CARME - Capítulos de livros
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- Assessment of Job Satisfaction in Nurses: Contributions to Health ManagementPublication . Costeira, Cristina; Santos-Costa, Paulo; Oliveira-Salgueiro, Anabela; Santos, Cátia; Pais, Nelson; Ventura, FilipaBackground: Evidence reflects that job satisfaction is an indicator of the quality of health care. Health managers and decision-makers cannot neglect its importance and should promote organizational interventions for its assessment and improvement. Objective: This study aims to (i) compare the job satisfaction experienced by nurses with the one desired (ii) identify the lowest areas of current satisfaction and (iii) reflect in areas of lowest and higher job satisfaction. Method: A descriptive study carried out in September 2021 with thirty oncology nurses, who were asked to fill out an electronic questionnaire with the professional life wheel coaching tool. This coaching diagnostic tool assesses the current satisfaction level and the desired satisfaction level from 1 to 10. The inquired areas were: salary, career progression, relationships with managers, relationships with the team, relationships with patients/family, professional environment, feeling of institutional belonging, working conditions, appreciation/recognition, and professional fulfillment. Ethical assumptions were preserved. Results: The results suggest that oncology nurses have important levels of job dissatisfaction. The lowest values of experienced job satisfaction were related to career development, while the highest were related to team relationships. Regarding the desired job satisfaction, the salary was the area presenting the least need for correction. The relationship with patients and families was identified as the area with the greatest desire for improvement. There was a weak correlation between job satisfaction and age, and job satisfaction and professional experience. Discussion and Conclusion: The relationship with the team was one of the areas identified by nurses as significant for their levels of satisfaction, revealing the importance of promoting the development of healthful and effective relationships. Promoting relationships with patients and families is also important as this area was identified as a desire for greater professional development. Health care institutions and nurse managers aiming at the promotion of job satisfaction should plan interventions focusing on the areas of lower job satisfaction and towards younger nurses, who have less experience in clinical environments. Such an approach will likely allow the nurses to feel valued and will reduce the gap between experienced and desired job satisfaction.
- Informational Heritage and the Relation Between Information Science Museology: Information Professional Performance ProjectsPublication . Carvalho, Milena; Martins, Susana; Castro, Maria João; Santos, Eleonora; de Carvalho, Ana Branca SoeiroThe museum transforms objects into perceptible information as it is a repository of information. Therefore, Culture and Museology use information and communication technologies as mediating communication tools, enhancing the conservation and “socialization” of museum collections, promoting access to cultural information, through the interdisciplinarity required between the museologist and other professionals who, together, organize and disseminate the collections. The enhancement of Cultural Heritage is the link between Museology and Information Science and involves valuing the human action of creating, interpreting, using, selecting, and distributing knowledge products and records, thus creating a connection with the concept of information. Hence, information is central to the process of cultural development and it is important to highlight the role of the information professional who, using information and communication technologies, can act in areas based on informational heritage. This paper using literature review as a methodology by defining the theoretical framework and the conceptual structure that supports the article, which clarifies the relationship between Information Science, Heritage, and Museology, presenting the information professional as a partner of Museology, working the cultural object as a document with communicative properties, as a message intended for a specific audience and as information that impacts that audience. Projects are presented that demonstrate this connection and performance.
- Brand and Competitiveness in Health and Wellness TourismPublication . Santos, Eleonora; Crespo, Cátia; Moreira, Jacinta; Castanho, Rui AlexandreHealth and wellness tourism is growing worldwide, triggering a resurgence of competition in this segment and a clear need for the supply to develop new products and services, increasingly creative and exclusive, capable of attracting tourists. Thermal waters in Portugal are considered very rich in terms of chemical composition, which makes their use highly important in various wellness and rejuvenating therapies like balneotherapy, thermalism, etc. This enables the country to pursue a differentiated wellness-related experience product, which is a key determinant of customer loyalty and can play an important role in regional development. Natural resources contribute to the strengths of territories and can be leveraged by marketing tools such as brands. This article intends to draw inferences about the effect of the brand on the competitiveness of the wellness tourism supply, across NUTS II regions of the continent, during the period of ten years, with a special focus on the recent period of the COVID-19 pandemic. With a sample of 10 spas in Portugal, retrieved from SABI database, we analyze the evolution of four competitiveness indicators: market share, productivity, return on investment and talent retention, for 2010–2020, by clusters of firms with and without brand. The correlation analysis between brand and competitiveness indicators suggests a strong positive and significant relationship between brand and market share, in the Centro and Lisbon regions, starting in 2017 and increasing over time. Finally, some recommendations on tourism management are made to improve the competitiveness of the supply.
- Business Strategies and University-Pharmaceutical Industry CollaborationPublication . Santos, Eleonora; Moreira, Jacinta; Castanho, Rui AlexandreThe literature provides plenty of evidence that innovation is a key driver of corporate competitiveness. However, R&D involves many financial resources. Thus, a way to overcome firms’ financial constraints is to form partnerships and collaborations with universities, usually funded by public capital, to achieve strategic corporate objectives. Therefore, and considering that the pharmaceutical industry is the one that most depends on the results of R&D, this article is a case study of how a pharmaceutical company in the Centro region of Portugal, where there is already a health cluster, incorporated the collaboration with the university in its long-term business strategy. We employ a narrative analysis of the media news, to show the management capacity in dealing with numerous and continuous challenges of the present context to continue pursuing the company’s long-term goals. The results show that the corporate strategy is based on two main aspects, on the one hand, collaboration with the university aiming at technological differentiation and, on the other, on the flexibility of production to achieve long term growth. Our contribution to the literature on the subject is twofold. First, we introduce the specific case of the pharmaceutical industry and argue that geographical distance is important to establish collaborations with academia due to the nature of the research (human health) that relies greatly in labs with human experiments. Second, we identify and highlight the role of Innovation prizes and publishing agreements as part of a strategy to attract talents and gain access to innovation, and to retain and increase the number of customers, as well as to improve the company's notoriety and reputation.
- Competitiveness of the Medical Tourism Supply in PortugalPublication . Santos, Eleonora; Moreira, Jacinta; Castanho, Rui Alexandre; Carvalho, Milena; Martins, SusanaSince 2008, government and private hospitals, recognizing the growth potential of specialization in certain medical procedures, started to promote Portugal as a medical tourism destination. As a result, the country is internationally recognized in areas such as oncology, neuroscience, immunology, nanomedicine, and regenerative medicine, and as having an internationally accredited modern healthcare network based on innovation in therapeutic processes and products, qualified professionals, and state-of-the-art equipment. However, previous literature suggests that the lack of cooperation between the stakeholders is major obstacle to international performance. Moreover, the pandemic has caused restrictions to international travels, contributing to the decrease of demand for medical tourism. Thus, this paper analyzes the evolution of the competitiveness of the medical tourism supply during the pandemic. Using an unbalanced panel of 157 private hospitals, collected from SABI for 2011 to 2020, we calculated four performance indicators: market share, return on investment, productivity and talent retention. Results point to the possession of key factors to ensure the success and development of a consolidated supply of medical tourism. The paper makes recommendations on the strategies to increase competitiveness of medical tourism supply
- Does Inbound Tourism Create Employment?Publication . Santos, EleonoraTourism’s share in world employment is greater than that for motor-vehicles and chemicals industries combined, worldwide. Since tourism sector comprises many NACE sectors, it exerts non despicable indirect impacts on the rest of the economy. In addition, tourism offices around the world spend every year millions of euros in tourism campaigns to attract foreign tourists. For many economies, this source of income is vital for the equilibrium of their external balance accounts. Yet, one aspect that is not well studied is the influence of those foreign tourists on job creation on tourism related companies, in the host country, namely in the hospitality industry. Thus, this paper tests whether foreign outdoor tourists have contributed to job creation in Northern Portugal in 2006–2014. Based on data from 4 sources, it employs an OLS estimator to regress the employment changes on the number of new firms, turnover, share of foreigners in outdoor tourism activities, and labor productivity. Results indicate a negative but not statistically significant impact of foreign tourists on employment changes. Such results motivate further empirical investigation.
- Promoting Social Innovation Projects with an Online Course: Creating Global Solutions for SustainabilityPublication . Calvo, Sara; Morales, Andrés; Castanho, Rui Alexandre; Santos, EleonoraSocial innovation is the process by which new ways of doing things are created to respond to the needs of society. This can be technological, for example embracing online or open-source technology, or it can be social, fostering local entrepreneurship. The objective of this chapter is to explore social innovation initiatives that have been carried out because of an online course created in FutureLearn. This study aims to provide the reader with an idea of the relevance of social innovation to create global solutions. This study included a mixed methods approach; a FutureLearn dataset, a feedback questionnaire, and semi-structured interviews with learners. The MOOC was reported to provide confidence for those starting Social Innovation related initiatives. The findings confirmed that some learners have used the course to grow or scale their existing projects. It also confirmed that learners had been sharing the learning with a wide range of other projects and individuals. This demonstrates a way of scaling up social innovation knowledge, ideas and projects that would never be possible with other face to face or online conventional courses. This research offers insight into the development of sustainable social innovation initiatives and how educational technology facilitates and enhance these processes. This study will be of interest to researchers, academics, and students in the fields of social innovation, education, and sustainability.
- Is There an Economic Bias in Academic Success?Publication . Santos, Eleonora; Carvalho, Milena; Martins, SusanaThis paper analyses whether schools with better scores in National Exams are in regions NUTs III with greater purchasing power. Accordingly, we analyse the evolution of the ranking of schools considering the purchasing power of the regions where they are located. Using data collected in the media, related to school rankings by region for 2008 and 2014 and in Pordata database for regional purchasing power in 2007 and 2011, we calculate location and specialization measures and perform a regional shift-share analysis. The results show that schools located in regions with very high and high purchasing powers rank first, and both structural and regional changes are positive. A notable exception is the region of Alto Alentejo with a medium purchasing power. In contrast, regions with low purchasing power show negative structural and regional changes. These results indicate that, with an exception, the gap between regions of low and high purchasing powers has been perpetuated.
- Business Plan Globetrot Plus Blockchain B2C Artificial Intelligence Solution for Tourism IndustryPublication . Syed, Hassan; Castanho, Rui Alexandre; Santos, Eleonora; García, Pablo Juan Cárdenas; Franco, MaraTravel is the ideal outcome for online diffusion. Unlike buying in most industries, the travel trade implicates the exchange, not physical inventory; however, it demands information. The tourist must select from many imaginable products, services, and fees that may differ with the minor adjustment of any parameters. Suppose, for example, a one-way airplane ticket. That ticket, for the same seat on an equivalent airplane, could be significantly more or less costly should the consumer decide to take delivery of the product (i.e., departure date or time) only a few hours earlier or later. The price for the same effect could likewise vary if the tourist was to complete the acquisition a day before or later. The special dynamics of travel shopping and buying are ideally fitted to the Internet, and the result of this creative medium has been nothing less than stunning. In this regard, the article is based on direct and indirect methods—being the literature review the most used technique. Contextually, in this study, it is possible to verify that the AI-combined Blockchain solution may seem a bit advanced at this stage; however, with further innovations, entering the applied field will certainty make this concept a reality.
- Responsible Management Through Responsible Education: The Central Role of Higher-Education LecturersPublication . Gomes, Jorge; Marques, TâniaThe ambition underlying the Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME) is not trivial. Stating that “PRME engages business and management schools to ensure they provide future leaders with the skills needed to balance economic and sustainability goals” (https://www.unprme.org/about) is an exceptional objective for several reasons. First, it will be a colossal task to persuade the existing 16,000 business and management programs all over the world to adhere to the PRME. Second, business and management schools are historically designed to perpetuate a particular economic model, in which words such as profit, growth, and competition are far more culturally entrenched than sustainability, responsibility, and cooperation. Third, even if change starts at an institutional level, the challenge of cascading down change to the individual level will be extraordinary. Fourth, the rapid and recent evolution of digital and remote learning has brought new issues into play, such as the roles of trust and influence in a virtual education environment.