ESTG - Mestrado em Engenharia da Conceção e Desenvolvimento de Produto
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Percorrer ESTG - Mestrado em Engenharia da Conceção e Desenvolvimento de Produto por orientador "Almeida, Henrique de Amorim"
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- Desenvolvimento de um produto costumizado tendo em conta design for manufacturing para fabricação aditivaPublication . Matos, Joana Isabel Mota; Almeida, Henrique de AmorimAs crescentes exigências de qualidade e redução dos prazos de entrega dos produtos levaram a que seja cada vez mais importante a utilização de tecnologias de produção rápida e económica. O mesmo acontece no desenvolvimento de novos produtos sendo eles customizados ou para produção em série. Assim, é muito importante a utilização do design for manufacturing. Neste relatório foram desenvolvidos dois produtos: um de produção em massa e outro de produção customizada. Foi desenvolvido uma escova de dentes sustentável, permitindo produções em massa e uma gargantilha corretora postural, como um produto customizado. No documento são identificadas todas as fases de desenvolvimento dos dois produtos, como o benchmarking, a identificação das necessidades do público-alvo, as metodologias de design, a seleção de material e as tecnologias utilizadas para a produção desses mesmos produtos. Através do desenvolvimento simultâneo de produtos de produção em massa e produtos de produção customizada pretende-se mostrar a importância da aplicação do design for manufacturing no desenvolvimento e conceção de cada produto, assim como demonstrar a importância da prototipagem rápida nesta área, independentemente dos volumes de produção pretendidos.
- Design evaluation on the production of sloping walls without support structures in additive manufacturingPublication . Lemos, Inês Carolina Ribeiro; Almeida, Henrique de Amorim; Correia, António SimõesTechnologies have been advancing significantly over the years. Additive manufacturing is a technology that is in constant growth in the matter of applications, materials, processes and machines. In spite of its advanced technology, in most cases the produced models need to build with support structures which slows down production. Hence it is necessary to understand this type of limitation. Additive manufacturing has the ability of producing geometrical parts from a CAD model, creating rapidly physical models by joining materials, layer by layer, to represent models or even to test its functionality. It is capable of printing geometrical complex parts with an extended design freedom, but in some systems, needs to build support structures to support the part during production. The FDM technology is one of the additive manufacturing processes that produces the model by connecting polymeric materials one layer at a time. The machine software reads and manipulates the STL file to define all the proper conditions to print the required model, as well as defining the need to build support structures. It is relevant to establish design guidelines to achieve an improved result. Therefore, the focus of this thesis is to evaluate the need of support structures in a set of defined models with designated geometric characteristics. The work consisted in producing models with sloping walls using the FDM process in different machines in order to understand the different behaviours of the shapes and to conclude at which point it is possible to produce a geometric feature without support structures while maintaining geometric accuracy.
- Laser machining steel for moulds: a case studyPublication . Yolchuyeva, Ayisha; Capela, Carlos Alexandre Bento; Almeida, Henrique de AmorimLaser beam machining is a non-traditional subtractive manufacturing process, a form of machining, in which a laser is directed towards the work piece for machining. This process uses thermal energy to remove material from metallic or non-metallic surfaces. The laser is focused onto the surface to be worked and the thermal energy of the laser is transferred to the surface, heating and melting or vaporizing the material. Laser beam machining is best suited for brittle materials with low conductivity, but can be used on most materials. The role of the technical equipment in laser milling is to perform a controllable action of the laser radiation on the material to be treated. The laser is the main unit of the equipment and it is characteristics determine to great extent the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the technological treatments. In this work, I had to study the laser milling process parameter selection for process planning operations from start to finish. It was important to have an understanding about laser milling and laser processing parameters for different materials. As a result from the laser milling, the surface finish will have different surface properties such as, surface hardness, surface roughness, friction and tribology etc.. During the process, I gained knowledge about the historical and conceptual framework of laser milling, the different parameters of a laser milling and how the laser milling parameters influence the surface properties of the machined parts.
- Machining analysis in mould makingPublication . Ravichandran, Karthik; Almeida, Henrique de Amorim; Correia, Mário António SimõesThis document is the internship report of the Master in Product Design Engineering carried out at V.B Fresagem S.A. The company V.B. Fresagem S.A., is dedicated to the provision of milling services for the sector of moulds and metal machining. It has the ability to machine small and medium sized parts in various materials such as steel, stainless steel, aluminium, wood and nylon. V.B. Fresagem S.A. is a company started in 1991, based in Marinha Grande, specialized in the service of moulds, in milling operations. With this internship it was possible to concretize the industrial immersion that was one of the objectives of the student for this stage. In the company after an initial inclosing, it was possible to develop work in the different equipment’s with different materials for moulds in the company machines. It was also defined as an objective, the accomplishment of an analysis to the machining process of moulding surfaces. With this analysis it was possible to compare parameters of machining process, tools and steel for moulds making with the surface state in terms of roughness. It was also possible to compare the stability of the process in different equipment. The speed of rotation and the diameter of the tool are two parameters that most influence surface roughness, because they also influence the other machining parameters in general. This work also concluded that it is fundamental that the tools used in the machining works, are used within the ranges of operation recommended by the tool’s manufacturers. Thus, it is possible to ensure a surface finish within that is defined in the design of the moulding and also a stability in the machining process to ensure a longer tool life.
- Optimization of a perfusion bioreactor for tissue engineeringPublication . Freitas, Dino Miguel Fernandes; Almeida, Henrique de AmorimA regeneração de tecidos e/ou de órgãos é a solução para colmatar a falta de órgãos e tecidos, tanto actualmente como num futuro próximo. Este domínio da medicina tem crescido bastante e tem substituído algumas terapias convencionais. Os seus principais objectivos são restaurar, manter ou melhorar as funções dos tecidos. A Engenharia de Tecidos utiliza um dador para a recolha de tecido que é depois desassociado em células individuais. Estas células podem ser directamente implantadas, ou influenciadas a proliferar para um tecido organizado. Esta última situação pode ocorrer dentro de uma estrutura 3D vascularizada, conhecida como scaffold. Depois da implementação das células, esta estrutura pode ser inserida num bioreactor de perfusão permitindo a proliferação e diferenciação celular antes da implementação. Por forma a optimizar o processo de cultura in vitro, está em curso o desenvolvimento de um bioreactor de perfusão, sendo que uns dos pontos críticos assentam nas entradas e saídas do fluido na câmara de cultura. O presente trabalho tem por objectivo avaliar por meio de métodos numéricos o fluxo do fluido obtido no interior da câmara de cultura por forma a optimizar o processo de proliferação celular.
- Product development in custom-made medical devicesPublication . Ramos, Victor Quintana; Correia, Mário António Simões; Almeida, Henrique de AmorimThe 21st century presents a revolution in additive manufacturing, and these technologies will continue to grow. Osteobionix S.L., the company where the internship took place, has been designing and producing titanium prosthetic parts for human implantation since 2008. The company’s goal is to design and build parts of the human body tailored for patients in which standard prostheses do not solve the problem. Based on this, the company’s methodology was to obtain 3D images of each case, discuss, design and build a final solution. As soon as the solution is accepted by the surgeon, it proceeds to the production phase, mainly using an electron beam fusion machine (ARCAM S12). The objective in the internship time was to understand the company’s workflow, help in the production line and develop some design cases in order to learn and analyze what is a complete design follow-up case. The main results obtained are the prototypes that are manufactured in EBM. Licensing for human use and implantation of products in humans is a slow process. Animal testing should be the next step to obtain useful data. Finally, several cases developed during the internship will be presented and explained.
- Product Development Methodologies in Design Industry with Real Time CasesPublication . Sarikurt, Neslihan; Almeida, Henrique de Amorim; Simões, Fábio Jorge PereiraThis study investigates the product development methodologies in the design industry and how they are applied in practice in the scope of internship. This approach first consists in explaining the theoretical framework of development phases starting from the “planning”, following with the “concept development” and concludes with “production”. The mentioned phases were later compared with the organization’s own methods through long-term case studies which are directly requested by the clients. These clients are Light Switch-socket Family and Electrical Vehicle Charging Station. During this stage, several skills were learnt and improved which were needed in the design industry with their related short-term projects. My contribution to each project can be summed up as concept making, sketching, 3D modelling, rendering and prototyping. These were all mentioned in detail together with the decisions taken and applied by the team members. An improvement measure of the application of theoretical knowledge to the practice and with that suggestions for organizations were explained together with the possible approaches.
- Project development of measuring gauges for plastic injected partsPublication . Kannappan, Nandhagopal; Almeida, Henrique de Amorim; Correia, Mário António SimõesThe Portuguese mould industry is one of the most important industries for the economical and social development of the central region. The Socem Group contributes for its value through the production and exportation of moulds and services related. This report is based on an internship made at Socem Inpact, one of the firms of the Socem Group. It attempts to fulfil a specific requirement of Socem. The aim is to present a review of checking fixtures and technical specifications of checking fixtures, followed by a description of standard parts of checking fixtures and the process map of checking fixture fabrication. This report also comprises the study of 3D CAD files.
- Project development of plastic injection systemsPublication . Santhagunam, Selvaganesh; Correia, Mário António Simões; Almeida, Henrique de AmorimThe internship work was developed on YUDO-EU Company. In this report, hot runner systems for plastic injection moulding systems are addressed. This report begins with a brief description about hot runner systems including the manifold systems. Considerations about design, production and control of manifolds were made. With this considerations, it was possible to compare advantages and disadvantages between hot and cold runner systems. Classification of runner systems were made concerning the steps for developing manifold system for injection moulding. Discussion about assembly, planning, production and control were also made. Also considerations for CAD design of manifolds, describing steps for the development of plastic injection systems production are presented. With the description of cases developed during the internship work, it was possible explain several problems that occur during the production stage concerning methods of metal polishing. Some conclusions about these processes were addressed and was proposed an idea for a better finishing of manifolds. During this internship, an adaptation of a robotic system to aid production cycle of manifolds was developed. In this part of the internship some discussion concerning on important points to consider when using grippers. This analysis also involves opportunities and threat of using robots in industrial workspace to determine the future development in productivity. Finally, a description of other activities covered during the internship and some conclusions were made.
- Projecto industrial de estruturas metalúrgicasPublication . Dugganapalli, Naveen Bharadwaj; Capela, Carlos Alexandre Bento; Almeida, Henrique de AmorimThe internship report is a broad spectrum of the works of internship in which I try to explain the experience of my internship hosting company (Electrofer Grupo). This report is broadly constructed with theoretical and practical aspects of the constructional work that is carried out in the organization. After having intensive course work, I looked upon to have internship in a metallic construction company in order to get practical experience and familiarity with the construction of steel structures. For the second year of Master´s Degree in Product Design Engineering I took internship in Electrofer Grupo. This company owes a pivotal importance in the construction of Steel works and has one of the largest production units in whole of Portugal functioning in various regions to produce steel structures. This report consists of many chapters that are written according to each stages of my internship. The first phase of my internship started in the department of preparation and later it was followed by Quality, Production, Painting, Commercial and Construction Management. Hence, this report is a collection of all the works of different departments that is involved in the production of steel works. As far as my concern with this internship, I gained much insight into how to make use of theoretical knowledge applicable in practical conformities. I am sure that with these professional skills with theoretical and practical approach, I will be able to use them to gain my potential towards to carry out industrial works with the aspects of quality.