Unidade de Investigação – LSRE-LCM – Laboratório de Processos de Separação e Reação – Laboratório de Catálise e Materiais – Polo IPLeiria
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O polo do LSRE-LCM – Laboratório de Processos de Separação e Reação – Laboratório de Catálise e Materiais do Politécnico de Leiria foi criado em 2011 e atualmente integra o maior Laboratório Associado Português em Engenharia Química, ALiCE, com uma intervenção muito relevante nas áreas de Engenharia do Ambiente e da Bioengenharia.
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- A Community-Based Participatory Framework to Co-Develop Patient Education Materials (PEMs) for Rare Diseases: A Model Transferable across DiseasesPublication . Falcão, Marta; Allocca, Mariateresa; Rodrigues, Ana Sofia; Granjo, Pedro; Francisco, Rita; Pascoal, Carlota; Rossi, Maria Grazia; Marques-da-Silva, Dorinda; Magrinho, Salvador C. M.; Jaeken, Jaak; Castro, Larisa Aragon; Freitas, Cláudia de; Videira, Paula A.; Andrés-Aguayo, Luísa de; Ferreira, Vanessa dos ReisAt least 50% of chronic disease patients don’t follow their care plans, leading to lower health outcomes and higher medical costs. Providing Patient Education Materials (PEMs) to individuals living with a disease can help to overcome these problems. PEMs are especially beneficial for people suffering from multisystemic and underrecognized diseases, such as rare diseases. Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are ultra-rare diseases, where a need was identified for PEMs in plain language that can clearly explain complex information. Community involvement in the design of PEMs is extremely important for diseases whose needs are underserved, such as rare diseases; however, attempts to involve lay and professional stakeholders are lacking. This paper presents a community-based participatory framework to co-create PEMs for CDG, that is transferable to other diseases. A literature review and questionnaire were performed, and only four articles describing the development of PEMS for rare diseases have been found, which demonstrates a lack of standardized approaches. The framework and PEMs were co-developed with CDG families and will be crucial in increasing health literacy and empowering families. We will close a gap in the creation of PEMs for CDG by delivering these resources in lay language in several languages.
- Influence of commensal bacteria on the proteolytic and antigenic profiles of INFOGEST-like digested wheat gliadinPublication . Pereira-Costa, Flávio; Domingues, Vanessa S.; Roque, Ana; Almeida, Zaida L.; Cruz, Pedro F.; Cordeiro, Rachel; Trindade, Daniela; Moura, Carla; Melo, Joana B.; Pereira, Sónia G.; Vaz, Daniela C.Introduction: Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic autoimmune enteropathy developed by genetically predisposed individuals when exposed to gluten. Gluten gliadins, along with gut microbiota, may influence CeD onset and progression through mechanisms that remain unclear. Methods: Gliadin-degrading bacterial isolates obtained from CeD patients, and their 1st-degree relatives’ stool and blood were identified (Bacillus tropicus, Enterococcus faecalis, Micrococcus sp., Cronobacter sakazakii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens) and used in an INFOGEST-like protocol to simulate gliadin digestion after 4 h (digested gliadin, d-gliadin). The d-gliadin digesta were analyzed by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fluorescence spectroscopy, and polyclonal and monoclonal (R5 and G12) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Results and discussion: In the absence of the bacterial isolates, gliadin is poorly digested and self-assembles within 1 day into intermediate and large protein oligomers/aggregates, enriched in β-sheet structure (FTIR amide I band between 1,600 and 1,700 cm−1) and able to bind thioflavin T and Congo red. Conversely, in the presence of the bacterial isolates, gliadin is further digested, leading to an increase in protein fragments. After 4 h, the P. aeruginosa, C. sakazakii, and B. tropicus d-gliadin digesta presented a mixture of d-gliadin peptides and aggregates that showed higher antigenicity (associated with the exposure of the 5-amino acid QQPFP and 6-amino acid QPQLPY epitopes, present in the 25-mer and 33-mer, respectively) than control digestions (without bacteria), while E. faecalis led to lower antigenicity. In turn, within 24 h of incubation, all bacterial isolates led to the formation of undigested material with lower antigenicity, either due to fewer 33-mers and 25-mers in solution, or to fragment aggregation into amorphous material, not exposing antigenic sequences. Hence, intestinal flora may enhance or diminish the antigenicity of gliadin, thereby modulating the immunogenic response to gliadin/gluten.
- Low-Protein Diets, Malnutrition, and Bone Metabolism in Chronic Kidney DiseasePublication . Pereira, Cidália D.; Guimarães, Carla; Ribeiro, Vânia S.; Vaz, Daniela C.; Martins, Maria JoãoChronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high prevalence worldwide, with increasing incidence in low- and middle-income countries, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality, particularly from cardiovascular disease. Protein-restricted diets are one of the most widely used non-pharmacological approaches to slow the progression of CKD and prevent associated metabolic abnormalities. However, some concerns have been raised about the long-term safety of these diets, particularly with regard to patients’ nutritional status and bone and mineral disorders. Therefore, the aim of this article is to review the most recent scientific evidence on the relevance of using protein-restricted diets (with or without keto-analogue supplementation) and, in particular, their relationships with malnutrition and mineral and bone disorders in people with CKD without kidney replacement therapies. Although protein-restricted diets, especially when supplemented with keto-analogues and highly personalized and monitored, do not appear to be associated with malnutrition, research on their effects on bone and mineral disorders is scarce, deserving further investigation.
- Post-COVID-19 condition in patients with mild-moderate infectionPublication . Cepa, Margarida; Raimundo, Rosário; Breda, Filipa; Sebastião, FernandoIntroduction: Recognizing a post-COVID-19 condition’s prevalence and severity is essential for patient follow-up decisions. However, few robust longitudinal data on long-lasting symptoms of COVID-19 are available, especially in mild-moderate disease. Aims: This study aimed to identify the most frequent persistent and emerging symptoms of COVID-19, possible association with comorbidities, and the impact of COVID-19 infection on patients’ health status, in a primary healthcare facility, up to one year of disease onset. Methods: Telephone interviews were conducted six weeks, twelve weeks, and twelve months after COVID-19 infection to screen from acute phase clinical presentation up to one year after disease onset. Symptom persistence, patients' comorbidities and their impact on long-lasting effects of COVID-19 infection, and patients’ self-perception of their health status were investigated. Results: Long-lasting COVID-19 symptoms were predominantly asthenia, anosmia, dysgeusia, arthralgia, memory, and/or concentration problems. Health status after COVID-19 disease had worsened at post-acute disease (six and twelve weeks) and, after twelve months, some patients did not return to their usual health status. Susceptibility to prolonged symptoms could be associated with predictors, namely some symptoms present in the acute phase (myalgias, dyspnoea, asthenia, headache, anosmia, dysgeusia, diarrhoea, lumbar pain), presence of comorbidity, age over 40 and female sex. Conclusions: The health consequences of COVID-19 extend far beyond acute infection. Prolonged COVID-19 symptoms were associated with specific patients’ characteristics and acute disease presentation. Patients’ health status deteriorated after COVID-19, and several patients did not recover one year later. For these reasons, attention should be guaranteed over time, independently of COVID-19 severity.
- Rafting on the Evidence for Lipid Raft-like Domains as Hubs Triggering Environmental Toxicants’ Cellular EffectsPublication . Marques-da-Silva, Dorinda; Lagoa, RicardoThe plasma membrane lipid rafts are cholesterol- and sphingolipid-enriched domains that allow regularly distributed, sub-micro-sized structures englobing proteins to compartmentalize cellular processes. These membrane domains can be highly heterogeneous and dynamic, functioning as signal transduction platforms that amplify the local concentrations and signaling of individual components. Moreover, they participate in cell signaling routes that are known to be important targets of environmental toxicants affecting cell redox status and calcium homeostasis, immune regulation, and hormonal functions. In this work, the evidence that plasma membrane raft-like domains operate as hubs for toxicants’ cellular actions is discussed, and suggestions for future research are provided. Several studies address the insertion of pesticides and other organic pollutants into membranes, their accumulation in lipid rafts, or lipid rafts’ disruption by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), and even metals/metalloids. In hepatocytes, macrophages, or neurons, B[a]P, airborne particulate matter, and other toxicants caused rafts’ protein and lipid remodeling, oxidative changes, or amyloidogenesis. Different studies investigated the role of the invaginated lipid rafts present in endothelial cells in mediating the vascular inflammatory effects of PCBs. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo data strongly implicate raft-localized NADPH oxidases, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, caveolin-1, and protein kinases in the toxic mechanisms of occupational and environmental chemicals.