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Browsing CARME - Artigos by Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) "09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas"
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- Data-driven decisions: Artificial intelligence-based experimental validation of ocean ecosystem services scalePublication . Figueiredo, Ronnie; Cabral, PedroSeveral studies address the main topic of research, ecosystem services. It is also proven that decision-making in organizations generally involves a decision-maker, who assumes internal responsibility for the results. However, when the decision is collective, we need to think about the context of governance. How can we increase the sustainable decisions of ocean ecosystem services governance? When this decision is applied to ocean ecosystem services, in particular, we need a parameter. Therefore, the proposed scale is an initial guide for support key decision-makers decisions on the governance of ocean services ecosystems. The scale proposal with validation through classical linear regression, and supported by an artificial neural network, demonstrates the main variables that influence the decision and contribute to possible risk mitigations in terms of decisions.
- Determinants of default prediction of the tourism sector: the case of Portuguese SMEsPublication . Lisboa, Inês; Costa, Magali; Vouga, BeatrizThis study intends to understand the determinants of default of tourism SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises), i.e., which aspects impact the probability that the company will not comply with its financial obligations. For this purpose, a panel data composed from a sample of 3,945 Portuguese SMEs, over ten years, was analysed. An ex-ante criterion (based on a set of financial ratios) was used to classify firms in default or compliant. This criterion helps to detect financial problems early. Then, in addition to the firm’s specific characteristics, which are the most used determinants, governance variables and macroeconomic factors were analysed in the firm's default prediction logit model. Results prove that the three groups of determinants are relevant to explain firms’ financial difficulties probability. The proposed model presents a success rate (predictive ability to classify as compliant and default) of around 80%. Furthermore, as a test of the robustness of the results, the sample period was divided into two subperiods (2010 to 2014 and 2015 to 2019) with different investment rates in the sector, allowing the conclusion that what determines the default of SMEs in the Portuguese tourism sector depends on the period analysed.
- Model testing – decision-making on capacity expansion in family businesses. Evidence from PortugalPublication . Nemes, Kinga; Lisboa, Inês; Konczos-Szombathelyi, MártaThis paper aims to test and validate a model of internal factors influencing the capacity expansion decisions of family businesses, thereby helping these organizations better understand their decision-making processes. The identified internal factors include socio-emotional wealth, intergenerational cooperation, and a heterogeneous top management team. The study focuses on family businesses in the Portuguese food industry and employs both qualitative and quantitative methods. A structured online questionnaire, completed by 150 respondents, was analyzed using SPSS. Additionally, in-depth interviews were conducted to confirm the quantitative findings and provide a broader conceptual perspective. The results indicate that both qualitative and quantitative analyses support the proposed model.
- Quitters from Hospitality Industry: Misfit or Just Looking for Better Conditions?Publication . Lopes, Ana Sofia; Sargento, AnaAfter the COVID-19 crisis, a considerable contraction emerged in the labor supply of the hospitality industry. This investigation aims to identify some factors that justify the intention behind an ex-worker in tourism changing their occupation. In particular, we investigate if the change is motivated by skill mismatches or by a willingness to find more stable and rewarding jobs. Several datasets were combined to obtain multilevel information on all the unemployed from the hospitality industry between September 2022 and August 2023. A probit model was used to estimate the intention to change occupation, considering different personal, regional and occupational characteristics. Our results demonstrate that, for overqualified individuals, the intention to change occupation is motivated by trying to find better conditions and not by the mismatch per se. In contrast, the underqualified are significantly affected by the mismatch, which make them more vulnerable. Generally, movers are significantly influenced by the odds of having higher job stability and better wages (especially higher overtime premium) and are more frequently younger and higher educated individuals. Therefore, employers and policymakers should promote better wages, job stability, training, and career progression opportunities to reduce turnover in the hospitality industry.
- Reverse vending machines in the circular economy: A bibliometric analysis of an underexplored enabler (2003–2023)Publication . Fernandes, Maria Eduarda; C., João MaurícioDeposit Refund Systems (DRS), particularly Reverse Vending Machines (RVM), have emerged as promising tools to foster recycling and close material loops, thus advancing the principles of the circular economy. Yet, the evolution of academic discourse concerning such incentives within the framework of circular economy practices remains an underexplored gap, which justifies a comprehensive analysis such as the one conducted in this study. Through a bibliometric approach, this research explores the evolution of the theme over time (from 2003 to 2023). Drawing on a sample of 755 articles, the results indicate a growing academic interest in the subject, particularly after 2017, driven by global policy shifts and the increasing relevance of circular economy principles. Results also underscore the interdisciplinary nature of sustainable waste management, advocating for the integration of policy frameworks, technological innovations, and financial incentives to achieve long-term sustainability goals. However, the potential of RVM as key enablers in closing material loops, due to their role in material recovery and sustainable waste management, is not sufficiently treated. This highlights not only a gap in the existing literature, but also a missed opportunity to fully explore the transformative potential of RVMs in advancing circular economy goals.