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Assessment of potentially motivating factors to follow time-restricted eating protocols in a population of adults living in Portugal

2025-12Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
datacite.subject.sdg17:Parcerias para a Implementação dos Objetivos
datacite.subject.sdg04:Educação de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorLages, Marlene
dc.contributor.authorCarmo Silva, Sara
dc.contributor.authorBarros, Renata
dc.contributor.authorGuarino, Maria
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-17T10:34:03Z
dc.date.available2025-10-17T10:34:03Z
dc.date.issued2025-12
dc.descriptionArticle number - 101242
dc.description.abstractChrononutrition is a growing field that has been attracting significant attention for its potential benefits in metabolic health and body weight regulation. Among chrononutrition strategies, time-restricted eating (TRE) is the most extensively investigated approach in clinical studies. TRE intends to synchronise eating and fasting cycles with the human circadian rhythms. However, larger and longer randomised clinical trials are still needed to establish the effectiveness and long-term health outcomes of TRE interventions. Furthermore, it is crucial to explore whether individuals in free-living conditions, outside controlled clinical settings, can successfully adopt TRE principles into their daily routines to achieve potential health benefits. This study aimed to investigate the association between daily routines and potential adherence to TRE protocols, as well as to identify factors that can potentially predict adherence to these protocols in a sample of adults living in Portugal. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire to assess dietary and sleeping habits, daily routines and the likelihood of adherence to various restrictions in daily eating windows. Associations between variables were analysed using the Spearman correlation coefficient and the Chi-Square test, while an ordinal logistic regression was performed to identify predictive factors. Statistical analyses were conducted on IBM SPSS Statistics version 29.0. The questionnaire was filled out by 130 participants (80 % women) with a mean age of 37.9 ± 13.59 years. On workdays, 71.6 % of participants reported a daily eating window of 12 to 14 h, while on free days, the highest percentage (46.6 %) reported between 10 and 12 h. A significant inverse correlation was observed between willingness to adhere to a TRE protocol based on perceived health benefits and both age (ρ = -0.356, p < 0.001) and sex (ρ = -0.321, p < 0.001). Moderate correlations were also found between the willingness to follow a TRE protocol on workdays (ρ = 0.538) and free days (ρ = 0.598) and the potential health benefits of this type of intervention (p < 0.001). Additionally, sex was associated with potential adherence to the TRE protocol (χ²(2) = 10.644, p = 0.005), with a tendency for men to show lower willingness for adherence. Associations were also identified between body weight management and reducing the eating window by 1 to 2 h (χ²(12) = 24.883, df = 12, p = 0.015) and 2 to 3 h (χ²(12) = 22.367, p = 0.034). Moreover, the perceived importance of income, body weight management and cooking knowledge were significant predictors of the likelihood of adherence to a TRE protocol with a 3 to 4 h restriction in the eating window on workdays (p < 0.005). These results provide valuable insights that should be considered when translating research into clinical practice, specifically in an adult population, as individuals’ willingness and motivation to adopt TRE protocols in free-living conditions are influenced by multiple factors.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by Portuguese national funds provided by FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I.P. (UI/05,704/2020), by the Portuguese Society of Diabetology (Sociedade Portuguesa de Diabetologia) through the award of the 2020 Emilio Peres Scholarship and by the Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences of the University of Porto and LabITR (LA/P/0064/2020). ML is supported by a PhD Scholarship from FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I.P. (10.54499/2021.07673.BD). MPG work is funded by national funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I.P., under the Scientific Employment Stimulus – Institutional Call (10.54499/CEECINST/00,051/2018/CP1566/CT0009).
dc.identifier.citationMarlene Lages, Sara Carmo-Silva, Renata Barros, Maria P. Guarino, Assessment of potentially motivating factors to follow time-restricted eating protocols in a population of adults living in Portugal, Applied Food Research, Volume 5, Issue 2, 2025, 101242, ISSN 2772-5022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afres.2025.101242.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.afres.2025.101242
dc.identifier.issn2772-5022
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/14301
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relationLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health
dc.relationNutriClock: Understanding the association between chronotype and metabolic homeostasis: the circadian clock as a tool for nutritional intervention in obesity
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772502225005475
dc.relation.ispartofApplied Food Research
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subjectCircadian rhythms
dc.subjectChrononutrition
dc.subjectDaily routines
dc.subjectEating windows
dc.subjectFood research
dc.subjectTime-restricted eating
dc.titleAssessment of potentially motivating factors to follow time-restricted eating protocols in a population of adults living in Portugaleng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health
oaire.awardTitleNutriClock: Understanding the association between chronotype and metabolic homeostasis: the circadian clock as a tool for nutritional intervention in obesity
oaire.awardURIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/14186
oaire.awardURIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/14300
oaire.citation.issue2
oaire.citation.titleApplied Food Research
oaire.citation.volume5
oaire.fundingStreamConcurso para Atribuição do Estatuto e Financiamento de Laboratórios Associados (LA)
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameLages
person.familyNameCarmo Silva
person.familyNameGuarino
person.givenNameMarlene
person.givenNameSara
person.givenNameMaria Pedro
person.identifier.ciencia-idC613-4639-10A8
person.identifier.ciencia-idF21A-BD01-2D52
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7389-6368
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6124-0428
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6079-1105
person.identifier.ridB-5594-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56348477000
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