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- Physical Activity, Quality of Live and Well-Being in Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental DisabilityPublication . Diz, Susana; Jacinto, Miguel; Costa, Aldo M.; Monteiro, Diogo; Matos, Rui; Antunes, RaulThe practice of physical activity, exercise and sport has many benefits for the general population, but studies on the population with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are scarce and inconclusive. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the state of the art on the role of physical activity, exercise and sport in the quality of life and well-being of people with IDD, seeking to understand the current panorama in this area and provide answers to these questions. The research was carried out between July and October 2023 using three databases: PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Fifteen articles met the eligibility criteria for this study, and these were methodologically assessed using the Downs and Black scale (1998). Higher values were identified in the total quality of life score and some domains of this variable (e.g., personal development, physical well-being and emotional well-being), in satisfaction with life and in the perception of well-being in individuals with IDD who have enjoyed or are involved in physical activity, physical exercise and/or sports programs. Thus, according to the studies included in this systematic review, we can conclude that the practice of physical activity, physical exercise and sport seems to contribute to improving the quality of life and well-being of people with IDD. Despite the growing research interest in this area, there is still a notable lack of studies exploring the impact of these programs, especially sports-based programs, on quality of life and well-being variables in the population under study.
- The Effects of a Multi-Sports Program on the Physical Fitness, Quality of Life, and Well-Being of People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities—A Study ProtocolPublication . Diz, Susana; Costa, Aldo M.; Jacinto, Miguel; Monteiro, Diogo; Amaro, Nuno; Rodrigues, Filipe; Matos, Rui; Antunes, RaulWe intend to develop an intervention program based on sports for people with Intellectual and Developmental Disability (IDD) to analyze its effects on physical fitness, quality of life (QoL), and well-being. The convenience sample will consist of at least 24 participants aged between 18 and 65, of both sexes, who are institutionalized with a previous diagnosis of IDD and no associated comorbidities (e.g., visual impairment or cerebral palsy). The participants will be divided into two groups: (i) the experimental group and (ii) the control group. The experimental group will have a weekly session, lasting 60 min, for 36 weeks. There will be a baseline assessment, a final assessment, and a follow-up assessment (three months after the end of the program). The results of this study are intended to contribute to the development of more assertive community interventions, based on sports, for the benefit of this population.
- Research note of the social support, resilience and subjective well-being in Portuguese athletes with disabilitiesPublication . Leitão Mira, Tânia Soraia; Costa, Aldo Filipe Matos Moreira Carvalho; Susano Jacinto, Miguel Ângelo; Monteiro, Diogo; Matos, Rui; Oliveira Diz, Susana Cristina; Antunes, RaulThis review aims to summarise the studies’ insightful exploration of the relationship between adapted sport, social support, resilience, and well-being among Portuguese athletes with disabilities. The research emphasises the crucial role of social support in access to sport, but interestingly, it may not always be directly correlated with resilience or subjective well-being. Athletes with disabilities show high resilience and positive affect while scoring lower regarding negative affect. Technical support is vital for federated athletes with disabilities, and friendships are universally significant. Resilience emerges as a central factor, with strong associations with subjective well-being, indicating its importance in the sporting context. In addition, resilience appears to buffer negative emotions, emphasising its crucial role. In conclusion, these results challenge existing assumptions and emphasise the multifaceted nature of the relationship between social support, resilience and well-being among athletes with disabilities. This knowledge has practical implications for stakeholders, including parents, coaches, therapists, psychologists, and society. They underline the importance of fostering inclusive sports programmes and promoting awareness and partnerships to improve the well-being, resilience and social support of individuals with disabilities, ultimately contributing to their personal development, quality of life and social integration. Policymakers and organisations should consider these conclusions when formulating education and sports policies.
- The effect of practicing sports on the body composition and physical fitness of people with intellectual and developmental disabilitiesPublication . Oliveira Diz, Susana Cristina; Susano Jacinto, Miguel Ângelo; Costa, Aldo Filipe Matos Moreira Carvalho; Matos, Rui; Monteiro, Diogo; Teixeira, José E.; Antunes, RaulIntroduction: People with IDD tend to have a sedentary lifestyle, which affects their health and physical fitness. Methods: The aim of this study was to analyses the effect of a sport-based intervention, with weekly 60-min sessions over 36 weeks, on the body composition and functional physical fitness of people with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD). The sample consisted of 36 institutionalized participants with IDD, divided into two groups: experimental group with 23 participants (M = 37.26; SD = 13.84) and control group with 13 individuals (M = 38.31; SD = 14.22). A stadiometer, bioimpedance equipment and the Hand Grip, Sit and Stand, Timed Up and Go and 6 Min Walk tests were used to assess the variables of interest. Results: The experimental group showed statistically significant values in body mass index (p = 0.01; r = 0.301), muscle mass (p < 0.01; r = 0.431), Sit and Stand Test (p = 0.01; r = 0.324) and 6 Min Walk Test (p < 0.01; r = 0.399). Discussion: The results suggest that long-term programs based on the practice of sports can bring benefits to the body composition and functional physical fitness of adults with IDD.