LSRE-LCM - Artigos em Revistas Nacionais e de Circulação Internacional
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- Adding value to stalked barnacles from Berlengas Nature Reserve (Portugal) by the development of a new foodPublication . Pinheiro, Joaquina; Fernandes, Wilson; Sá, Hugo; Bernardino, Raul; Leandro, Sérgio Miguel; Ganhão, RuiIn this work, a new and natural food product, stalked barnacle (Pollicipes Pollicipes) pâté enriched with blackberry, was developed to valorise the rejected stalked barnacle. To evaluate the addition of blackberry fruits (Rubus ulmifolius Schott.) as a natural preservative on pâté quality, four pâté sample groups were considered: a negative control without a synthetic additive (CTR), a positive control with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a group with blackberry extract (blackberry), and a group with a mixture of BHT and blackberry (blackberry + BHT). In addition, the effect of pasteurization (80 °C for 30 min) versus sterilization (121 °C for 30 min) on the pâté quality were evaluated. The bioactive evaluation expressed by the total phenolic content (TPC) and antiradical activity by the DPPH radical scavenging associated with oxidative stability determined by thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) were performed. The impact of packaging opening followed by refrigerated storage (4 ± 1 °C) simulating the consumer behavior at home, was assessed. All the heat-treated stalked barnacle pâté samples were found microbially safe with an interesting content of total phenolic, the highest ones being the CTR and Blackberry + BHT, ranging from 58.79 to 55.38 mg GAE/100 g. After the package opening of the barnacle pâté sample of Blackberry + BHT, it revealed a superior inhibition of TBARS (0.46 mg MDA/100 g) after 7 days at refrigerated storage compared to the other samples. These results state the efficacy of blackberry in minimizing the lipid oxidation of stalked barnacle pâte. This study showed the potential for rejected stalked barnacle to be valorised and improve the sustainability of resources.
- Complexation and DFT studies of lanthanide ions by (2-pyridylmethoxy)homooxacalixarene derivativesPublication . Marcos, Paula M.; Teixeira, Filipa A.; Segurado, Manuel A.P.; Ascenso, José R.; Bernardino, Raul; Cragg, Peter J.; Michel, Sylvia; Hubscher-Bruder, Véronique; Arnaud-Neu, FrançoiseThe binding of lanthanide cations by 2-pyridylmethoxy derivatives of p-tert-butyldihomooxacalix[4]arene (1b), in the cone conformation, and p-tert-butylhexahomotrioxacalix[3]arene (2b), in both cone and partial cone conformations, was studied. These properties were assessed by extraction studies of the metal picrates from water into dichloromethane and stability constant measurements in methanol and acetonitrile, using spectrophotometric and microcalorimetric techniques. Proton NMR titrations with La3+ and Yb3+ cations were done in order to get information on the binding sites. Computational methods (density functional theory (DFT) calculations) were also used to complement the NMR data. The p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene analogue (3b) was also studied, and the results of the four ligands were compared. Partial cone-2b is the best extractant for lanthanide ions, showing some preference for the heavy lanthanides. In complexation, all four ligands show the same trend and a high selectivity for Yb3+ (ML, log β ≥ 7). Besides the formation of ML complexes, ML2 species were also obtained. In most cases, these species were corroborated by the proton NMR studies. For partial cone-2b with Pr3+ the complexation process is enthalpically driven, whereas for 3b the formation of the ML2 species with this cation is due to a favourable entropy term. DFT studies indicate that ligand 3b forms the most stable complex with La3+, followed by partial cone-2b.
- Complexation and DFT studies of lower rim hexahomotrioxacalix[3]arene derivatives bearing pyridyl groups with transition and heavy metal cations. Cone versus partial cone conformationPublication . Marcos, Paula M.; Teixeira, Filipa A.; Segurado, Manuel A. P.; Ascenso, José R.; Bernardino, Raul; Peter J. Cragg; Sylvia Michel; Véronique Hubscher-Bruder; Françoise Arnaud-NeuThe binding of representative alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavymetal cations by 2-pyridylmethoxy derivatives (1b, in cone and partial cone conformations) of p-tert-butylhexahomotrioxacalix[3]arene was studied. Binding was assessed by extraction studies of the metal picrates from water into dichloromethane and by stability constant measurements in acetonitrile and methanol, using spectrophotometric and potentiometric techniques. Microcalorimetric studies of some selected complexes in acetonitrile were performed, as well as proton NMR titrations. Computational methods (density functional theory calculations) were also employed to complement the NMR data. The results are compared with those obtained with the dihomooxacalix[4]arene 2b and the calix[4]arene 3b derivative analogues. Partial cone-1b is the best extractant for transition and heavy metal cations. Both conformers of 1b exhibit very high stability constants for soft and intermediate cations Pb2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+, with cone-1b the strongest binder (ML, log b ≥7) and partial cone-1b the most selective. Both derivatives show a slight preference for Na+. Besides the formation of ML complexes, ML2 and M2L species were also observed. The former complexes were, in general, formed with the transition and heavy metal cations, whereas the latter were obtained with Ag+ and Hg2+ and partial cone-1b. In most cases, these species were corroborated by the proton NMR and density functional theory studies.
- Production of parsley and pennyroyal with an African catfish-based aquaponics partially fed with yellow mealworms - Tenebrio molitorPublication . Bernardino, Raul; Vieira, Judite; Vaz, Daniela C.; Santos, Ounísia D.; Ribeiro, Vânia S.; Pires, Cristiana L.; Cotrim, Luís; Bernardino, SusanaInsects can be used as alternative protein/food sources. Here, a novel aquaponic system based on the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed with 30% of yellow mealworms (YM) (Tenebrio molitor) as substitute feed to 100% of fish meal (FM) was employed to produce parsley (Petroselinum crispum) and pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium). The two systems implemented (30YW/70FM and 100FM - control) showed identical water quality parameters. The 30YW/70FM operation led to a reduction by 27% of the carbon footprint, relatively to the 100FM system. Plants cultivated in the 30YW/70FM aquaponic system led to lower plant biomass (↓∼75%), as stated by the statistically significant (p < 0.05) lower values of “plant height”, “foliage diameter”, “leaf number”, “biggest leaf length” and “root length”. Moreover, 100FM parsley showed higher levels of greenness (100%) and health status (97%) than the 30YW/70FM plants (↓50% greenness; ↓20% health status). Likewise, 100FM pennyroyal also showed higher levels of greenness (100%) and health status (100%) than 30YW/70FM pennyroyal (↓56 % greenness; ↓59% health status). Also, even if all plants presented equivalent levels of P, K, Ca and Fe, the plants grown in the 30YW/70FM system showed some Cl-accumulation (>7.0 g Cl.kg−1 for parsley and > 4.0 g Cl.kg−1 for pennyroyal, in dry weight) in the leaves and Cu and Mn accumulation in the roots (> 0.4 g.kg−1 in dry weight). The presence of high concentrations of Cl in T. molitor, and consequently in the water and fish faeces, might have caused some abiotic stress and toxicity to plant tissues, reducing plant growth.
- Wastewater Valorisation in Sustainable Productive Systems: Aquaculture, Urban, and Swine Farm Effluents HydroponicsPublication . Luz, Tomás M. R.; Ushiña, Damariz; Santos, Ounísia; Ispolnov, Kirill; Aires, Luis M. I.; Sousa, Helena Pala D.; Bernardino, Raul; Vaz, Daniela; Cotrim, Luís; Sebastião, Fernando; Vieira, JuditeThe agricultural sector faces significant challenges related to climate change and population growth, which intensify pressure on natural resources and food security. Sustainable resource-efficient systems, alongside wastewater valorisation, are a promising solution. This study evaluated the reuse potential of aquaculture, urban, and swine farm wastewater in hydroponic cultivation. Trials with leafy vegetables and fruit crops were conducted in aquaponic systems containing two fish species (Koi carp and African catfish) and two small-scale hydroponic systems. Water quality, plant development, and environmental parameters were monitored. Results for the best performance scenarios within each cultivation system showed that in urban wastewater, strawberries yielded 183 ± 74 g/plant, exceeding yields in aquaponics (125 ± 60 g/plant). Lettuce performed better in swine farm wastewater (180 ± 39 g/plant) than in urban (65 ± 6 g/plant), with corresponding water-use efficiencies of 117 and 65 g/L. Aquaponics also supported stable yields, up to 108 ± 1 g/plant for lamb’s lettuce and 10,047 ± 8791 g of papaya fruit per plant. Nutrient recovery in hydroponic systems supplied with urban and swine farm wastewater reached up to 95% for N, P, and K. Overall, these systems demonstrated substantially lower water consumption compared with values commonly reported for conventional agriculture, underscoring their strong sustainability advantages.