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- Potential use of macroalgae Gracilaria gracilis in diets for European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax): Health benefits from a sustainable sourcePublication . Passos, Ricardo; Correia, Ana Patrícia; Pires, Damiana; Pires, Pedro; Ferreira, Inês; Simões, Marco; Carmo, Beatriz do; Santos, Paulo; Pombo, Ana; Afonso, Clélia; Baptista, TeresaSeaweeds still possess a large undisclosed potential, mainly due to their constituent’s richness, which may have several uses for society. In aquaculture, they may play a role as an ecological sustainable aquafeed supplement to increase overall health and fight pathogenic outbreaks. This study aimed to evaluate the general health modulation that the inclusion of Gracilaria gracilis could accomplish in the diet of Dicentrarchus labrax. Dried algae at 2.5% and 5% and algal extract at 0.35% inclusion levels were supplemented to seabass diet to evaluate possible growth, haematological, immunological, antioxidant, metabolic, and intestinal morphological modulations. The supplementations did not impact growth or feed utilization, and barely affected the haematological profile and some metabolic parameters. Nevertheless, it caused a marked outcome on lysozyme, some oxidative stress biomarkers, and intestine morphology, suggesting beneficial consequences from the algal inclusion. Dried algae powder, with a 2.5% inclusion, boosted immune response, with higher plasmatic lysozyme and intestinal acid goblet cells and protected against oxidative damages by improved enzymatic and non-enzymatic responses. Thus, we provide evidence that dietary seaweed application may be a path towards a more sustainable aquaculture industry.
- Pelvetia canaliculata as an aquafeed supplement for gilthead seabream Sparus aurata: A biorefinery approach for seaweed biomass valorisationPublication . Pires, Damiana; Passos, Ricardo; Carmo, Beatriz do; Tchobanov, Carolina F.; Forte, Sara; Vaz, Mariana; Antunes, Madalena; Tecelão, Carla; Baptista, TeresaFor sustainable and economically viable aquaculture, it is necessary to search for alternative sources of aquafeeds. Algae have been studied because of their bioactive compounds with several activities such as antioxidants. The direct incorporation of the macroalgae Pelvetia canaliculata in sunflower oil to increase oxidative stability and biological value results in waste with high nutritional value that may be used as an ingredient in aquaculture feed. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporating algae powder (PEL 1%, PEL 10%) and algae waste obtained after sunflower oil supplementation (WO 1%, WO 10%) in aquafeeds for gilthead seabream. We studied the growth performance, haematological profile, oxidative stress and metabolic parameters, and intestine histomorphology. Experimental diets did not influence growth performance or somatic indexes, and barely affected the haematological profile. Catalase showed higher activity in seabream fed with PEL10 than with control diet. Total glutathione had a higher activity in fish fed with both WO diets. Plasmatic levels of cholesterol were higher in PEL1 and WO10. Triglyceride levels were higher in WO1 and total lipids were higher in both WO diets. The histomorphology of the intestine was slightly modulated by experimental diets but was not affected negatively. In general, supplementation with Pelvetia powder and algal waste oil may be used as an aquafeed for gilthead seabream according to the results obtained for growth, some haematological parameters, catalase and total glutathione, intestinal villi length, and the number of total and acid goblet cells.