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- USALI adapted to the small independent hotelsPublication . Correia, Henrique; Santos, Luís Lima; Gomes, Conceição; Ferreira, Raul RibeiroA set of management accounting techniques has been used by hoteliers in order to aptimize decision making processes by hotel managers, as it is crucial for success on a global scale. Prior studies related to the characterization of management accounting in the lodging industry in several countries have recognized the Uniform System of Accounts on Lodging Industry (USALI) as one of the management accounting techniques. USALI is a powerful management accounting technique in the means that allows the standardization and comparability of information. Nevertheless, USALI has had a higher degree of utilization in the hotel chains given that it is used to support the information processing. It is known that in many countries, including Portugal, corporate structure is composed by micro and small enterprises. Thus the aim of this paper was to understand the contribution of the USALI in the small independent hotels, through of a USALI adjusted. The first step of this study was to analyse the Portuguese case by conducting a survey to obtain data, which has been submitted to a statistical analysis. It was concluded in relation to operating departments, the most frequently used are: "Rooms" and "Food & Beverage" (F&B). It will be necessary to reduce a lot of items and schedules to adapt the USALI for small independent hotels.
- Financial balance of small independent hotels: the management viewPublication . Alves, Diana Vieira; Santos, Luís Lima; Ferreira, Cátia Malheiros; Ferreira, Raul RibeiroIn order to succeed in a competitive tourism world, financial balance is fundamental to hotel management. In the particular case of small independent hotels , the financial ratios and indicators analysis have been used connected with the decision-making process, which allows their survival. Prior studies related to the use of financial ratios and indicators in the hospitality industry in several countries has demonstrated that these analysis are one of the most important management tools. Hotel chains normally use global financial ratios and indicators, which provide a huge amount of information. That can be explained by the fact that they have to follow management worldwide rules. However, as in many European countries, the Portuguese corporate structure is composed by micro and small enterprises. This fact has led us to porpose a set of suitable financial ratios and indicators (liquidity, solvency, profitability, and turnover ratios and indicators) - "tableau de bord" - to be used on smal independent hotels' management. A questionnaire addressed to independent hotel managers was conducted to obtain data, which has been submitted to a statistical analysis. To characterize the finacial ratios and indicators descritpive statistics were used. The conclusion shows that despite the importance of some of the financial ratios and indicators they are not being used, which indicates an opportunity related to the proposal of a "tableau de bord" adapted to small independent hotels management.
- Performance evaluation of small independent hotels through management accounting indicators and ratiosPublication . Casqueira, Nuno; Gomes, Conceição; Santos, Luís Lima; Ferreira, Cátia Malheiros; Ferreira, Raul RibeiroIn order to succeed in a competitive tourism world, several management accounting techniques have been used by hoterliers. Management accounting techniques are connected with the decision-making process. Prior studies related to the characterization of management accounting in the lodging industry in several countries have recognised the ratio and indicators analysis as one of the management accounting techniques. Hotel chains use performance ratios and indicators, because thier management is accordingly with global rules. As in many other European countries, the Portugueses corporate structure directed to the independent hotel managers was conducted to obtain data, and has been submitted to a statistical analysis. In order to characterize the ratios and indicators it was used descritpive statistics. The conclusion shows that despite the importance of some of the operational ratios and indicators they are not being used, which allows some expectations relating to the proposal of a "tableau de bord" adapted to small independent hotels management.