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- Observatório para a Saúde dos Estudantes do Instituto Politécnico de Leiria - Relatório Técnico 2024Publication . Graça Henriques, Carolina Miguel; de Matos Gonçalves, Pedro Jorge; Matos, Rui; MENDES, SUSANA; Toneca, Cláudia Andreia Cunha Belém; Oliveira Diz, Susana Cristina; Ferreira, BárbaraO Instituto Politécnico de Leiria está comprometido com a promoção de estilos de vida saudável e ativa na comunidade académica, em alinhamento com a definição de Saúde da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS). No âmbito do programa Healthy Campus, a saúde, o bem-estar e os estilos de vida saudáveis são preocupações cada vez mais presentes na nossa Instituição, pelo que solicitámos a colaboração de todos os estudantes para o preenchimento de um questionário, devidamente aprovado pela Comissão de Ética do Instituto Politécnico de Leiria - Parecer N.º CE/IPLEIRIA/53/2023, que se realiza no âmbito do Observatório da Saúde dos Estudantes do Politécnico de Leiria, cujos resultados aqui são apresentados e que nos permitem desenhar intervenções que vão ao encontro das necessidades dos nossos estudantes em matéria de saúde, bem-estar e estilos de vida saudáveis.
- Physical Activity, Quality of Live and Well-Being in Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental DisabilityPublication . Diz, Susana; Jacinto, Miguel; Costa, Aldo M.; Monteiro, Diogo; Matos, Rui; Antunes, RaulThe practice of physical activity, exercise and sport has many benefits for the general population, but studies on the population with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are scarce and inconclusive. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the state of the art on the role of physical activity, exercise and sport in the quality of life and well-being of people with IDD, seeking to understand the current panorama in this area and provide answers to these questions. The research was carried out between July and October 2023 using three databases: PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Fifteen articles met the eligibility criteria for this study, and these were methodologically assessed using the Downs and Black scale (1998). Higher values were identified in the total quality of life score and some domains of this variable (e.g., personal development, physical well-being and emotional well-being), in satisfaction with life and in the perception of well-being in individuals with IDD who have enjoyed or are involved in physical activity, physical exercise and/or sports programs. Thus, according to the studies included in this systematic review, we can conclude that the practice of physical activity, physical exercise and sport seems to contribute to improving the quality of life and well-being of people with IDD. Despite the growing research interest in this area, there is still a notable lack of studies exploring the impact of these programs, especially sports-based programs, on quality of life and well-being variables in the population under study.
- Gender Differences in Anthropometric, Functional Capacity Measures and Quality of Life in Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental DisabilitiesPublication . Jacinto, Miguel; Monteiro, Diogo; Rodrigues, Filipe; Diz, Susana; Matos, Rui; Amaro, Nuno; Antunes, RaulThe aim of the of the current investigation was to investigate the possible differences concerning males and females in anthropometry, body composition, functional capacity, strength and quality of life variables. After obtaining signed informed consent, 37 participants (18 males; 19 females), with mean age of 39.08 and standard deviation of 11.66 years, voluntarily participated in this study. Anthropometry, body composition, functional capacity, strength, and quality of life were assessed using validated and reliable instruments and tests for this population. The males and females were compared using a Mann–Whitney U signed rank test. Significant differences were detected among the following variables, height (p = 0.028), body mass index (p = 0.033), fat mass (p = 0.002), muscle mass (p ≤ 0.001), phase angle (p = 0.005), medicine ball throwing strength (p = 0.010), and peak toque left knee (p = 0.028), with males showing better results in all the variables. The sample in this study showed differences in the anthropometric, composition, and strength variables. Studying this population can help ensure that everyone has equal access to services and adequate support for their personal needs, improving their quality of life.
- Effects of combined training in individual with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsPublication . Jacinto, Miguel; Rodrigues, Filipe; Monteiro, Diogo; Diz, Susana; Sánchez, Raquel; Morales-Sánchez, Verónica; Matos, Rui; Amaro, Nuno; Antunes, RaulPurpose of the article: This study aims to evaluate the literature, peer-reviewed clinical trial investigating the effects of combined exercise interventions on individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.Materials and methods: Various databases, using various descriptors and Boolean operators were utilized.Results: Eight studies meet the eligibility criteria. Regarding the anthropometric measures/bodycomposition variable, the meta-analysis revealed that combined physical exercise did not have a significant effect (standard mean difference (SMD) = −0.16; 95% CI, −0.34 to 0.03; Z = 1.68; p = 0.09). For the lipid profile variable, the combined exercise interventions did not show a significant effect(SMD = −0.07; 95% CI, −0.43 to 0.29; Z = 0.38; p = 0.71). Combined exercise training had a significant effect on increasing functional capacity (SMD = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.54; Z = 2.03; p = 0.04),cardiorespiratory function (SMD = 0.80; 95% CI, 0.34 to 1.26; Z = 3.41; p ≤ 0.001), and strength (SMD =0.77; 95% CI, 0.45 to 1.08; Z = 4.78; p ≤ 0.001).Conclusions: Participants from the intervention group that took part in combined exercise trainings howed a higher probability of improving their functional, cardiorespiratory, and strength capacity compared to the control group.
- The Effects of a Multi-Sports Program on the Physical Fitness, Quality of Life, and Well-Being of People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities—A Study ProtocolPublication . Diz, Susana; Costa, Aldo M.; Jacinto, Miguel; Monteiro, Diogo; Amaro, Nuno; Rodrigues, Filipe; Matos, Rui; Antunes, RaulWe intend to develop an intervention program based on sports for people with Intellectual and Developmental Disability (IDD) to analyze its effects on physical fitness, quality of life (QoL), and well-being. The convenience sample will consist of at least 24 participants aged between 18 and 65, of both sexes, who are institutionalized with a previous diagnosis of IDD and no associated comorbidities (e.g., visual impairment or cerebral palsy). The participants will be divided into two groups: (i) the experimental group and (ii) the control group. The experimental group will have a weekly session, lasting 60 min, for 36 weeks. There will be a baseline assessment, a final assessment, and a follow-up assessment (three months after the end of the program). The results of this study are intended to contribute to the development of more assertive community interventions, based on sports, for the benefit of this population.
- Motor Competence and Sports Practice in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Pilot Study in GymnasticsPublication . Quito, Geraldine; Jacinto, Miguel; Amaro, Nuno; Monteiro, Diogo; Antunes, Raul; Matos, Rui; Oliveira Diz, Susana Cristina; Leitão Mira, Tânia SoraiaThe practice of physical activity, exercise, and sports brings various benefits to the general population. However, a few intervention programs involving physical activity and sports have been specifically designed for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of implementing a sports program based on gymnastics (specifically trampolines) on the motor skills of children with ASD. The program ran from September to May 2024 (8 months duration) using the Motor Competence Assessment Battery (MCA) as an evaluation tool. It included three typically developing children and three children with ASD, all aged between 4 and 5 years. The program sessions lasted 45 min and took place twice a week. The MCA Battery was administered to assess motor skills before and after the intervention. After the intervention program, significant differences were found only between moments in the Shuttle Run test (pre-intervention ≠ and post-intervention; Bonferroni correction: t = −2.00; p = 0.043; w = 0.33). Based on these results, we can conclude that practicing a sports program based on gymnastics (namely trampolines) can contribute to improving the motor skills of children with ASD.
- Mental Health, Overweight, and Physical Exercise in Young Portuguese Adults: A Cross-Sectional StudyPublication . Gonçalves, Tânia; Monteiro, Diogo; Matos, Rui; Duarte-Mendes, Pedro; Couto, Nuno; Antunes, Raul; Oliveira Diz, Susana Cristina; Amaro, Nuno; Susano Jacinto, Miguel ÂngeloThe aim of this study was to see if there are any associations between mental health, Body Mass Index (BMI), and physical exercise (PE) in young Portuguese adults. The sample consisted of 414 people aged between 18 and 25 years old. A sociodemographic questionnaire designed for this study and the Mental Health Inventory were used. To analyze the results, the total sample was divided according to the criteria “BMI ≥ 5 kg/m2”; “BMI < 25 kg/m2”; “does not practice PE”; and “practices PE”, and sample groups were formed with these names. It was found that there was an association between the dimensions of the Mental Health Inventory and the average time spent practicing PE in the total sample (r from 0.099 to 0.160) and in individuals with a BMI < 25 kg/m2 (r = 0.154 and 0.169). In individuals with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2, there was an association between the ‘BMI’ and depression variables (r = −0.174). In all groups, associations were found between the variables of age and BMI (r from 0.120 to 0.216). There was also a significant effect of group (non-exercise vs. exercise groups) on the dependent variables, Λ = 0.972, F(5, 408) = 2.329, p = 0.042, η2p = 0.28. This study confirms the association between PE and mental health and suggests that BMI may have an influence on the appearance of depressive symptoms in young Portuguese adults.
- Research note of the social support, resilience and subjective well-being in Portuguese athletes with disabilitiesPublication . Leitão Mira, Tânia Soraia; Costa, Aldo Filipe Matos Moreira Carvalho; Susano Jacinto, Miguel Ângelo; Monteiro, Diogo; Matos, Rui; Oliveira Diz, Susana Cristina; Antunes, RaulThis review aims to summarise the studies’ insightful exploration of the relationship between adapted sport, social support, resilience, and well-being among Portuguese athletes with disabilities. The research emphasises the crucial role of social support in access to sport, but interestingly, it may not always be directly correlated with resilience or subjective well-being. Athletes with disabilities show high resilience and positive affect while scoring lower regarding negative affect. Technical support is vital for federated athletes with disabilities, and friendships are universally significant. Resilience emerges as a central factor, with strong associations with subjective well-being, indicating its importance in the sporting context. In addition, resilience appears to buffer negative emotions, emphasising its crucial role. In conclusion, these results challenge existing assumptions and emphasise the multifaceted nature of the relationship between social support, resilience and well-being among athletes with disabilities. This knowledge has practical implications for stakeholders, including parents, coaches, therapists, psychologists, and society. They underline the importance of fostering inclusive sports programmes and promoting awareness and partnerships to improve the well-being, resilience and social support of individuals with disabilities, ultimately contributing to their personal development, quality of life and social integration. Policymakers and organisations should consider these conclusions when formulating education and sports policies.
- The effect of practicing sports on the body composition and physical fitness of people with intellectual and developmental disabilitiesPublication . Oliveira Diz, Susana Cristina; Susano Jacinto, Miguel Ângelo; Costa, Aldo Filipe Matos Moreira Carvalho; Matos, Rui; Monteiro, Diogo; Teixeira, José E.; Antunes, RaulIntroduction: People with IDD tend to have a sedentary lifestyle, which affects their health and physical fitness. Methods: The aim of this study was to analyses the effect of a sport-based intervention, with weekly 60-min sessions over 36 weeks, on the body composition and functional physical fitness of people with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD). The sample consisted of 36 institutionalized participants with IDD, divided into two groups: experimental group with 23 participants (M = 37.26; SD = 13.84) and control group with 13 individuals (M = 38.31; SD = 14.22). A stadiometer, bioimpedance equipment and the Hand Grip, Sit and Stand, Timed Up and Go and 6 Min Walk tests were used to assess the variables of interest. Results: The experimental group showed statistically significant values in body mass index (p = 0.01; r = 0.301), muscle mass (p < 0.01; r = 0.431), Sit and Stand Test (p = 0.01; r = 0.324) and 6 Min Walk Test (p < 0.01; r = 0.399). Discussion: The results suggest that long-term programs based on the practice of sports can bring benefits to the body composition and functional physical fitness of adults with IDD.
- Impact of Muscle Mass and Muscle Strength on Quality of Life of Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental DisabilitiesPublication . Antunes, Raul; Jacinto, Miguel; Monteiro, Diogo; Duarte-Mendes, Pedro; Couto, Nuno; Oliveira Diz, Susana Cristina; Matos, Rui; Amaro, NunoThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between muscle strength and perceived quality of life in individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs). A cross-sectional study was carried out, which involved 37 participants with a mean age of 39.08 years (SD = 0.05), ranging from 20 to 58 years. The participants were assessed on anthropometric and body composition parameters, a 30 s chair stand test and isokinetic dynamometry. Quality of life was assessed using the Portuguese version of the Personal Outcomes Scale. Pearson’s correlation analyses were carried out to examine the associations between strength measures and quality of life. Significant correlations were observed between strength measures and quality of life. In addition, lower limb muscle strength, particularly in flexion (left: r = 0.450; p ≤ 0.001; right: r = 0.504; p ≤ 0.001) and extension (r = 0.328; p = 0.05), showed positive correlations with quality of life. These findings provide preliminary evidence suggesting that muscle mass and strength may serve as potential predictors of quality of life in individuals with IDD.