Browsing by Author "Ratten, V."
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- Comparative Analysis of the Importance of Determining Factors in the Choice and Sale of ApartmentsPublication . Santos, E.; Tavares, F.; Tavares, V.; Ratten, V.The motivation to compare the importance that buyers and sellers give to the diverse characteristics of apartments is its pertinency to grasping the housing market. The objective of this article is to compare the determining factors in the choice and sale of apartments among the potential buyers and sellers. During a sale, the realtors exhibit the dwellings’ positive characteristics, the so-called amenities. The homebuyers must analyse the deal in a rational and well-weighed way, striving to know its characteristics to reduce the information asymmetry. The study focuses on two distinct samples, with the common goal of transacting housing. One of the samples is composed of individuals who are looking for apartments, and the other one of individuals who are selling apartments, both being collected in mainland Portugal. It was verified that there are statistically significant differences between buyers and sellers. Buyers give more importance to certain rooms and the inexistence of negative externalities near their future residence. Sellers emphasise positive externalities and parking spots. This study is expected to contribute to the increase in scientific knowledge on the housing market and to the decrease of the information asymmetry between sellers and buyers. Knowing the importance that buyers and sellers give to the main different factors in the Portuguese real estate market constitutes an advancement of knowledge in this area.
- Determining Factors in the Choice of Apartments in Portugal: A Confirmatory Factor AnalysisPublication . Tavares, F.; Santos, E.; Tavares, V.; Ratten, V.Buying housing is often the biggest transaction in the families’ lives. Therefore, this is an important reason to know and to study the determining factors of that purchase. This chapter aims to analyze which factors contribute to the choice of apartments in Portugal the most. To carry out this study, a quantitative methodology based on a questionnaire survey which analyzes both the determining factors in the choice of apartments and the sociodemographic profile was used. The sample is composed of 646 individuals who were looking for an apartment in different regions of mainland Portugal. The results show that the determining factors scale in the choice of apartments presents largely adequate levels of validity and reliability, being composed of four factors: negative externalities, positive externalities, businesses located on the ground floor, and rational interest in proximity to public services. The results also identify that the positive externalities contribute significantly to the apartment’s choice. In Portugal, there is no study with this depth about this subject. The validation of an assessment scale of determining factors in the choice of apartments in the Portuguese real estate market is ground-breaking. This study is expected to contribute to the expansion of scientific knowledge in this theme and to help real estate developers meet their customers’ preferences.
- Exploratory Analysis of the Christmas Symbology ImportancePublication . Santos, E.; Tavares, F.; Tavares, V.; Ratten, V.The purpose of this investigation is to study the Christmas symbology importance and its relationship with consumerism in the Christmas season. An exploratory study is carried out, and it is based on a questionnaire survey consisting of three parts: estimated consumption in the Christmas season, the importance of the Christmas symbology and some sociodemographic variables. The sample in this study is composed of 1086 Portuguese individuals, who are over 18 years old. The results show that the variable Christmas symbology presents good reliability and a structure with three factors: Christmas season Ornaments, Prosperity and Abundance, and Nativity and History of Jesus. The Christmas tree, the Christmas lights and the nativity of Jesus are the symbols to which people grant higher levels of importance. The greater the importance given to Christmas symbols, the greater the estimated consumption value in the Christmas season, while the factor Nativity and History of Jesus is the one which contributes the most to consumerism. This chapter develops a comprehensive study that is expected to contribute to understand the Christmas symbology importance for the Portuguese population and its relationship with consumerism. This chapter explores an area in which there are few studies, because it is not only about the Christmas symbology importance but also about its relationship with consumerism in the Christmas season. The different symbols which characterize this season are filled with stories and meaning, giving the people’s lives importance. Therefore, this study is both groundbreaking and relevant for the Portuguese population.
- How is risk different in family and non-family businesses? - a comparative statistical analysis during the COVID-19 pandemicPublication . Santos, E.; Ratten, Vanessa; Tavares, F.; Ratten, V.Abstract Purpose – Risk is part of corporate activity and a consequence of the businesses’ demands, the market and the changes in companies and their surroundings. The way that risk is managed is different between family and non-family businesses. The paper aims to compare the different risk types experienced in the context of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic among family and non-family businesses and to analyze whether operational, legal, strategic and image risks influence financial risks. Design/methodology/approach – The nature of the study is quantitative and based on a questionnaire survey that analyses the perception of risks by 1,090 family businesses and 557 non-family businesses. Findings – The results show the existence of statistically significant differences in the perception of financial and legal risks between family and non-family businesses, where the former being the businesses that give more importance to these risks. The perception of operational, legal, strategic and image risks have a positive influence on the perception of financial risk in family and non-family businesses. Originality/value – The results obtained in the study are important because they allow an understanding about the differences in risk management between family and non-family businesses, which can lead to greater corporate sustainability and increased financial performance.
- Impact of motivations to buy and offer gifts in consumerism at ChristmasPublication . Santos, E.; Diogo, A.; Ratten, V.; Tavares, F.This article aims to analyze a conceptual model composed of the variables motivation to buy, motivation to offer gifts and compulsive consumerism at Christmas time. In order to achieve the proposed objective, a quantitative methodology based on a questionnaire survey was used. The sample consists of 1086 Portuguese individuals, over 18 years old. To evaluate the model, structural equation modeling with partial least squares was used. The results show that the motivations to buy and to offer gifts positively influence compulsive consumerism at Christmas time, and that the motivation to buy positively influences the motivation to offer gifts at Christmas time. The model also demonstrates that the motivation to offer gifts plays a mediating role in the relationship between the motivation to buy and compulsive consumerism. In Portugal there are no known studies on the motivations for offering gifts at Christmas. The present study can help academics, researchers and professionals (managers of consumer goods companies, commercial managers and advertising campaign managers) to better understand the motivations for buying and offering gifts, and the compulsive consumerism of the Portuguese population at Christmas time.
- A reflection on explanatory factors for COVID -19: A comparative study between countriesPublication . Santos, E.; Oliveira, M. F.; Ratten, V.; Tavares, F.; Tavares, V.The COVID-19 pandemic is the biggest problem facing the world nowadays. Each country in the world has its own characteristics, which means that its governments, at different rhythms, adopt identical measures to combat this new virus. This article aims to perform a comparative study between countries with a population similar to the Portuguese in number of inhabitants and to find out which factors may explain the numbers registered with the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that the countries that carried out more population tests have higher values in tourism, secu rity, innovation, competitiveness, and GDP per capita indicators. There is a significant and positive relationship between temperature and the daily cases of COVID-19 infections. The results found contribute to a greater knowledge of the behavior of this disease according to the characteristics of each country, making it useful for international business managers to compare and contrast different country environ mental conditions in order to define alternative strategies to overcome this great period of disturbance more quickly.
- Teleworking in Portuguese communities during the COVID-19 pandemicPublication . Tavares, F.; Santos, E.; Diogo, A.; Ratten, V.Purpose – Human beings spend about a third of their day working, so it is very important that they are integrated into a good community work environment. When the setting is teleworking in a family and housing context, it is important to keep a good environment and also a good physical, psychological and ergonomic aspects to attain job performance. The purpose of this paper is to characterize teleworking carried out in Portuguese communities in the context of the state of emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach – A survey questionnaire was used, which analyzed general information about teleworking and the individual’s adaptation process and the difficulties they faced during the teleworking period. The sample consists of 359 individuals aged 18 years or over, who were teleworking in their homes and in a family environment. Findings – The results show that adapting to teleworking was easy or very easy and that it happened very quickly. The main difficulties encountered by the individuals were the lack of professional interaction/ communication with coworkers, the lack of resources related to support infrastructures, such as the internet or a printer, and the reconciliation of teleworking with family life/household chores/dedication to children and time/schedule management. Originality/value – This study hopes to contribute to the increase of the scientific knowledge in the teleworking field and to allow companies to rethink the teleworking strategies to optimize resources and costs and to improve the organization’s productivity without harming the quality of life and well-being of their workers.
- The Importance of E-Commerce and Customer Relationships in Times of COVID-19 PandemicPublication . Oliveira, M. F.; Tavares, F.; Diogo, A.; Ratten, V.; Santos, E.; Ratten, V.; Thaichon P.A digital transformation in the world, the purchase of products, or possible services, is just a click away through e-commerce. The online consumer is increasingly knowledgeable and demanding. That’s why in online shopping it is important to maintain the good relationship between the company and the customer. This investigation aims to study the importance of the e-commerce in the context of a COVID-19 pandemic and relationship with customers. In terms of methodology, the questionnaire was used, with the sample consisting of 306 individuals who shopped online at least once. The results show that, since the quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the individuals have started to use e-commerce more often. Data also show a positive and significant relationship between the dimensions of the e-commerce scale and the relationship with customers. It is expected that this study will contribute to the increase in the scientific knowledge of retailers, and a better identification of products purchased online, the type of actions valued by consumers, as well as the relationship of customers with the e-commerce. This knowledge can be essential for the definition and the implementation of policies and management strategies for the e-commerce platforms that enhance better organizational results.
- The Perception and Knowledge of Financial Risk of the PortuguesePublication . Tavares, F.; Santos, E.; Tavares, V.; Ratten, V.This study will help academics, researchers, and professionals to better understand how the Portuguese population perceives financial risk. Thus, the main objective of this study is to analyse and compare the perception and knowledge of financial risk by the Portuguese. The methodology used is quantitative, and the measurement instrument consists of three parts: financial risk perception, financial risk knowledge and sociodemographic characterization of the participants. The sample is composed of 830 Portuguese individuals, over 18 years old. The results demonstrate that financial risk perception is a one-dimensional measurement and that there are low levels of both perception and knowledge of financial risk. It can also be concluded that the Portuguese individuals have a higher level of financial risk perception, when compared to financial risk knowledge, and it is men who have higher levels of perception and knowledge of financial risk. Thus, this study contributes to the literature on financial risk by presenting empirical evidence and relevant conclusions, and it is therefore expected that it will help to improve the perception and knowledge of the financial risk of the Portuguese and, consequently, their financial decisions and financial well-being. Therefore, the study fills a gap, since there are no studies in Portugal that assess the perception and knowledge of financial risk of the Portuguese.
- The profile of the Portuguese regarding the perception of financial literacyPublication . Santos, E.; Tavares, V.; Ratten, V.; Tavares, F.Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify the profile of the Portuguese regarding the perception of financial literacy. Design/methodology/approach The utilized methodology is based on a questionnaire survey that assesses the perception of financial literacy. The sample is composed of 830 Portuguese individuals over 18 years old. Findings The results show that the financial literacy scale presents a tri-factor structure with adequate validity and reliability levels. The three obtained factors are designated 1-2-year financial planning and goals, long-term saving and taste for numeric calculations. Originality/value The originality in this study is shown in the application of the cluster analysis, which demonstrates the formation of three clusters that present different perceptions of financial literacy, classifying the Portuguese into a cluster of high financial literacy and taste for numeric calculation, a cluster of low financial literacy and a cluster of financial planning and saving but without the taste for numeric calculation.