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  • Industry 4.0 - Digital Twin Applied to Direct Digital Manufacturing
    Publication . Vitorino, João; Ribeiro, Eliseu; Silva, Rúben; Santos, Cyril; Carreira, Pedro; Mitchell, Geoffrey; Mateus, Artur
    Marinha Grande is a city in Leiria’s district, Portugal. Marinha Grande is known as the moulding city, influenced by the glass, plastic and rapid manufacturing industry. Its history comes from the 18th century with the first glass factory. In order to improve technological development in the local industry, Centre for rapid and sustainable product development (CDRsp) was established in 2007. With that historical know-how and data-based moulding manufacturing, this work goal is to link that data with today’s technology, implementing the Industry 4.0. That information would be stored in a Cloud-Based Design and Manufacturing (CBDM) as well as the real-time operational data. Accessing to that cloud, the design and production engineers can work together to digitally create a product without having to stop the machinery. To implement these concepts, this paper suggests a Digital Twin (DT) to take advantage of the historical information allied to the existent industrial machinery. It suggests a digital twin of a robotic arm with an additive or hybrid manufacturing tool, printing big parts (e.g. garden benches or urban furniture) with reused materials such as tire, cork, wood or stone pow loads.
  • Adaptive Platforms and Flexible Deposition System for Big Area Additive Manufacturing (BAAM)
    Publication . Silva, Ruben; Sereno, Pedro; Mateus, Artur; Mitchell, Geoffrey; José da Silva Carreira, Pedro; Santos, Cyril; Vitorino, João; Domingues, Jorge
    The interest around the additive manufacturing is increasing, with more and more solutions at both the industrial and desktop levels. As this is still a relatively recent issue for several industrial areas, there is a clear opportunity to explore in order to optimize the systems in the face of the needs of these same industries, and with increasing times, there are increasing factors to take into ac- count in initial phases of new product development. Presently, there is also a growing ecological awareness, with the concern of implementing a logic of waste reduction and implementation of the circular economy in new products with a view to the valuation of new alternative materials. With the development of solutions aimed at the optimization and feasibility of large additive manufacturing systems, the introduction of new alternative materials will be a reality, presenting in this article a solution and methodology for future tests for new materials. Thus, herein is studied a way of responding to both problems, new ecological materials and BAAM system optimization, presented through a hybrid and flexible solution based on the Pin Bed Forming principle applied to Big Area Additive Manufacturing systems.
  • Experimental study on 3D printing of concrete with overhangs
    Publication . Brun, Francis; Gaspar, Florindo; Mateus, Artur; Vitorino, João; Diz, Francisco
    The construction industry has been receiving in the recent past years the 3D printing technology as an emerging technology. Several researchers and companies have been reporting a number of case studies that show the possibilities of this technology regarding the dimensions, shape, building time, finishing and the material characteristics. It is commonly accepted that one of the big advantages of 3D printing is its possibility regarding the shape of the printed object since it can be easily changed each time a new piece is printed. This possibility raises some challenges regarding the printing limits, that are needed to the project design, such as to create overhangs. In this sense, a work was carried out to evaluate and optimize concrete printing mixtures and assess the 3D concrete printing of elements with overhangs. This paper presents the work carried out, showing the optimization of mixture composition for the binder/aggregate ratio, cement/fly ash ratio, and amount of superplasticizer and hardening accelerator, and evaluating their printing performance and mechanical properties. Printing of overhangs was possible for angles with the vertical direction till 17.5º.