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- Pelvetia canaliculata como suplemento de ração para dourada (Sparus aurata): uma abordagem de biorrefinaria para valorização da biomassa de algasPublication . Forte, Sara Nunes; Baptista, Teresa Maria Coelho; Tecelão, Carla Sofia Ramos; Neves, Marta Maria de Melo LopesO contínuo aumento do setor da aquacultura tem trazido várias preocupações, sendo uma delas os impactos ambientais que provoca, visto que as rações são fabricadas à base de ingredientes de origem marinha, tais como a proteína e o óleo de peixe. As algas marinhas têm sido alvo de estudos, devido aos seus compostos bioativos com diversas atividades como antioxidante, com o propósito de tornar as aquaculturas sustentáveis e economicamente viáveis. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a incorporação da alga P. canaliculata em pó (1%, 5% e 10%) e resíduo da mesma alga (1% e 10%), obtidos após a sua suplementação em óleo de girassol, em rações para aquacultura de dourada (Sparus aurata), e os efeitos que esta incorporação teve no desempenho de crescimento, perfil hematológico, parâmetros imunológicos, metabólicos, stress oxidativo e perfil nutricional do músculo. A suplementação das rações melhorou os parâmetros de crescimento, especialmente nos peixes alimentados com a dieta Resíduo 1%, não tendo afetado significativamente o perfil hematológico. No que respeitaao stress oxidativo, as douradasalimentadas com as dietas Pel 5% e 10% apresentaram melhores resultados, nomeadamente, nas atividades das enzimas catalase e superóxido dismutase. Nas análises da peroxidação lipídica, glutationa-s-transferase e glutationa total não se registaram diferenças provocadas pelas várias dietas estudadas. As amostras de músculo de peixes alimentados com a ração Pel 5% apresentaram o menor teor de lípidos, quantidade superior de proteína e maior percentagem de PUFA, características particularmente apreciadas pelos consumidores. Os resultados obtidos indiciam que a suplementação de rações com P. canaliculata liofilizada oucom oseu resíduo, obtidoapósincorporação em óleo de girassol, é adequada para a alimentação de juvenis de douradas em aquacultura.
- Proximate composition and fatty acid profile of Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) fed with Pelvetia canaliculata supplemented diets: An insight towards the valorization of seaweed biomassPublication . Antunes, Madalena; Neves, Marta; Pires, Damiana; Passos, Ricardo; Carmo, Beatriz do; Tchobanov, Carolina F.; Forte, Sara; Vaz, Mariana; Baptista, Teresa; Tecelão, CarlaSeaweeds are a sustainable source of protein and lipids that may be used to replace fish by-products in aquaculture feed. This study aimed at using the macroalgae Pelvetia canaliculata as an ingredient in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) feed, either as freeze-dried powder or as algae residue (waste) that was obtained after the supplementation of sunflower oil. The formulated diets and the fish muscle were analyzed concerning the proximate composition and the fatty acid profile. The health lipid indices hypocholesterolemic/ hypercholesterolemic (h/H), atherogenic (AI), thrombogenic (TI), as well as n-3/n-6 and polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid (PUFA/SFA) ratios were calculated. Additionally, the peroxidizability index (PI) was determined. No differences were observed in the proximate composition of fish muscle regardless of the diet used. Fish fed a diet supplemented with 10% of algae waste (W10) stand out for the highest content in oleic acid (C18:1 n-9), and the lowest in both linoleic (C18:2 n-6) and palmitic (C16:0) fatty acids. All fish samples showed values of health lipid indices within the limits recommend for a nutritional balanced diet. These results highlight that fish fed diets supplemented with P. canaliculata are sources of healthy lipids that might be consumed on a regular basis to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
- Pelvetia canaliculata as an aquafeed supplement for gilthead seabream Sparus aurata: A biorefinery approach for seaweed biomass valorisationPublication . Pires, Damiana; Passos, Ricardo; Carmo, Beatriz do; Tchobanov, Carolina F.; Forte, Sara; Vaz, Mariana; Antunes, Madalena; Tecelão, Carla; Baptista, TeresaFor sustainable and economically viable aquaculture, it is necessary to search for alternative sources of aquafeeds. Algae have been studied because of their bioactive compounds with several activities such as antioxidants. The direct incorporation of the macroalgae Pelvetia canaliculata in sunflower oil to increase oxidative stability and biological value results in waste with high nutritional value that may be used as an ingredient in aquaculture feed. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporating algae powder (PEL 1%, PEL 10%) and algae waste obtained after sunflower oil supplementation (WO 1%, WO 10%) in aquafeeds for gilthead seabream. We studied the growth performance, haematological profile, oxidative stress and metabolic parameters, and intestine histomorphology. Experimental diets did not influence growth performance or somatic indexes, and barely affected the haematological profile. Catalase showed higher activity in seabream fed with PEL10 than with control diet. Total glutathione had a higher activity in fish fed with both WO diets. Plasmatic levels of cholesterol were higher in PEL1 and WO10. Triglyceride levels were higher in WO1 and total lipids were higher in both WO diets. The histomorphology of the intestine was slightly modulated by experimental diets but was not affected negatively. In general, supplementation with Pelvetia powder and algal waste oil may be used as an aquafeed for gilthead seabream according to the results obtained for growth, some haematological parameters, catalase and total glutathione, intestinal villi length, and the number of total and acid goblet cells.