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Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta para apoio à decisão na valorização de subprodutos de bivalves
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Resumo(s)
A crescente produção e consumo de bivalves em Portugal e no mundo tem originado um aumento significativo de subprodutos, principalmente conchas, que continuam maioritariamente a ser encaminhadas para aterros. Esta prática representa um custo económico relevante para as empresas do setor, tendo um elevado impacto ambiental, sendo uma oportunidade perdida no âmbito da economia circular.
Este trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento e validação de uma ferramenta de apoio à decisão para a valorização de subprodutos de bivalves. Pretende-se assim auxiliar as empresas produtoras, centros de depuração e expedição de bivalves na valorização sustentável dos seus subprodutos, integrando critérios técnicos, económicos, legais e ambientais. O desenvolvimento foi iterativo e suportado em pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevistas aos operadores do setor.
Os resultados obtidos demonstram que as conchas representam entre 65% e 90% do peso total dos bivalves, o que se traduz na produção anual de subprodutos quantidades muito significativas. A nível nacional, verificou-se que as empresas geram, em média, cerca de 11% de subprodutos face ao volume total produzido, sendo que as empresas entrevistadas encaminham atualmente estes resíduos para a eliminação, principalmente através da deposição em aterro. Esta prática está associada a custos económicos relevantes e a impactos ambientais negativos. Apesar de a literatura demonstrar um elevado potencial de valorização das conchas em vários setores como a construção, agricultura, tratamento de águas, alimentação animal, cosmética e a farmacêutica, a adoção destas soluções ainda é limitada, sobretudo devido à falta de informação, dificuldades técnicas e até à ausência de instrumentos de apoio à decisão mais adaptados à realidade das empresas.
Neste contexto a ferramenta desenvolvida, denominada de “BivalValor”, foi concebida para ser prática, intuitiva e adaptável às diferentes realidades de cada empresa de forma a permitir avaliar diferentes opções de valorização em função do volume de subprodutos gerados e da capacidade operacional e financeira da empresa.
Posto isto, conclui-se que a disponibilização desta ferramenta constitui um contributo relevante para promover práticas mais sustentáveis no setor dos bivalves e reduzir os custos associados à gestão de resíduos.
The growing production and consumption of bivalves in Portugal and worldwide has led to a significant increase in by-products, mainly shells, which continue to be sent to landfills. This practice represents a significant economic cost for companies in the sector, has a high environmental impact, and is a missed opportunity in terms of the circular economy. The aim of this work was to develop and validate a decision support tool for the recovery of bivalve by-products. The intention is to assist bivalve producers, purification centres and dispatchers in the sustainable recovery of their by-products, integrating technical, economic, legal and environmental criteria. The development was iterative and supported by bibliographic research and interviews with operators in the sector. The results obtained show that shells represent between 65% and 90% of the total weight of bivalves, which translates into a very significant annual production of by-products. At national level, it was found that companies generate, on average, around 11% of by-products in relation to the total volume produced, with the companies interviewed currently sending this waste for disposal, mainly through landfill. This practice is associated with significant economic costs and negative environmental impacts. Although the literature shows a high potential for the recovery of shells in various sectors such as construction, agriculture, water treatment, animal feed, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, the adoption of these solutions is still limited, mainly due to a lack of information, technical difficulties and even the absence of decision support tools that are more adapted to the reality of companies. In this context, the tool developed, called ‘BivalValor’, was designed to be practical, intuitive and adaptable to the different realities of each company in order to allow the evaluation of different recovery options depending on the volume of by-products generated and the operational and financial capacity of the company. That said, it can be concluded that the availability of this tool is a significant contribution to promoting more sustainable practices in the bivalve sector and reducing the costs associated with waste management.
The growing production and consumption of bivalves in Portugal and worldwide has led to a significant increase in by-products, mainly shells, which continue to be sent to landfills. This practice represents a significant economic cost for companies in the sector, has a high environmental impact, and is a missed opportunity in terms of the circular economy. The aim of this work was to develop and validate a decision support tool for the recovery of bivalve by-products. The intention is to assist bivalve producers, purification centres and dispatchers in the sustainable recovery of their by-products, integrating technical, economic, legal and environmental criteria. The development was iterative and supported by bibliographic research and interviews with operators in the sector. The results obtained show that shells represent between 65% and 90% of the total weight of bivalves, which translates into a very significant annual production of by-products. At national level, it was found that companies generate, on average, around 11% of by-products in relation to the total volume produced, with the companies interviewed currently sending this waste for disposal, mainly through landfill. This practice is associated with significant economic costs and negative environmental impacts. Although the literature shows a high potential for the recovery of shells in various sectors such as construction, agriculture, water treatment, animal feed, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, the adoption of these solutions is still limited, mainly due to a lack of information, technical difficulties and even the absence of decision support tools that are more adapted to the reality of companies. In this context, the tool developed, called ‘BivalValor’, was designed to be practical, intuitive and adaptable to the different realities of each company in order to allow the evaluation of different recovery options depending on the volume of by-products generated and the operational and financial capacity of the company. That said, it can be concluded that the availability of this tool is a significant contribution to promoting more sustainable practices in the bivalve sector and reducing the costs associated with waste management.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bivalves Conchas Subprodutos Economia circular Ferramenta de apoio à decisão Sustentabilidade