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Perceção do enfermeiro de família acerca da dinâmica familiar no contexto da visita domiciliária ao recém-nascido
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Contexto: A visita domiciliária (VD) ao recém-nascido e à sua família representa um momento privilegiado de intervenção do enfermeiro de saúde familiar, numa fase de transição marcada pela chegada de um novo membro e pela reorganização das dinâmicas familiares. Esta prática permite um acompanhamento próximo e individualizado, favorecendo a avaliação do estado de saúde do recém-nascido, bem como a compreensão do contexto e das necessidades da família, essenciais para a promoção do bem-estar e do desenvolvimento saudável da criança.
Objetivo: Esta revisão tem como objetivo conhecer a perceção dos enfermeiros de família na dinâmica familiar aquando primeira visita do recém-nascido ao domicílio.
Métodos: Realizou-se uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura (RIL) com pesquisas em bases de dados científicas como PubMed e no agregador de bases de dados EBSCOhost, utilizando termos como “enfermeiros”, “parentalidade”, “visita domicílio” e “recém-nascido”, no período entre 2016 e 2026. A análise dos dados foi realizada de forma qualitativa, destacando as principais intervenções e conclusões.
Resultados: As visitas domiciliares são uma intervenção privilegiada para apoiar precocemente a parentalidade e promover o desenvolvimento infantil, permitindo simultaneamente uma compreensão mais abrangente das vulnerabilidades e potencialidades das famílias. A referir que o domicílio constitui um espaço privilegiado, no qual os pais se manifestam mais confortáveis para expressar dúvidas, inseguranças e necessidades, favorecendo a construção de vínculo, confiança e uma comunicação aberta com os profissionais de saúde, nomeadamente, os enfermeiros. No mesmo sentido que a VD, em vez de se centrar apenas na doença ou no evento clínico, permite uma abordagem holística focada na família e no seu ambiente real de vida. Assim, o enfermeiro observa e compreende as rotinas diárias da família, os recursos disponíveis (rede de apoio), as dinâmicas relacionais (interações, conflitos e forças familiares) e as condições habitacionais (espaço físico, higiene, acessibilidade) que dificilmente seriam visíveis no ambiente institucional como por exemplo na consulta de enfermagem de saúde infantil.
Conclusão: A revisão integrativa demonstra que a visita domiciliária ao recém-nascido se configura como uma intervenção da Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar, permitindo uma avaliação sistémica e contextualizada da família, com enfoque nas dinâmicas familiares, nos determinantes sociais da saúde e nos processos de transição para a parentalidade. Evidencia-se o papel do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar (EEESF) na construção de uma relação terapêutica baseada na confiança e empatia, facilitadora da comunicação e promotora do envolvimento da família no processo de cuidados, em consonância com os princípios dos cuidados centrados na família.
Destaca-se ainda a relevância da visita domiciliária na identificação precoce de vulnerabilidades e fatores de risco, possibilitando a implementação de intervenções preventivas. Paralelamente, o EEESF assume um papel determinante na promoção da parentalidade, na capacitação e empowerment familiar, contribuindo para a adaptação saudável ao período pós-natal.
Contudo, a evidência científica permanece limitada, reforçando a necessidade de investigação adicional, particularmente em contexto de cuidados de saúde primários, com enfoque na avaliação e intervenção nas dinâmicas familiares no período pós-natal.
Background: Home visits to the newborn and their family represent a privileged moment for intervention by the Family Health Nurse during a transition phase marked by the arrival of a new member and the reorganization of family dynamics. This practice allows for close and individualized monitoring, fostering the assessment of the newborn’s health status, as well as an understanding of the family context and needs, which are essential for promoting the child's well-being and healthy development. Aim: This review aims to explore the perceptions of family nurses regarding family dynamics during the first newborn home visit. Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted through searches in scientific databases such as PubMed and the EBSCOhost aggregator. The search terms included “nurses,” “parenting,” “home visit,” and “newborn,” covering the period between 2016 and 2026. Data analysis was performed qualitatively, highlighting key interventions and conclusions. Results: Home visits are a primary intervention for early parenting support and the promotion of child development, while simultaneously allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of family vulnerabilities and strengths. It is noteworthy that the home constitutes a privileged environment where parents feel more comfortable expressing doubts, insecurities, and needs, fostering the development of bonding, trust, and open communication with health professionals, specifically nurses. Furthermore, the home visits rather than focusing solely on illness or clinical events enables a holistic approach centered on the family and their actual living environment. Thus, the nurse observes and understands daily family routines, available resources (support networks), relational dynamics (interactions, conflicts, and family strengths), and housing conditions (physical space, hygiene, accessibility) that would hardly be visible in an institutional setting, such as a pediatric nursing consultation. Conclusion: The integrative review demonstrates that the home visit to the newborn constitutes a Family Health Nursing intervention, allowing a contextualized systemic assessment of the family, with a focus on family dynamics, social determinants of health, and the transition processes to parenthood. The role of the Family Health Nurse Specialist (FHNS) is evidenced in building a therapeutic relationship based on trust and empathy, which facilitates communication and promotes family involvement in the care process, in line with the principles of family centered care. Furthermore, the relevance of the home visit in the early identification of vulnerabilities and risk factors is highlighted, enabling the implementation of preventive interventions. Simultaneously, the FHNS plays a decisive role in promoting parenting, family capacity building and empowerment, contributing to a healthy adaptation to the postnatal period. However, scientific evidence remains limited, reinforcing the need for further research, particularly in the context of primary health care, with a focus on the assessment and intervention in family dynamics during the postnatal period.
Background: Home visits to the newborn and their family represent a privileged moment for intervention by the Family Health Nurse during a transition phase marked by the arrival of a new member and the reorganization of family dynamics. This practice allows for close and individualized monitoring, fostering the assessment of the newborn’s health status, as well as an understanding of the family context and needs, which are essential for promoting the child's well-being and healthy development. Aim: This review aims to explore the perceptions of family nurses regarding family dynamics during the first newborn home visit. Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted through searches in scientific databases such as PubMed and the EBSCOhost aggregator. The search terms included “nurses,” “parenting,” “home visit,” and “newborn,” covering the period between 2016 and 2026. Data analysis was performed qualitatively, highlighting key interventions and conclusions. Results: Home visits are a primary intervention for early parenting support and the promotion of child development, while simultaneously allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of family vulnerabilities and strengths. It is noteworthy that the home constitutes a privileged environment where parents feel more comfortable expressing doubts, insecurities, and needs, fostering the development of bonding, trust, and open communication with health professionals, specifically nurses. Furthermore, the home visits rather than focusing solely on illness or clinical events enables a holistic approach centered on the family and their actual living environment. Thus, the nurse observes and understands daily family routines, available resources (support networks), relational dynamics (interactions, conflicts, and family strengths), and housing conditions (physical space, hygiene, accessibility) that would hardly be visible in an institutional setting, such as a pediatric nursing consultation. Conclusion: The integrative review demonstrates that the home visit to the newborn constitutes a Family Health Nursing intervention, allowing a contextualized systemic assessment of the family, with a focus on family dynamics, social determinants of health, and the transition processes to parenthood. The role of the Family Health Nurse Specialist (FHNS) is evidenced in building a therapeutic relationship based on trust and empathy, which facilitates communication and promotes family involvement in the care process, in line with the principles of family centered care. Furthermore, the relevance of the home visit in the early identification of vulnerabilities and risk factors is highlighted, enabling the implementation of preventive interventions. Simultaneously, the FHNS plays a decisive role in promoting parenting, family capacity building and empowerment, contributing to a healthy adaptation to the postnatal period. However, scientific evidence remains limited, reinforcing the need for further research, particularly in the context of primary health care, with a focus on the assessment and intervention in family dynamics during the postnatal period.
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Palavras-chave
Enfermeiros Parentalidade Visita domicílio e Recém-nascido
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC