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Acolhimento das Famílias nos Cuidados de Enfermagem: Um Olhar Sobre as Atitudes dos Enfermeiros de Cuidados de Saúde Primários
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Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: A participação da família no processo de cuidados constitui um fator potenciador de ganhos em saúde, sendo a atitude dos enfermeiros, face a esse envolvimento, influenciada por uma diversidade de fatores contextuais, profissionais e individuais (Ferreira & Kraus, 2023). Para que os cuidados de enfermagem se centrem na família, enquanto objeto de intervenção, é fundamental o reconhecimento da sua multidimensionalidade e das suas competências como unidade auto-organizada, face aos processos de transição (Oliveira et al. 2011). Compreender a perspetiva dos enfermeiros relativamente à inclusão das famílias nos cuidados de enfermagem permitirá identificar os principais desafios e progressos requeridos no âmbito da ciência de enfermagem. Nesse sentido, pretende-se assegurar que a participação ativa das famílias se constitua como uma prática efetiva e transversal, em todas as áreas de intervenção do enfermeiro, independentemente da sua área de especialidade (Frade et al. 2021).
Objetivo: Compreender as atitudes dos enfermeiros de cuidados de saúde primários, no acolhimento familiar nos cuidados de enfermagem e entender a relação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais dos enfermeiros e as essas atitudes.
Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo inserido no projeto CuidarFam, de natureza quantitativa, com abordagem observacional, descritiva, analítica e transversal, implementado de forma pública, a 30 enfermeiros, através das redes digitais, direcionado aos enfermeiros de cuidados de saúde primários, das unidades locais de saúde da região centro (exceto a ULS Região de Leiria) e sul. Foi utilizado um instrumento de colheita de dados composto por um questionário de caraterização sociodemográfica e profissional e pela escala da Importância da Família nos Cuidados de Enfermagem – Atitudes dos Enfermeiros (Oliveira et al. 2011).
Resultados: A maioria dos enfermeiros participantes é do género feminino, com média de idade de 43,17 anos, casados ou em união de facto, licenciados ou com grau de mestre e, em grande parte, com especialização em enfermagem. Têm, em média, 19,77 anos de exercício profissional, trabalham predominantemente em Unidades de Cuidados de Saúde Personalizados e possuem formação em Enfermagem de Família.
Conclusões: Os enfermeiros apresentam atitudes de acolhimento à família nos cuidados de enfermagem, avaliado através da escala da Importância da Família nos Cuidados de Enfermagem – Atitudes dos Enfermeiros. Verificou-se que a idade e o tempo de exercício profissional dos enfermeiros têm impacto na atitude de acolhimento da família nos cuidados de enfermagem.
Background: The involvement of the family in the care process constitutes a factor that enhances health outcomes, with nurses' attitudes toward this involvement being influenced by a variety of contextual, professional, and individual factors (Ferreira & Kraus, 2023). In order for nursing care to be family-centered, recognizing the family's multidimensionality and its competencies as a self-organized unit in the face of transitional processes is essential (Oliveira et al., 2011). Understanding nurses’ perspectives regarding the inclusion of families in nursing care will make it possible to identify the main challenges and advances needed in the field of nursing science. In this sense, it is intended that the active participation of families becomes an effective and cross-cutting practice in all areas of nursing intervention, regardless of the nurse’s area of specialization (Frade et al., 2021) Objective: To understand the attitudes of primary health care nurses regarding family inclusion in nursing care and to explore the relationship between nurses’ sociodemographic and professional variables and these attitudes. Methodology: A study was conducted within the scope of the CuidarFam project, with a quantitative design and an observational, descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional approach. It was publicly implemented with 30 nurses, through digital platforms, targeting primary health care nurses from local health units in the central (excluding the Leiria Region ULS) and southern regions. Data were collected using an instrument composed of a sociodemographic and professional characterization questionnaire and the Importance of Family in Nursing Care – Nurses’ Attitudes Scale (Oliveira et al., 2011). Results: The majority of participating nurses are female, with an average age of 43,17 years, married or in a domestic partnership, holding a bachelor's or master's degree, and mostly specialized in nursing. On average, they have 19,77 years of professional experience, work predominantly in Personalized Health Care Units, and have training in Family Nursing. Conclusions: The nurses demonstrate welcoming attitudes toward the family in nursing care, as assessed by the Importance of Family in Nursing Care – Nurses’ Attitudes Scale. It was found that nurses’ age and years of professional experience have an impact on their attitudes toward family inclusion in nursing care.
Background: The involvement of the family in the care process constitutes a factor that enhances health outcomes, with nurses' attitudes toward this involvement being influenced by a variety of contextual, professional, and individual factors (Ferreira & Kraus, 2023). In order for nursing care to be family-centered, recognizing the family's multidimensionality and its competencies as a self-organized unit in the face of transitional processes is essential (Oliveira et al., 2011). Understanding nurses’ perspectives regarding the inclusion of families in nursing care will make it possible to identify the main challenges and advances needed in the field of nursing science. In this sense, it is intended that the active participation of families becomes an effective and cross-cutting practice in all areas of nursing intervention, regardless of the nurse’s area of specialization (Frade et al., 2021) Objective: To understand the attitudes of primary health care nurses regarding family inclusion in nursing care and to explore the relationship between nurses’ sociodemographic and professional variables and these attitudes. Methodology: A study was conducted within the scope of the CuidarFam project, with a quantitative design and an observational, descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional approach. It was publicly implemented with 30 nurses, through digital platforms, targeting primary health care nurses from local health units in the central (excluding the Leiria Region ULS) and southern regions. Data were collected using an instrument composed of a sociodemographic and professional characterization questionnaire and the Importance of Family in Nursing Care – Nurses’ Attitudes Scale (Oliveira et al., 2011). Results: The majority of participating nurses are female, with an average age of 43,17 years, married or in a domestic partnership, holding a bachelor's or master's degree, and mostly specialized in nursing. On average, they have 19,77 years of professional experience, work predominantly in Personalized Health Care Units, and have training in Family Nursing. Conclusions: The nurses demonstrate welcoming attitudes toward the family in nursing care, as assessed by the Importance of Family in Nursing Care – Nurses’ Attitudes Scale. It was found that nurses’ age and years of professional experience have an impact on their attitudes toward family inclusion in nursing care.
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Keywords
Enfermeiros Família Atitudes Enfermagem familiar Cuidados de saúde primários