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Acclimation capability inferred by metabolic performance in two sea cucumber species from different latitudes
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
The notion that thermal specialists from tropical regions live closer to their temperature limits than temperate
eurytherms, seems too generalized. Species specific differences in physiological and biochemical stress reactions are linked to key components of organism fitness, like metabolic capacity, which indicates that acclimation
potential across latitudes might be highly diverse rather than simplistic. In this study the exposure of a tropical
(Holothuria scabra) and a temperate (Holothuria forskali) sea cucumber species to identical cold- and warmacclimation stress was compared using the key metabolic parameters, respiration rate, enzyme activity (ETS, LDH, IDH), and energy reserve fractions (lipid, carbohydrate and protein). Results show much broader respiratory adjustments, as response to temperature change, in H. scabra (2–30 μgO2*gww−1
*h−1) compared to H. forskali (1.5–6.6 μgO2*gww−1 *h−1). Moreover, the tropical species showed clearly pronounced up and down regulation of metabolic enzymes and shifts in energy reserves, due to thermal acclimation, while the same
metabolic indicators remained consistent in the temperate species. In summary, these findings indicate enhanced
metabolic plasticity in H. scabra at the cost of elevated energy expenditures, which seems to favor the tropical
stenotherm in terms of thermal acclimation capacity. The comparison of such holistic metabolic analyses between conspecifics and congeners, may help to predict the heterogeneous effects of global temperature changes across latitudinal gradients.
Description
This study had the support of Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia
(FCT), through project PROTEOME (PTDC/AAG-MAA/1302/2014) cofunded by COMPETE (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016773) and the Strategic
Project UID/MAR/04292/2013 granted to MARE, and the grants
awarded to Luís Alves (SFRH/BD/122082/2016) and Sara Novais
(SFRH/BPD/94500/2013), and also FCT and Deutscher Akademischer
Austauschdienst (DAAD) program for bilateral cooperation funding
Global Invaders and Stream Cukes. The authors also wish to acknowledge the Integrated Program of SR&TD “Smart Valorization of
Endogenous Marine Biological Resources Under a Changing Climate”
(reference Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000018), co-funded by Centro 2020)
program, Portugal 2020, European Union, through the European
Regional Development Fund. The Leibniz project budget 6057 granted
financial support for Holger Kühnhold. A NAM-fellowship was awarded
to Lisa Indriana for a prolonged research stay in Germany. We thank
Christiane Hassenrück for helpful advice concerning data analyses and
interpretation. Moreover, we thank Kai Lorkowski, Nico Steinel and
Christian Brandt for technical support and Sofia Esteves da Silva and Hugo Morais for great SCUBA diving support.
Keywords
Eurytherms Stenotherms Holothuria scabra Holothuria forskali Energy metabolism Temperature stress
Citation
Kühnhold, H., Novais, S. C., Alves, L. M. F., Kamyab, E., Lemos, M. F. L., Slater, M. J., & Kunzmann, A. (2019). Acclimation capability inferred by metabolic performance in two sea cucumber species from different latitudes. Journal Of Thermal Biology, 84, 407–413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.07.019