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Optimisation of Shrinkage and Strength on Thick Plate Part Using Recycled LDPE Materials

2021-04-05Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas
datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Outras Ciências Naturais
datacite.subject.sdg07:Energias Renováveis e Acessíveis
datacite.subject.sdg11:Cidades e Comunidades Sustentáveis
dc.contributor.authorRoslan, Norshahira
dc.contributor.authorRahim, Shayfull Zamree Abd
dc.contributor.authorAbdellah, Abdellah El-hadj
dc.contributor.authorAbdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri
dc.contributor.authorBłoch, Katarzyna
dc.contributor.authorPietrusiewicz, Paweł
dc.contributor.authorNabiałek, Marcin
dc.contributor.authorSzmidla, Janusz
dc.contributor.authorKwiatkowski, Dariusz
dc.contributor.authorVasco, Joel Oliveira Correia
dc.contributor.authorSaad, Mohd Nasir Mat
dc.contributor.authorGhazali, Mohd Fathullah
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-11T15:16:06Z
dc.date.available2026-03-11T15:16:06Z
dc.date.issued2021-04-05
dc.description.abstractAchieving good quality of products from plastic injection moulding processes is very challenging, since the process comprises many affecting parameters. Common defects such as warpage are hard to avoid, and the defective parts will eventually go to waste, leading to unnecessary costs to the manufacturer. The use of recycled material from postindustrial waste has been studied by a few researchers. However, the application of an optimisation method by which to optimise processing parameters to mould parts using recycled materials remains lacking. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) methods were conducted on thick plate parts moulded using virgin and recycled low-density polyethylene (LDPE) materials (100:0, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50; virgin to recycle material ratios) to find the optimal input parameters for each of the material ratios. Shrinkage in the x and y directions increased in correlation with the recycled ratio, compared to virgin material. Meanwhile, the tensile strength of the thick plate part continued to decrease when the recycled ratio increased. R30 (70:30) had the optimum shrinkage in the x direction with respect to R0 (100:0) material where the shrinkage increased by 24.49% (RSM) and 33.20% (PSO). On the other hand, the shrinkage in the y direction for R30 material increased by 4.48% (RSM) and decreased by 2.67% (PSO), while the tensile strength of R30 (70:30) material decreased by 0.51% (RSM) and 2.68% (PSO) as compared to R0 (100:0) material. Validation tests indicated that the optimal setting of processing parameter suggested by PSO and RSM for R0 (100:0), R30 (70:30), R40 (60:40) and R50 (50:50) was less than 10%.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors wish to thank the Ministry of Education, Malaysia, for their financial support of this study through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS), FRGS/1/2019/TK03/UNIMAP/02/20.
dc.identifier.citationRoslan, N.; Abd Rahim, S.Z.; Abdellah, A.E.-h.; Abdullah, M.M.A.B.; Błoch, K.; Pietrusiewicz, P.; Nabiałek, M.; Szmidla, J.; Kwiatkowski, D.; Correia Vasco, J.O.; et al. Optimisation of Shrinkage and Strength on Thick Plate Part Using Recycled LDPE Materials. Materials 2021, 14, 1795. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14071795.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ma14071795
dc.identifier.eissn1996-1944
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/15838
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/7/1795
dc.relation.ispartofMaterials
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectresponse surface methodology
dc.subjectparticle swarm optimisation
dc.subjectrecycled low-density polyethylene (LDPE)
dc.subjectshrinkage
dc.subjectstrength
dc.titleOptimisation of Shrinkage and Strength on Thick Plate Part Using Recycled LDPE Materialseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage16
oaire.citation.issue7
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleMaterials
oaire.citation.volume14
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameVasco
person.givenNameJoel
person.identifier1567112
person.identifier.ciencia-id1B1F-18E0-4752
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8185-8145
person.identifier.ridO-2486-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id14055297700
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationfe273d4d-3b85-45c6-b114-c9f7a848db17
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryfe273d4d-3b85-45c6-b114-c9f7a848db17

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Achieving good quality of products from plastic injection moulding processes is very challenging, since the process comprises many affecting parameters. Common defects such as warpage are hard to avoid, and the defective parts will eventually go to waste, leading to unnecessary costs to the manufacturer. The use of recycled material from postindustrial waste has been studied by a few researchers. However, the application of an optimisation method by which to optimise processing parameters to mould parts using recycled materials remains lacking. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) methods were conducted on thick plate parts moulded using virgin and recycled low-density polyethylene (LDPE) materials (100:0, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50; virgin to recycle material ratios) to find the optimal input parameters for each of the material ratios. Shrinkage in the x and y directions increased in correlation with the recycled ratio, compared to virgin material. Meanwhile, the tensile strength of the thick plate part continued to decrease when the recycled ratio increased. R30 (70:30) had the optimum shrinkage in the x direction with respect to R0 (100:0) material where the shrinkage increased by 24.49% (RSM) and 33.20% (PSO). On the other hand, the shrinkage in the y direction for R30 material increased by 4.48% (RSM) and decreased by 2.67% (PSO), while the tensile strength of R30 (70:30) material decreased by 0.51% (RSM) and 2.68% (PSO) as compared to R0 (100:0) material. Validation tests indicated that the optimal setting of processing parameter suggested by PSO and RSM for R0 (100:0), R30 (70:30), R40 (60:40) and R50 (50:50) was less than 10%.
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