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Empoderamento Comunitário dos Imigrantes Indianos quanto à Atitude face ao estado de Saúde-Doença
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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho relata todo o percurso desenvolvido em estágio, apresentando uma análise crítico-reflexiva sobre o desenvolvimento das competências comuns e específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem Comunitária, na área de Saúde Comunitária e de Saúde Pública, e a realização do projeto de intervenção comunitária “ENGAGE24” incluído na competência específica do planeamento em saúde.
O projeto “ENGAGE24” como continuidade do projeto “ENGAGE23”, seguiu a metodologia do planeamento em saúde de Imperatori & Giraldes (1993) e teve como foco o empoderamento da comunidade imigrante indiana residente no Concelho da Marinha Grande, quanto à atitude face ao estado de saúde-doença, associado à cultura. Teve como referenciais teóricos orientadores a Teoria da Diversidade e Universalidade do Cuidado Cultural e o Modelo de Avaliação, Intervenção e Empoderamento Comunitário (MAIEC). Para sustentar este projeto, foi realizada uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura.
O objetivo geral do projeto foi melhorar a Gestão Comunitária dos imigrantes indianos quanto à atitude face à saúde-doença. Através do método de amostragem não probabilístico, constituiu-se a amostra formada por 5 imigrantes indianos residentes no concelho da Marinha Grande.
A aplicação do Questionário de Diagnóstico do Processo Comunitário MAIEC, possibilitou a priorização do diagnóstico de enfermagem “Liderança comunitária comprometida, por conhecimento sobre a atitude face ao estado de saúde-doença, associado à cultura, não demonstrado”. Para aumentar o nível de conhecimento dos imigrantes foi estruturada e implementada uma sessão de educação para a saúde e entregue um guia informativo. Para avaliar o efeito da intervenção aplicou-se um Questionário de Avaliação dos Conhecimentos pré e pós sessão, obtendo-se uma melhoria de 25,7% das respostas corretas. Além disso, reaplicou-se o Questionário MAIEC, que revelou um discreto aumento de 6% na dimensão do diagnóstico de enfermagem identificado.
Como forma de avaliar o empoderamento comunitário dos imigrantes indianos procedeu-se à aplicação da Escala EAvEC através de um Grupo Focal com stakeholders verificando-se uma ligeira melhoria face aos resultados obtidos na avaliação da escala realizada no “ENGAGE23”. Considerando a reduzida dimensão da amostra, que não é representativa desta população, não é possível concluir quanto ao impacto da intervenção no empoderamento comunitário.
This paper reports on the entire process developed during the internship, by carrying out a critical-reflective analysis on the development of the common and specific competences of nurses specializing in Community Nursing, in the area of Community Health and Public Health and the implementation of the community intervention project “ENGAGE24”, included in the specific competence of health planning. The “ENGAGE24” project, as a continuation of the “ENGAGE23” project, followed the health planning methodology of Imperatori & Giraldes (1993) and focused on empowering the Indian immigrant community living in the Municipality of Marinha Grande, in terms of their attitude towards their state of health and illness, associated with their culture. Its guiding theoretical references were the Theory of Diversity and Universality of Cultural Care and the Model of Evaluation, Intervention and Community Empowerment (MAIEC). To support this project, an Integrative Literature Review was carried out. The overall aim of the project was to improve the Community Management of Indian immigrants in terms of their attitude to health and illness. Using the non-probabilistic sampling method, the sample consisted of 5 Indian immigrants living in the municipality of Marinha Grande. The application of the MAIEC Community Process Diagnostic Questionnaire made it possible to prioritize the nursing diagnosis “Compromised community leadership, due to knowledge about the attitude towards the state of health-disease, associated with culture, not demonstrated”. In order to increase the immigrants' level of knowledge a health education session was structured and implemented and an information guide was given. To evaluate the effect of the intervention, a questionnaire was administered to assess their knowledge before and after the session, with an improvement of 25.7% in the number of correct answers. In addition, the MAIEC questionnaire was reapplied, which revealed a slight increase of 6% in the dimension of identified nursing diagnosis. In order to assess the community empowerment of Indian immigrants, the EAvEC Scale was applied through a Focus Group with stakeholders, showing a slight improvement on the results obtained in the evaluation of the scale carried out in “ENGAGE23”. Considering the small size of the sample, which is not representative of this population, it is not possible to conclude on the impact of the intervention on community empowerment.
This paper reports on the entire process developed during the internship, by carrying out a critical-reflective analysis on the development of the common and specific competences of nurses specializing in Community Nursing, in the area of Community Health and Public Health and the implementation of the community intervention project “ENGAGE24”, included in the specific competence of health planning. The “ENGAGE24” project, as a continuation of the “ENGAGE23” project, followed the health planning methodology of Imperatori & Giraldes (1993) and focused on empowering the Indian immigrant community living in the Municipality of Marinha Grande, in terms of their attitude towards their state of health and illness, associated with their culture. Its guiding theoretical references were the Theory of Diversity and Universality of Cultural Care and the Model of Evaluation, Intervention and Community Empowerment (MAIEC). To support this project, an Integrative Literature Review was carried out. The overall aim of the project was to improve the Community Management of Indian immigrants in terms of their attitude to health and illness. Using the non-probabilistic sampling method, the sample consisted of 5 Indian immigrants living in the municipality of Marinha Grande. The application of the MAIEC Community Process Diagnostic Questionnaire made it possible to prioritize the nursing diagnosis “Compromised community leadership, due to knowledge about the attitude towards the state of health-disease, associated with culture, not demonstrated”. In order to increase the immigrants' level of knowledge a health education session was structured and implemented and an information guide was given. To evaluate the effect of the intervention, a questionnaire was administered to assess their knowledge before and after the session, with an improvement of 25.7% in the number of correct answers. In addition, the MAIEC questionnaire was reapplied, which revealed a slight increase of 6% in the dimension of identified nursing diagnosis. In order to assess the community empowerment of Indian immigrants, the EAvEC Scale was applied through a Focus Group with stakeholders, showing a slight improvement on the results obtained in the evaluation of the scale carried out in “ENGAGE23”. Considering the small size of the sample, which is not representative of this population, it is not possible to conclude on the impact of the intervention on community empowerment.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem Saúde comunitária Empoderamento comunitário Imigrantes Atitude para a saúde Cultura