Modulation of gut microbiota by diet and probiotics: potential approaches to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus

Cruz, Marisa Carreira; Azinheiro, Sarah; Pereira, Sónia Gonçalves

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/8673

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Authors

Cruz, Marisa Carreira

Azinheiro, Sarah

Pereira, Sónia Gonçalves

Abstract(s)

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a rising global health problem that affects approximately 6% of pregnant women. Lifestyle interventions, particularly diet, and exercise are the first-line treatment, followed by pharmacotherapy, but with associated side effects to both mother and offspring. Modulation of gut microbiota may help prevent or manage GDM. Some gut bacterial groups associated with GDM are also associated with inflammatory biomarkers and gut dysbiosis. Available literature reports that low-glycaemic index diet reduces maternal fasting and 2-hour postprandial glucose and maintains a beneficial gut bacterial composition. Pre- and probiotics can aid GDM therapy by modulating gut microbiota to eubiotic status and improving glucose metabolism. Probiotics as adjuvant GDM therapy should consider bacterial strains, dosage, and treatment duration. Limitations in their use require further studies to develop specific probioticbased GDM supplement therapy that impacts glycaemic control and inflammatory status by reducing fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance, and improving lipid profiles of pregnant women.

Keywords

Gut microbiota Pregnancy Probiotics Diet Gestational diabetes mellitus

URI

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/8673

Citation

Cruz, M., Azinheiro, S., & Pereira, S. (2023). Modulation of gut microbiota by diet and probiotics: Potential approaches to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus. Gut Microbiome, 1-36. doi:10.1017/gmb.2023.6