorder behaviour, anxiety and PA. The correlation coefficients between the dimensions of BED and anxiety were almost all significant (except restriction), positive and moderate (p<0.001). Thus, the higher the eating disorder values, the higher the anxiety levels (p<0.01). In conclusion, our findings support that PA correlates with anxiety in patients with BED, suggesting that PA may decrease symptoms, such as the appetite, weight and body shape concerns.
- Could tDCS Be a Potential Performance-Enhancing Tool for Acute Neurocognitive Modulation in eSports? A Perspective ReviewPublication . Machado, Sergio; Travassos, Bruno; Teixeira, Diogo S.; Rodrigues, Filipe; Cid, Luis; Monteiro, DiogoCompetitive sports involve physical and cognitive skills. In traditional sports, there is a greater dependence on the development and performance of both motor and cognitive skills, unlike electronic sports (eSports), which depend much more on neurocognitive skills for success. However, little is known about neurocognitive functions and effective strategies designed to develop and optimize neurocognitive performance in eSports athletes. One such strategy is transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), characterized as a weak electric current applied on the scalp to induce prolonged changes in cortical excitability. Therefore, our objective is to propose anodal (a)-tDCS as a performance-enhancing tool for neurocognitive functions in eSports. In this manuscript, we discussed the neurocognitive processes that underlie exceptionally skilled performances in eSports and how tDCS could be used for acute modulation of these processes in eSports. Based on the results from tDCS studies in healthy people, professional athletes, and video game players, it seems that tDCS is applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) as a potential performance-enhancing tool for neurocognition in eSports.
- COVID-19 and Quarantine: Expanding Understanding of How to Stay Physically Active at HomePublication . Sá Filho, Alberto Souza; Miranda, Thiago Gottgtroy; de Paula, Carolina Cavalcante; Barsanulfo, Silvio Roberto; Teixeira, Diogo; Monteiro, Diogo; Cid, Luis; Imperatori, Claudio; Yamamoto, Tetsuya; Murillo-Rodriguez, Eric; Amatriain-Fernández, Sandra; Budde, Henning; Machado, Sergio
- Did You Enjoy It? The Role of Intensity-Trait Preference/Tolerance in Basic Psychological Needs and Exercise EnjoymentPublication . Teixeira, Diogo S.; Rodrigues, Filipe; Machado, Sergio; Cid, Luis; Monteiro, DiogoPromoting exercise regimens that aim at enhancing the quality of individuals’ subjective exercise experience can be challenging. Given the recent theoretical contributions regarding the possible interaction of exercise intensity-traits and several motivational variables, as well as their potential value for exercise adherence, the objective of this study was to examine the mediation role of basic psychological needs in the relationship between preference for and tolerance of exercise intensity and enjoyment. This cross-sectional study comprised a total of 160 exercisers (Mage = 34.12, SD = 9.23, 73 males) enrolled in several health clubs. All analyses were performed using SPSS v. 23.0/PROCESS v. 3.4. The results indicate that intensity-traits presented positive associations with enjoyment, and negative associations with all of needs frustration variables. A mediation role of needs frustration emerged in the intensity traits and enjoyment associations that was analyzed according to relatable theoretical considerations
- Impact of victory and defeat on the perceived stress and autonomic regulation of professional eSports athletesPublication . Machado, Sergio; de Oliveira Sant'Ana, Leandro; Cid, Luis; Teixeira, Diogo; Rodrigues, Filipe; Travassos, Bruno; Monteiro, DiogoCompetitive sports involve physiological, technical and psychological skills, which influence directly on individuals’ performance. This study aims to investigate the levels of perceived stress and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) before and after matches with victory and defeat in professional eSports athletes. Our hypothesis was that the winners would have better autonomic and stress responses after match, thus corroborating the literature on neurocardiac connections. Fifty male eSport players were selected players from 10 different Brazilian teams. The experiment was carried out in 2 sessions. Firstly, after signing the informed consent form, 24 h before the game, anthropometric, physical activity levels and time of expertise data were recorded only for sample characterization and the players were familiarized with the perceived stress scale—10 (PSS-10) and the HRV measurements. Secondly, players performed the PSS-10 and HRV recording at rest by 10 min 60 and 30 min before the game (i.e., baseline time) and 10 min after the end of the game. Overall, concerning PSS-10 our findings show that VG had significant reduced scores in post-game time compared to baseline (BL) and pre-game times, while DG had significant increased scores in post-game time compared to BL and pre-game times. Regarding HRV, our results demonstrate that VG had significant increase in RR, SDNN, rMSSD, pNN50 and HF, and significant decrease in LF and LF/HF, while DG had a significant decrease in RR, SDNN, rMSSD and HF, and significant increase in LF and LF/HF. It was observed that VG had better HRV responses (greater parasympathetic activation) as well as lower levels of perceived stress, while DG had worst HRV responses (greater sympathetic activation) and higher levels of perceived stress.