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Perceção do consumidor e da indústria em relação a produtos alimentares fraudulentos
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| 6.57 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A Segurança Alimentar tem sido alvo de pesquisa científica desde os anos 90
através de várias organizações e entidades governamentais, focando-se na
prevenção de atos não intencionais na cadeia alimentar, provocando danos na
população. Contudo, esta pesquisa científica evoluiu para a investigação dos
atos intencionais para ganho económico: a Fraude Alimentar. Com esta
dissertação pretende-se caracterizar o (des)conhecimento do consumidor e da
indústria alimentar quanto a este tema e comparar os dois.
Para tal, foi desenvolvido um inquérito ao consumidor (método quantitativo) que
abrangeu 424 inquiridos e uma sessão de focus group (método qualitativo) que
contou com sete participantes.
Os principais resultados obtidos demonstraram um desconhecimento geral do
inquirido quanto ao tema da Fraude Alimentar, incluindo casos passados e
diferentes tipos de Fraude, tendo sido observadas relações significativas com as
habilitações académicas, área de residência e rendimento. Também foi possível relacionar que a faixa etária, rendimento e área de residência influenciam a
preocupação do consumidor quanto à presença de produtos fraudulentos no
mercado. Os principais motivos apontados pelo foram o perigo para a saúde do
consumidor, a desconfiança na cadeia alimentar e a ausência de qualidade.
A forma de consumo preferencial do consumidor quanto a produtos cárneos
(fresco ou congelado) demonstrou influenciar a preocupação do mesmo quanto
a exemplos de casos relacionados com os mesmos e à facilidade destes
produtos serem defraudados. Adicionalmente, outros hábitos de consumo do
inquirido, nomeadamente o seu local de compra preferencial, também
demonstrou influenciar a preocupação quanto à facilidade de defraudar certos
produtos alimentares, nomeadamente pescado.
Relativamente à sessão de focus group foi determinado que a indústria tem
conhecimento e preocupação quanto à compra e consequente utilização ou
distribuição de produtos alimentares fraudulentos, nomeadamente pela
reputação que fica associada ao próprio produto, diminuindo a procura pelo
mesmo. Em conformidade com o averiguado pela análise de dados quantitativa,
os participantes acreditam que o consumidor tem desconhecimento quanto à
Fraude Alimentar e, para além disso, demonstram não ter interesse em saber
mais sobre a cadeia alimentar e o esforço da indústria para a melhorar.
Food Safety has been a target for scientific study since the nineties through several organizations and governmental entities with a focus on the prevention of non-intentional acts on the food chain, causing harm for the population. However, this scientific research evolved to include intentional acts for economic gain: Food Fraud. With this dissertation it is intended to characterize the knowledge of the consumer and the food industry on this topic and compare the two. To do this, a consumer survey (quantitative method) was developed that covered 424 respondents and a focus group (qualitative method) session that featured seven participants. Generally, the results obtained demonstrated an unawareness of the consumer as to the topic of Food Fraud, including past cases and the different types of Fraud, plus it showed significant statistically relationships with academic qualifications, area of residence and income. It was also possible to relate that the age group, income, and area of residence influence the consumer’s concern as to the presence of fraudulent food products in the stores. The main reasons pointed out by the respondents as to this concern were related to the danger to consumer health, food-chain distrust, and absence of quality. The preferential type of meat products (frozen or fresh) bought by the consumer has been shown to influence their concern in relation to past cases and how easy these products can be defrauded. Additionally, the respondent’s consumption habits namely their preferred shopping site, was also shown to influence the concern regarding how easy food products can be defrauded, specifically fish products. Regarding the focus group session, it has been determined that the industry has knowledge and concern about the purchase and consequent use or distribution of fraudulent food products, notably by the reputation that ends up associated with the product itself decreasing the demand for it. In compliance with what was ascertained by the quantitative data analysis, participants believed that the consumer has unawareness regarding to Food Fraud and in addition show no interest in learning more about the food chain and the industry’s effort to better its processes.
Food Safety has been a target for scientific study since the nineties through several organizations and governmental entities with a focus on the prevention of non-intentional acts on the food chain, causing harm for the population. However, this scientific research evolved to include intentional acts for economic gain: Food Fraud. With this dissertation it is intended to characterize the knowledge of the consumer and the food industry on this topic and compare the two. To do this, a consumer survey (quantitative method) was developed that covered 424 respondents and a focus group (qualitative method) session that featured seven participants. Generally, the results obtained demonstrated an unawareness of the consumer as to the topic of Food Fraud, including past cases and the different types of Fraud, plus it showed significant statistically relationships with academic qualifications, area of residence and income. It was also possible to relate that the age group, income, and area of residence influence the consumer’s concern as to the presence of fraudulent food products in the stores. The main reasons pointed out by the respondents as to this concern were related to the danger to consumer health, food-chain distrust, and absence of quality. The preferential type of meat products (frozen or fresh) bought by the consumer has been shown to influence their concern in relation to past cases and how easy these products can be defrauded. Additionally, the respondent’s consumption habits namely their preferred shopping site, was also shown to influence the concern regarding how easy food products can be defrauded, specifically fish products. Regarding the focus group session, it has been determined that the industry has knowledge and concern about the purchase and consequent use or distribution of fraudulent food products, notably by the reputation that ends up associated with the product itself decreasing the demand for it. In compliance with what was ascertained by the quantitative data analysis, participants believed that the consumer has unawareness regarding to Food Fraud and in addition show no interest in learning more about the food chain and the industry’s effort to better its processes.
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Keywords
Fraude alimentar Perceção do consumidor Perceção da indústria
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Without CC licence