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Acute effects of dynamic stretching on knee joint position sense and dynamic balance in recreational runners: A randomized controlled trial

2026-02Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorSimões, Edgar
dc.contributor.authorTavares, Nuno
dc.contributor.authorSaraiva, Marina
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-10T19:14:51Z
dc.date.available2025-12-10T19:14:51Z
dc.date.issued2026-02
dc.descriptionArticle number - 110049
dc.description.abstractObjectives: Proprioception and dynamic balance are crucial elements of neuromuscular control during running, supporting movement precision and postural adjustments. Dynamic stretching is commonly used in warm-ups to enhance muscle activation and sensorimotor readiness, but its acute effects on proprioception and balance remain unclear. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Participants: Sixty-two healthy recreational runners (25–45 years; ≥20 km/week), randomly assigned to a Dynamic Stretching group (n = 31) or a control group performing light walking (n = 31). Main outcome measures: Joint position sense was assessed through active joint repositioning using 2D video analysis, with Absolute Angular Error, Relative Angular Error, and Variable Angular Error as outcomes. Balance was evaluated using the Y-Balance Test, including anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral reach directions, as well as a composite score. Results: The Dynamic Stretching group showed significant reductions in Absolute Angular Error (p < 0.05) and Variable Angular Error (p < 0.001), with a between-group difference in Relative Angular Error (p = 0.043). Both groups improved Y-Balance Test scores, but the Dynamic stretching group achieved significantly greater gains in posteromedial reach and Composite Score (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Dynamic stretching acutely improves proprioceptive accuracy and dynamic balance in recreational runners, supporting its inclusion in warm-up routines.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipWe thank all athletes who participated in this study, and we wish to acknowledge the help provided by J.R.. M.S. and N.T. acknowledge Robocorp Laboratory, i2A, which is co-funded by QREN under the Programa Mais Centro of the Coordination Commission of the Central Region and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund. M.S. acknowledge the support of the Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes— CEMMPRE of the University of Coimbra, which is sponsored by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), under projects UID/00285/2025 and LA/P/0112/ 2020.
dc.identifier.citationEdgar Simões, Nuno Tavares, Marina Saraiva, Acute effects of dynamic stretching on knee joint position sense and dynamic balance in recreational runners: A randomized controlled trial, Gait & Posture, Volume 124, 2026, 110049, ISSN 0966-6362, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110049.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110049
dc.identifier.issn0966-6362
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/14992
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relationAdvanced Production and Intelligent Systems
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966636225007763
dc.relation.ispartofGait &amp; Posture
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectdynamic balance
dc.subjectdynamic stretching
dc.subjectjoint position sense
dc.subjectneuromuscular control
dc.subjectproprioception
dc.subjectrecreational running
dc.titleAcute effects of dynamic stretching on knee joint position sense and dynamic balance in recreational runners: A randomized controlled trialeng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleAdvanced Production and Intelligent Systems
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0112%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.endPage9
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleGait & Posture
oaire.citation.volume124
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.affiliation.nameESSLei
person.familyNameSimões
person.familyNameDOS SANTOS TAVARES
person.familyNameSaraiva
person.givenNameEdgar
person.givenNameNUNO ANDRÉ
person.givenNameMarina Sofia Oliveira Saraiva
person.identifier.ciencia-idA514-95A8-2629
person.identifier.orcid0009-0006-4692-7452
person.identifier.orcid0009-0006-1828-8390
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-4446-2894
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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