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Association between living setting and malnutrition among older adults: The PEN-3S study

2020-05Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Medicina Clínica
datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Outras Ciências Médicas
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorMadeira, Teresa
dc.contributor.authorPeixoto-Plácido, Catarina
dc.contributor.authorSousa-Santos, Nuno
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Osvaldo
dc.contributor.authorCosta, Joana
dc.contributor.authorAlarcão, Violeta
dc.contributor.authorNicola, Paulo Jorge
dc.contributor.authorSevero, Milton
dc.contributor.authorLopes, Carla
dc.contributor.authorClara, João Gorjão
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-07T15:29:36Z
dc.date.available2025-10-07T15:29:36Z
dc.date.issued2020-05
dc.description.abstractObjectives: Malnutrition is frequent among older adults, especially those living in nursing homes, but the association between residential setting and nutritional status is controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the association between living setting (nursing home versus community) and malnutrition while adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, health-related, and psychosocial factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study included a randomly selected representative sample of Portuguese adults ≥65 y of age. Interviewers collected data regarding demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, nutritional status, physical activity, energy intake, cognitive function, self-reported general health, functional status, symptoms of depression, and loneliness. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between residential setting and malnutrition. Results: Participants were 1186 nursing home residents (72.8% women, 49.2% ≥85 y of age) and 1120 community dwellers (49% women, 21.3% ≥85 y of age). Following Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA®) criteria, 29.6% of nursing home residents and 14.1% of community dwellers were at risk of malnutrition, whereas 2.3% and 0.3%, respectively, were malnourished. The living setting was not significantly associated with malnutrition after adjusting for functional status, symptoms of depression, and feelings of loneliness (odds ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 0.67–1.58). Conclusions: Risk of malnutrition and malnutrition are more prevalent among nursing home residents than community dwellers. Physical (functional status) and mental health (symptoms of depression and loneliness) seems more relevant to nutritional status than residential setting by itself. These findings should be taken into account when designing public health policies to tackle malnutrition among older adults.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThe project PEN-3S (136SI5) was granted by the Public Health Initiatives Programme (PT06), financed by EEA Grants Financial Mechanism 2009-2014. TM is supported by a Ph.D. Scholarship (SFRH/BD/117884/2016) from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through national funds (MCTES). The funding sources had no involvement in the conduct of the research or in the preparation of the article. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
dc.description.sponsorshipAcknowledgments The authors acknowledge the staff of Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa and Central Administration of the Health System (ACSS) for the institutional support. They also acknowledge the IAN-AF team for their support with the development of data collection software and discussion of the study protocol, the interviewers who collected the data, staff from NHs and primary health care units, and all study participants.
dc.identifier.citationTeresa Madeira, Catarina Peixoto-Plácido, Nuno Sousa-Santos, Osvaldo Santos, Joana Costa, Violeta Alarcão, Paulo Jorge Nicola, Milton Severo, Carla Lopes, João Gorjão Clara, Association between living setting and malnutrition among older adults: The PEN-3S study, Nutrition, Volume 73, 2020, 110660, ISSN 0899-9007, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2019.110660.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.nut.2019.110660
dc.identifier.eissn1873-1244
dc.identifier.issn0899-9007
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/14223
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0899900719302436?via%3Dihub
dc.relation.ispartofNutrition
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectMalnutrition
dc.subjectOlder adults
dc.subjectLiving setting
dc.subjectMNA
dc.subjectCommunity dwelling
dc.subjectNursing homes
dc.titleAssociation between living setting and malnutrition among older adults: The PEN-3S studyeng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage8
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleNutrition: The International Journal of Applied and Basic Nutritional Sciences
oaire.citation.volume73
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameSousa Santos
person.givenNameNuno
person.identifier.ciencia-id8F17-95D6-AE7E
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-8979-8551
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57202154870
relation.isAuthorOfPublication30e2897a-c5c4-4ebc-a58d-97eba06de75e
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery30e2897a-c5c4-4ebc-a58d-97eba06de75e

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Objectives: Malnutrition is frequent among older adults, especially those living in nursing homes, but the association between residential setting and nutritional status is controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the association between living setting (nursing home versus community) and malnutrition while adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, health-related, and psychosocial factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study included a randomly selected representative sample of Portuguese adults ≥65 y of age. Interviewers collected data regarding demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, nutritional status, physical activity, energy intake, cognitive function, self-reported general health, functional status, symptoms of depression, and loneliness. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between residential setting and malnutrition. Results: Participants were 1186 nursing home residents (72.8% women, 49.2% ≥85 y of age) and 1120 community dwellers (49% women, 21.3% ≥85 y of age). Following Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA®) criteria, 29.6% of nursing home residents and 14.1% of community dwellers were at risk of malnutrition, whereas 2.3% and 0.3%, respectively, were malnourished. The living setting was not significantly associated with malnutrition after adjusting for functional status, symptoms of depression, and feelings of loneliness (odds ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 0.67–1.58). Conclusions: Risk of malnutrition and malnutrition are more prevalent among nursing home residents than community dwellers. Physical (functional status) and mental health (symptoms of depression and loneliness) seems more relevant to nutritional status than residential setting by itself. These findings should be taken into account when designing public health policies to tackle malnutrition among older adults.
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