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Effectiveness of nursing interventions on preventing the risk of infection in hospitalized adults: a systematic review

2026-03-09Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
datacite.subject.sdg04:Educação de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorBom, Luís Filipe Pereira Todo
dc.contributor.authorMata, Ema Soraia Fazenda
dc.contributor.authorCunha, Helena Margarida Pereira
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Ana Rita Melo
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Ana Sofia Ferreira
dc.contributor.authorCastanheira, Joana Antunes
dc.contributor.authorDixe, Maria dos Anjos Coelho Rodrigues
dc.contributor.authorMarquês, Maria do Céu
dc.date.accessioned2026-09-14T11:52:16Z
dc.date.available2026-09-14T11:52:16Z
dc.date.issued2026-03-09
dc.descriptionarticle number 363
dc.descriptionThe authors acknowledge the support of the Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC) and ciTechCare – Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology.
dc.descriptionThis work was funded by Portuguese national funds provided by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) (UID/05704/2023).
dc.description.abstractBackground Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) remain a global challenge for patient safety and quality of care, affecting millions of individuals each year and resulting in substantial morbidity, mortality, and financial burden. In Europe alone, over 4.2 million episodes of HAI occur annually. Nurses play a pivotal role in infection prevention through the implementation of evidence-based interventions aimed at disrupting transmission chains and reducing infection risk. Despite the widespread dissemination of preventive strategies, marked heterogeneity persists in their implementation and effectiveness, influenced by institutional, behavioural, and contextual factors. Objective To critically evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions in preventing infection risk among hospitalised adults through a systematic review of the literature. Methods A systematic review of Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology and PRISMA 2020 guidelines, with prior registration in PROSPERO (CRD42024582820). Searches were performed across MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to January 2025. Methodological quality was assessed using JBI critical appraisal tools, and the certainty of the evidence was rated using the GRADE approach. Given the heterogeneity of the included studies, a narrative synthesis was undertaken. Results Out of 8,123 records identified, 22 RCTs (1979–2024) met the inclusion criteria. Nursing interventions, including daily body bathing with chlorhexidine, prevention bundles for catheters and other devices, promotion of hand hygiene, educational strategies, and environmental disinfection (e.g. ultraviolet-C light) demonstrated a significant reduction in HAI incidence compared with usual care. Multimodal and integrated interventions proved more effective than isolated measures. The overall certainty of evidence was moderate for infection reduction and adherence improvement, but inconsistent for patient mortality and satisfaction outcomes. Conclusions Evidence-based nursing interventions, particularly when applied in a coordinated and multimodal manner, substantially reduce infection risk among hospitalised adults. These findings support the integration of such interventions into institutional programmes and infection control policies. Further multicentre RCTs are recommended to assess implementation fidelity, cost-effectiveness, and patient-centred outcomes.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was funded by Portuguese national funds provided by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) (UID/05704/2023).
dc.identifier.citationBom, L.F.P.T., Mata, E.S.F., Cunha, H.M.P. et al. Effectiveness of nursing interventions on preventing the risk of infection in hospitalized adults: a systematic review. BMC Nurs 25, 363 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-026-04527-w
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s12912-026-04527-w
dc.identifier.eissn1472-6955
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/16867
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherSpringer Nature
dc.relationCenter for Innovative Care and Health Technology
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12912-026-04527-w
dc.relation.ispartofBMC Nursing
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectEvidence-based practice
dc.subjectHealthcare-associated infections
dc.subjectInfection prevention and control
dc.subjectNursing
dc.subjectPatient safety
dc.subjectQuality of healthcare
dc.subjectRandomised controlled trials
dc.subjectSystematic review
dc.titleEffectiveness of nursing interventions on preventing the risk of infection in hospitalized adults: a systematic revieweng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberUID/05704/2025
oaire.awardTitleCenter for Innovative Care and Health Technology
oaire.awardURIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/16866
oaire.citation.endPage12
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleBMC Nursing
oaire.citation.volume25
oaire.fundingStreamAvaliação UID 2023/2024
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameTodo Bom
person.familyNameMata
person.familyNamePereira Cunha
person.familyNameFerreira Pereira
person.familyNameDixe
person.givenNameLuís Filipe Pereira
person.givenNameEma
person.givenNameHelena Margarida
person.givenNameAna Sofia
person.givenNameMaria dos Anjos
person.identifier794059
person.identifier.ciencia-idBC18-19C1-AB93
person.identifier.ciencia-id821B-93B2-CCE1
person.identifier.ciencia-idDB15-BD76-2B75
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6739-8648
person.identifier.orcid0009-0005-6894-7780
person.identifier.orcid0009-0009-5492-5598
person.identifier.orcid0009-0004-2071-2950
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9035-8548
person.identifier.ridB-9257-2018
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55885797900
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