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- Human-Computer Interaction in BedPublication . Desouzart, Gustavo; Filgueiras, ErnestoSleep disorders are increasingly common view and it is a growing problem in modern societies. There are several problems that can cause this type of disturbance, being the demanding obligations of work and study, a current problem, which leads individuals to allocate more time their rest period in at home. Currently, we are seeing the replacement of handwork by mental, automated and computerized work, which translates into an increasing percentage of time spent performing repetitive static character tasks (physical effort), being able to compare yourself to your work done in industry, traditional production lines (Caetano & Vala 2002). It is no less demanding contexts of labor among which are those activities that involve the long hours spent at the computer. This paper presents a study whose objective was to research the human-computer interaction with the time spent by young adults in carrying out activities with computing devices (computer, tablet or mobile phone) in residences’ bedrooms of air force military and university students in rest time periods and with ecological validation with observation method to video analysis and using a Software iSEE. A sample of 32956 observations, which corresponds to 1824 sleep-hours of 24 young adults, was classified into two (2) Interaction Categories (IC), body position while participants were awake in bed (2873 observations) and doing activities (3001 observations). The image registration was performed during the period of six months, divided into two periods with each participant, to enable the analysis of different times of the year and not just a single period can mean a higher specific activity. The results show that 38.7% (N = 1113 observations) of the participants presented the sitting as the most common postural behavior during awake in bed when the participants doing activities. In reference of activities in bed, 49.2% (N = 1475) used the computer, followed by Using mobile devices, with 16.7% (N = 501) of observations. When we analyze the group of participants, the students showed 49.2% of the period of activity in bed, using the computer, and 13.8% used mobile equipment. In the same reference, the military also used the computer (49%) as the main activity in bed during the night rest, but they used more mobile devices (19.4%) than students. Regarding the postures, students used the sitting (57.1%) as the main active posture when in bed, however, the military was the only sitting 3rd indication posture in bed, being the 1st observation of posture in bed,was the supine position with 30.7%. This data set the type of use of computer devices in bed (studying, playing games, watching movie or playing). Findings of this study allow suggesting what graphical interface designers must seek as newstrategies and solutions for posture in bed, exploring other peripheral equipment for using informatics equipment in bed position.
- Understanding the Interaction of Design Students with Portable Computers in the ClassroomPublication . Lavin, Luís; Filgueiras, Ernesto; Figueiredo, Carlos; Desouzart, GustavoLaptop computers are an indispensable tool for the learning of Product Design. However the universities classrooms are not adapted to the new technological evolutions and working processes. The main objectives of this study were to analyze the human-computer interaction in Product Design classrooms, by observing the users, the work activity and the environment, to understand the current demands for the use of laptop computers, and to observe current patterns of student interaction, and their needs. Data were gathered and analyzed from a set of classrooms in a Portuguese university using the following methodologies: free observation; systematic indirect observation through video recording and analysis; and student survey. The results show that 56.5% of the study participants use information systems in the classroom, of these, 90% use laptop computers, and use this devices individually. In general, about 52% of the records indicate that in the classroom the information systems were used by less than 50% of the class students. This study results can promote: (a) the development of a set of data and information that can assist designers and other professionals in the product creation process; (b) the awareness of the universities to the need to modernize the spaces, furniture, and equipment, and to adapt them to the new processes of work and to the new student-computer interactional behaviors.