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- Characterising Enterprise Application Integration Solutions as Discrete-Event SystemsPublication . Sawicki, Sandro; Frantz, Rafael Z.; Basto-Fernandes, Vitor; Fabricia Roos-Frantz, Fabricia; Yevseyeva, Iryna; Corchuelo, RafaelIt is not difficult to find an enterprise which has a software ecosystem composed of applications that were built using different technologies, data models, operating systems, and most often were not designed to exchange data and share functionalities. Enterprise Application Integration provides methodologies and tools to design and implement integration solutions. The state-of-the-art integration technologies provide a domain-specific language that enables the design of conceptual models for integration solutions. The analysis of integration solutions to predict their behaviour and find possible performance bottlenecks is an important activity that contributes to increase the quality of the delivered solutions, however, software engineers follow a costly, risky, and time-consuming approach. Integration solutions shall be understood as a discrete-event system. This chapter introduces a new approach based on simulation to take advantage of well-established techniques and tools for discrete-event simulation, cutting down cost, risk, and time to deliver better integration solutions.
- Sustainability Assessment of Building Rehabilitation Solutions: The Mid 70s Portuguese BuildingPublication . Reis, Alexandre; Heleno, Lizete; Monteiro, Silvia; Oliveira, Nelson S.The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) establishes improvements to buildings’ comfort conditions and energy performance, bringing them closer to buildings with almost zero energy needs, namely the Nearly Zero Energy Building (NZEBs). The assessment tools for sustainable construction, more recognized internationally, are LEED and BREEAM, and in Portugal is the LiderA. The application of those tools promotes energy efficiency and decarbonization of buildings, as referred to in the Portuguese Long-Term Strategy for Building Renovation (LTRS-PT) until 2050. In this case, a house representative of the construction of the period between 1971 and 1980 in Portugal was chosen to evaluate environmental sustainability using LiderA. In the current conditions, the LiderA rating class of the house was D. To improve the performance of the building were identified balanced rehabilitation solutions without excessive automation. The presented solutions should avoid transforming the house into a complicated device with operational difficulties or specialized operation. In this way, the proposed interventions in the building and systems are based on renewable sources, prioritizing energy and water efficiency. Furthermore, as a contribution to the health and well-being of the occupants, we considered measures related to indoor air quality (IAQ) and noise minimization. In addition, the encouragement of native species has contributed to ecological enhancement. With that proposals, the house rating class using LiderA improved from class D to class A+.
- Sustainability Performance of Buildings in the Project Stage—Residence StudentsPublication . Heleno, Lizete; Baptista, Pedro; Marta Gregório; Oliveira, Nelson S.; Monteiro, SilviaIn recent years, the concept of sustainable construction has been promoted by demand and by regulations. Several methodologies to assess the sustainability of the construction have been spread across the world, by several countries for almost all continents. This study focuses on the most used construction sustainability assessment methodologies, which were compared with the Portuguese methodology, LiderA. It was found that the LiderA is the sustainability system with the greatest number of relevant criteria, considering the three dimensions of sustainability, environment, economy and social. Considering the 5 phases of the construction life cycle, the importance to apply these methodologies in construction is crucial in the early phases. It can help to draft the sustainability classification of the building. To apply the LiderA was used a residence of students, a building composed of apartments, in the phase of planning. All of the 40 criteria from the LiderA were classified from F to A++, according to the project of the residence of students. The final classification, as it was projected, was A, meaning that the building has an environmental performance 50% higher than usual practice. The category of criteria with the highest contribution was the category of quality of service and resilience, with a percentage of achievement greater than 50%. The local dynamics and the resources category were the categories with the lowest contribution, and they have the potential to be reevaluated by the building promoter, since it has the potential to improve the sustainability classification of the residence of students.