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Abstract(s)
A proteção da floresta e a mitigação dos incêndios rurais têm sido desafios persistentes em Portugal, exigindo uma abordagem integrada e intersectorial para garantir a segurança das populações, a preservação dos ecossistemas e a sustentabilidade do território. Os incêndios florestais, sendo fenómenos naturais agravados por fatores socioeconómicos e ambientais, representam uma ameaça crescente, evidenciada pelos trágicos eventos de 2017, que desencadearam uma profunda reflexão sobre as estratégias adotadas pelo Estado para a prevenção e combate a este tipo de ocorrências.
Neste contexto, o conceito de Segurança Humana assume particular relevância, reforçando a necessidade de políticas públicas que não apenas combatam os incêndios, mas que previnam a sua ocorrência e garantam a resiliência dos territórios afetados. O papel das Brigadas de Sapadores Florestais tem-se afirmado como um elemento essencial na defesa da floresta, atuando não só na prevenção estrutural e silvicultura preventiva, mas também no apoio ao combate direto e na recuperação das áreas atingidas pelos fogos.
A presente tese pretende analisar o papel das Brigadas de Sapadores Florestais enquanto ferramenta do Estado para a defesa e proteção da floresta, tendo como estudo de caso a Comunidade Intermunicipal do Oeste (OesteCIM). A investigação procura compreender a relevância deste modelo no quadro das políticas públicas de proteção civil e de gestão integrada de fogos rurais, avaliando a sua eficácia e os desafios que enfrenta na sua implementação.
Para tal, será efetuada uma revisão do enquadramento legislativo e das políticas públicas associadas à prevenção e combate aos incêndios florestais em Portugal, seguida de uma análise detalhada da operacionalização das brigadas intermunicipais e do seu impacto na mitigação do risco de incêndio rural.
Desta forma, a presente investigação contribuirá para a compreensão da importância das Brigadas de Sapadores Florestais no contexto da gestão de incêndios rurais em Portugal, destacando as boas práticas, os desafios a superar e as oportunidades para o fortalecimento do modelo, no sentido de uma maior eficácia na proteção das florestas e das comunidades rurais.
Forest protection and rural fire mitigation have been persistent challenges in Portugal, requiring an integrated and intersectoral approach to ensure the safety of populations, the preservation of ecosystems and the sustainability of the territory. Forest fires, being natural phenomena aggravated by socioeconomic and environmental factors, represent a growing threat, highlighted by the tragic events of 2017, which triggered a deep reflection on the strategies adopted by the State to prevent and combat this type of occurrence. In this context, the concept of Human Security assumes particular relevance, reinforcing the need for public policies that not only combat fires, but also prevent their occurrence and guarantee the resilience of the affected territories. The role of wildland fire crews has established itself as an essential element in the defense of the forest, acting not only in structural prevention and preventive silviculture, but also in supporting direct fire suppression and recovery of areas affected by fires. This thesis aims to analyze the role of wildland fire crews as a tool of the State for the protection of forests, using the Intermunicipal Community of Oeste (OesteCIM) as a case study. The research seeks to understand the relevance of this model in the context of public policies for civil protection and integrated management of rural fires, assessing its effectiveness and the challenges it faces in its implementation. To this end, a review of the legislative framework and public policies associated with the prevention and suppression of forest fires in Portugal will be carried out, followed by a detailed analysis of the operationalization of intermunicipal brigades and their impact on mitigating the risk of rural fires. In this way, this research will contribute to the understanding of the importance o wildland fire crews in the context of rural fire management in Portugal, highlighting good practices, challenges to be overcome and opportunities for strengthening the model, towards greater effectiveness in the protection of forests and rural communities.
Forest protection and rural fire mitigation have been persistent challenges in Portugal, requiring an integrated and intersectoral approach to ensure the safety of populations, the preservation of ecosystems and the sustainability of the territory. Forest fires, being natural phenomena aggravated by socioeconomic and environmental factors, represent a growing threat, highlighted by the tragic events of 2017, which triggered a deep reflection on the strategies adopted by the State to prevent and combat this type of occurrence. In this context, the concept of Human Security assumes particular relevance, reinforcing the need for public policies that not only combat fires, but also prevent their occurrence and guarantee the resilience of the affected territories. The role of wildland fire crews has established itself as an essential element in the defense of the forest, acting not only in structural prevention and preventive silviculture, but also in supporting direct fire suppression and recovery of areas affected by fires. This thesis aims to analyze the role of wildland fire crews as a tool of the State for the protection of forests, using the Intermunicipal Community of Oeste (OesteCIM) as a case study. The research seeks to understand the relevance of this model in the context of public policies for civil protection and integrated management of rural fires, assessing its effectiveness and the challenges it faces in its implementation. To this end, a review of the legislative framework and public policies associated with the prevention and suppression of forest fires in Portugal will be carried out, followed by a detailed analysis of the operationalization of intermunicipal brigades and their impact on mitigating the risk of rural fires. In this way, this research will contribute to the understanding of the importance o wildland fire crews in the context of rural fire management in Portugal, highlighting good practices, challenges to be overcome and opportunities for strengthening the model, towards greater effectiveness in the protection of forests and rural communities.
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Keywords
Incêndios rurais Políticas públicas Proteção civil Prevenção Sapadores florestais