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O USO DE ALGORITMOS NO CONTEXTO LABORAL: Licença para reduzir o poder de negociação dos trabalhadores?
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A crescente digitalização das relações laborais transformou o mundo do trabalho como o conhecíamos. O recurso à inteligência artificial (IA) e, em particular, aos sistemas algorítmicos pelo empregador tem trazido uma nova camada de complexidade à gestão do trabalho que se estende às várias dimensões da relação laboral, desde a fase inicial de seleção de candidatos à fase final de despedimento.
O uso de algoritmos comporta uma série riscos do ponto de vista da privacidade, segurança, discriminação e exclusão do trabalhador, motivados pela opacidade e complexidade que o caracteriza, bem como pelo desconhecimento associado ao seu modo de funcionamento e às suas reais capacidades. Em todo o caso, a utilização destes sistemas na gestão do trabalho depende - ou deveria depender - da observância dos direitos fundamentais dos trabalhadores e é por isso que compreender as questões éticas e jurídicas decorrentes do uso de algoritmos no âmbito laboral é fundamental para a sua boa regulamentação e para que os desafios que constantemente coloca sejam abordados com urgência e eficácia.
Este estudo analisa de que forma o recurso aos algoritmos na gestão do trabalho pode afetar o equilíbrio de poder entre empregadores e trabalhadores, com especial foco no impacto sobre a capacidade negocial destes últimos.
O desafio que enfrentamos reside, portanto, em encontrar um equilíbrio entre o aproveitamento dos avanços tecnológicos e a proteção dos direitos dos trabalhadores.
e growing digitalization of labor relations has transformed the world of work as we knew it. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) and, in particular, algorithmic systems by the employers has brought a new layer of complexity to the management of the labor, which extends to various dimensions of the employment relationship, from the initial stage of candidate selection to the final stage of dismissal. The use of algorithms carries a number of risks from the perspectives of privacy, security, discrimination, and worker exclusion, motivated by the opacity and complexity that characterize it, as well as the lack of understanding regarding their functioning and true capabilities. In any case, the use of these systems in the workplace management depend - or should depend - on the compliance with the fundamental rights of workers, which is why understanding the ethical and legal issues arising from the use of algorithms in the workplace is crucial for ensure a good regulation and for addressing the challenges they constantly present in an urgent and effective manner. This study analyzes how the use of algorithms in labor management may affect the power balance between employers and employees, with a particular focus on the impact on the bargaining capacity of the employees. The challenge we face is finding a balance
e growing digitalization of labor relations has transformed the world of work as we knew it. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) and, in particular, algorithmic systems by the employers has brought a new layer of complexity to the management of the labor, which extends to various dimensions of the employment relationship, from the initial stage of candidate selection to the final stage of dismissal. The use of algorithms carries a number of risks from the perspectives of privacy, security, discrimination, and worker exclusion, motivated by the opacity and complexity that characterize it, as well as the lack of understanding regarding their functioning and true capabilities. In any case, the use of these systems in the workplace management depend - or should depend - on the compliance with the fundamental rights of workers, which is why understanding the ethical and legal issues arising from the use of algorithms in the workplace is crucial for ensure a good regulation and for addressing the challenges they constantly present in an urgent and effective manner. This study analyzes how the use of algorithms in labor management may affect the power balance between employers and employees, with a particular focus on the impact on the bargaining capacity of the employees. The challenge we face is finding a balance
Description
Keywords
Algoritmo Inteligência artificial Discriminação Negociação coletiva Informação algorítmica Controlo laboral