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Integrating Internet of Things into cardiac rehabilitation for heart failure: a review of emerging technologies

2026-01-23Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia
datacite.subject.sdg09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas
dc.contributor.authorKlein, Adriana
dc.contributor.authorPinheiro, Rafael
dc.contributor.authorFonseca-Pinto, Rui
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-22T13:25:49Z
dc.date.available2026-04-22T13:25:49Z
dc.date.issued2026-01-23
dc.descriptionAll claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher
dc.descriptionArticle number - 1737523
dc.description.abstractHeart failure (HF) is a prevalent and debilitating condition that significantly affects patients' quality of life and places a substantial burden on healthcare systems. In recent years, digital technologies have been increasingly explored in cardiac rehabilitation (CR), particularly through their integration within Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems to support remote monitoring and personalized care. This review aimed to provide a focused overview of emerging digital technologies applicable to the rehabilitation of patients with HF, with emphasis on solutions compatible with IoT-based systems. A targeted literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane and Web of Science, including studies published between 2019 and 2024. Studies addressing digital technologies in HF rehabilitation. Following a structured selection process, 59 articles were included in the narrative synthesis. The findings indicate a growing body of literature investigating wearable physiological monitoring devices, telehealth-based CR programs, digital platforms, and smart sensors, many of which have been explored for integration within IoT infrastructures. These technologies have been associated with improved remote follow-up, patient engagement, and real-time physiological data collection outside traditional clinical settings. Emerging applications of artificial intelligence within IoT-enabled systems have also been examined to support clinical workflows and adaptive rehabilitation strategies. Despite increasing interest, challenges remain, including heterogeneity in study designs, usability concerns, data privacy and security issues, economic barriers, and limited large-scale clinical validation. Overall, this review suggests that IoT-enabled technologies represent a promising area of research in CR, warranting further investigation to support their sustainable integration into routine HF care.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThe author(s) declared that financial support was received for this work and/or its publication. This study was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through the research unit UID/05704/2025 (DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.54499/UID/05704/2025), and within the scope of the research project 2 ARTs (PTDC/EMD-EMD/6588/2020). Rafael Fernandes Pinheiro was supported by the Institutional Scientific Employment Stimulus (DOI: https://doi.org/10.54499/CEECINST/00060/2021/ CP2799/CT0010).
dc.identifier.citationKlein A, Pinheiro RF and Fonseca-Pinto R (2026) Integrating Internet of Things into cardiac rehabilitation for heart failure: a review of emerging technologies. Front. Med. 12:1737523. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1737523
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fmed.2025.1737523
dc.identifier.issn2296-858X
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/16173
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherFrontiers Media
dc.relationCenter for Innovative Care and Health Technology
dc.relation2ARTs -Acessing Autonomic Control in Cardiac Rehabilitation
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1737523/full
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Medicine
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectCardiac rehabilitation
dc.subjectDigital health
dc.subjectHeart failure
dc.subjectInternet of Things
dc.subjectMedical industry
dc.titleIntegrating Internet of Things into cardiac rehabilitation for heart failure: a review of emerging technologieseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberUIDB/05704/2020
oaire.awardNumberPTDC/EMD-EMD/6588/2020
oaire.awardTitleCenter for Innovative Care and Health Technology
oaire.awardTitle2ARTs -Acessing Autonomic Control in Cardiac Rehabilitation
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F05704%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/14027
oaire.citation.titleFrontiers in Medicine
oaire.citation.volume12
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStreamConcurso para Financiamento de Projetos de Investigação Científica e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Todos os Domínios Científicos - 2020
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNamePinheiro
person.familyNameFonseca-Pinto
person.givenNameRafael
person.givenNameRui
person.identifier.ciencia-id8513-F117-D554
person.identifier.ciencia-id681D-C547-B184
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-2369-9016
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6774-5363
person.identifier.ridK-9449-2014
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57204116615
person.identifier.scopus-author-id26039086400
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
relation.isAuthorOfPublication06761113-497b-4db8-9d9e-2577c048fadb
relation.isAuthorOfPublication7eb9d123-1800-4afd-a2f6-91043353011b
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery06761113-497b-4db8-9d9e-2577c048fadb
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