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Experiences of Loss and Grief Among Brazilian Frontline Healthcare Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: A Grounded Theory Analysis

2026-05-03Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorLima, Paola Kallyanna Guarneri Carvalho de
dc.contributor.authorLaranjeira, Carlos
dc.contributor.authorAli, Amira Mohammed
dc.contributor.authorFekih-Romdhane, Feten
dc.contributor.authorYıldırım, Murat
dc.contributor.authorCarreira, Lígia
dc.contributor.authorSalci, Maria Aparecida
dc.date.accessioned2026-09-07T14:43:45Z
dc.date.available2026-09-07T14:43:45Z
dc.date.issued2026-05-03
dc.descriptionArticle nr 1230
dc.description.abstractBackground/Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic exerted unprecedented pressure on healthcare professionals and systems worldwide. To manage this increased demand, hospitals extended working hours, resulting in increased strain on workers and impacting their professional well-being. Simultaneously, the numerous deaths due to illness meant that healthcare professionals did not have sufficient time to process grief, which may have led to unresolved grief and other mental health problems. The aim of this study was to understand the experiences of loss and grief and their repercussions on Brazilian healthcare professionals working on the front lines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This qualitative study followed Charmaz’s constructivist grounded theory. The study used the COREQ checklist. Between August 2024 and January 2025, 24 healthcare professionals who worked on the front lines during the COVID-19 pandemic were interviewed via telephone. Participants were primarily female (n = 14) with a mean age of 42 years (SD = 9.13). Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Results: The core phenomenon that emerged from the analytical process is “between exhaustion and resilience in a war-like scenario: challenges and opportunities in the care provided by frontline professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic”. This main axis was anchored in three categories: (1) adversities imposed by COVID-19 on the functioning of health services; (2) witnessing sudden deaths and the physical absence of families; (3) reconstruction of meanings and personal and professional growth. Conclusions: The experience of grief was intensified by the peculiarities permeating the death process in the pandemic context and the modification of farewell moments. The study exposes a need for training programs focused on medical, nursing, psychological, and other areas of care education that involve not only understanding clinical issues but also recognizing loss and grief as an integral part of care processes. Importantly, legislators should allocate additional resources to services that provide psychological support to healthcare professionals, in order to promote their adaptive coping.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was funded by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) - grant number: 001/2023. It was also supported by FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; I.P. (UID/05704/2025; https://doi.org/10.54499/UID/05704/2025, accessed on 14 April 2026); and by the Scientific Employment Stimulus - Institutional Call - (https://doi.org/10.54499/CEECINST/00051/2018/CP1566/CT0012, accessed on 14 April 2026).
dc.identifier.citationLima, P.K.G.C.d.; Laranjeira, C.; Ali, A.M.; Fekih-Romdhane, F.; Yıldırım, M.; Carreira, L.; Salci, M.A. Experiences of Loss and Grief Among Brazilian Frontline Healthcare Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: A Grounded Theory Analysis. Healthcare 2026, 14, 1230. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14091230
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/healthcare14091230
dc.identifier.issn2227-9032
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/16793
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationCenter for Innovative Care and Health Technology
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/14/9/1230
dc.relation.ispartofHealthcare
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectBrazil
dc.subjectCOVID-19
dc.subjectGrief
dc.subjectGrounded theory
dc.subjectHealthcare professionals
dc.subjectLoss
dc.titleExperiences of Loss and Grief Among Brazilian Frontline Healthcare Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: A Grounded Theory Analysis
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberUID/05704/2025
oaire.awardTitleCenter for Innovative Care and Health Technology
oaire.awardURIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/16767
oaire.citation.endPage18
oaire.citation.issue9
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleHealthcare
oaire.citation.volume14
oaire.fundingStreamAvaliação UID 2023/2024
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameLaranjeira
person.givenNameCarlos
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1080-9535
person.identifier.scopus-author-id22957802900
relation.isAuthorOfPublication7c2157d8-cac9-4004-9438-e92fec260842
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery7c2157d8-cac9-4004-9438-e92fec260842
relation.isProjectOfPublication0cff4974-844d-4013-8925-4077ed05335a
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery0cff4974-844d-4013-8925-4077ed05335a

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