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Spatial Distribution and Post-COVID-19 Health Complications in Older People: A Brazilian Cohort Study

2025-07-06Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorde Brito, Franciele Aline Machado
dc.contributor.authorLaranjeira, Carlos
dc.contributor.authorRossoni, Stéfane Lele
dc.contributor.authorAli, Amira Mohammed
dc.contributor.authorSalci, Maria Aparecida
dc.contributor.authorCarreira, Lígia
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-01T15:11:47Z
dc.date.available2025-08-01T15:11:47Z
dc.date.issued2025-07-06
dc.descriptionThis article belongs to the Section Geriatric Medicine
dc.description.abstractBackground/Objectives: In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 have progressively displayed a range of symptoms linked to protracted COVID during the post-acute phase of illness. Concurrently, in several nations globally, the phenomenon of population aging has been intensifying. In this scenario, the aged population has become both vulnerable and high-risk during the acute phase of COVID-19, and faces significant dangers associated with long-COVID. This study seeks to analyze the incidence and spatial distribution of health complications in older people affected by COVID-19, in the first year of the pandemic (2020), in the State of Paraná, as well as to identify the factors associated with the development of cardiovascular, neurological, respiratory, and metabolic diseases. Method: An observational and retrospective study was carried out in the Brazilian state of Paraná. Participants were randomly selected from two databases. A total of 893 older people (≥60 years) participated in the study 12 months after acute COVID-19 infection. Telephone questionnaires were applied between March and December 2021. The Moran index test, logistic regression, and Poisson models were used to analyze the data. Results: In terms of age, most participants (66%) were between 60 and 69 years old, 25.8% were between 70 and 79 years old, and 8.2% were 80 years old or older. Most participants were female (51.2%), white (98.1%), had a partner (69.8%), and had been hospitalized due to COVID-19 (59.3%). Cardiovascular diseases were the most frequent in the population (39.5%), followed by metabolic diseases (27.3%). The long-term use of medication was associated with the development of metabolic diseases (aOR = 9.8), cardiovascular diseases (aOR = 6.6), and diseases in multiple organic systems (aOR = 3.2); living alone was associated with neurological diseases (aOR = 2.5), and the age group of 80 years or older (aOR = 2.4) was associated with cardiovascular events. The spatial distribution showed that complications in body groups are distributed randomly among the health regions of the state, with no influence from neighboring locations. Conclusions: Post-COVID-19 health complications are more frequent in older adults who have comorbidities and long-term medication use. Therefore, long-term monitoring of these individuals and investment in public policies for rehabilitation and prevention of complications are necessary.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was funded by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)—grant number: 001/2023. It was also supported by FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P. (UIDB/05704/2020 and UIDP/05704/2020) and by the Scientific Employment Stimulus—Institutional Call—[https://doi.org/10.54499/CEECINST/00051/2018/CP1566/CT0012, accessed on 1 July 2025].
dc.identifier.citationde Brito, F.A.M.; Laranjeira, C.; Rossoni, S.L.; Ali, A.M.; Salci, M.A.; Carreira, L. Spatial Distribution and Post-COVID-19 Health Complications in Older People: A Brazilian Cohort Study. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 4775. https://doi.org/10.3390/ jcm14134775
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/jcm14134775
dc.identifier.issn2077-0383
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/13840
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationCenter for Innovative Care and Health Technology
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/14/13/4775
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Clinical Medicine
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectCOVID-19
dc.subjectPost-acute COVID-19 syndrome
dc.subjectChronic disease
dc.subjectOlder people
dc.subjectBrazil
dc.titleSpatial Distribution and Post-COVID-19 Health Complications in Older People: A Brazilian Cohort Studyeng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleCenter for Innovative Care and Health Technology
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F05704%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/Concurso de avaliação no âmbito do Programa Plurianual de Financiamento de Unidades de I&D (2017%2F2018) - Financiamento Base/UIDB%2F05704%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.issue13
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Clinical Medicine
oaire.citation.volume14
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStreamConcurso de avaliação no âmbito do Programa Plurianual de Financiamento de Unidades de I&D (2017/2018) - Financiamento Base
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameLaranjeira
person.givenNameCarlos
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1080-9535
person.identifier.scopus-author-id22957802900
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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