Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2010-06"
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- Os direitos fundamentais à maternidade e à paternidade Vs o direito fundamental à liberdade de empresaPublication . Gonçalves, Luísa AndiasA maternidade e a paternidade são direitos reconhecidos pela Lei Fundamental portuguesa. Nos casos em que os titulares daqueles direitos assumem a posição de contraentes num contrato de trabalho (como trabalhadores), e, assim, hipotecam parte da sua disponibilidade pessoal, o exercício daqueles direitos não é livre de colisão com o direito à liberdade de empresa, Efectivamente, os interesses da entidade empregadora saem afectados pelo exercício dos direitos fundamentais à maternidade e paternidade, tendo em conta que a protecção destes últimos engloba, entre outros, o direito a períodos de dispensa de prestação da actividade a que contratualmente se obrigaram. A própria CRP “autoriza”, desta forma, o incumprimento do contrato de trabalho. Por outro lado, o exercício de harmonização dos direitos fundamentais em conflito obriga a que o direito à liberdade de emprega seja tido em conta pelo legislador ordinário na regulamentação do regime laboral de protecção da maternidade e da paternidade.
- (In)sucesso académico no ensino superior : factores e estratégias de intervençãoPublication . Ferreira, José Brites; Seco, Graça Maria dos Santos Batista; Canastra, Fernando Augusto Coelho; Dias, Isabel Simões; Abreu, MariaO tema do (in)sucesso académico no Ensino Superior (ES) tem sido debatido por estudantes, docentes, instituições de ES, governo e pela sociedade em geral com perspectivas diversas mas com preocupações comuns: o insucesso como um problema mas também como causa de outras realidades igualmente preocupantes (e.g.: abandono escolar no ensino superior, número de anos para terminar um curso, satisfação individual com o percurso académico, entre outras).
- Evaluation of in vitro degradation of PCL scaffolds fabricated via BioExtrusion. Part 1: Influence of the degradation environmentPublication . Domingos, M.; Chiellini, F.; Cometa, S.; De Giglio, E.; Grillo-Fernandes, E.; Bártolo, P.; Chiellini, E.One of the most promising approaches in tissue engineering (TE) comprises the development of 3D porous scaffolds which are able to promote tissue regeneration. Biocompatible and biodegradable poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) structures are increasingly used as temporary extra-cellular matrices for bone tissue engineering. To ensure an appropriate bone restoration over the long term, the selected material must have a degradation rate that match the in-growth of new bone. The in vivo process, by which the scaffold degrades and is resorbed transferring the load and function back to the host tissue, is complex. Consequently, an appropriate preliminary in vitro study is required. A novel extrusion-based technology called BioExtruder was used to produce PCL porous scaffolds made with layers of directionally aligned microfilaments. The in vitro degradation behaviour in both simulated body fluid (SBF) and phosphate buffer solution (PBS) were investigated over 6 months. The characterization of the degradation behaviour of the structures was performed at specific times by evaluating changes in the average molecular weight, the weight loss and its thermal properties. Morphological and surface chemical analyses were also performed using a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and an X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
- EditorialPublication . Bártolo, Paulo; Chua, C. K.In this issue, we invited five winners of the ‘Best Paper Awards’ at the 4th International Conference on Advanced Research in Virtual and Rapid Prototyping, Leiria, Portugal, 6-10 October 2009, to enhance their conference papers to the standard of an international journal. One paper each from ‘Materials’ track, ‘Biomanufacturing’ track and ‘Virtual Environment & Simulation’ track and two papers from ‘Advanced Rapid Prototyping Technologies and Nanofabrication’ track.
- A 1.2V 900nW conductance converterPublication . Miranda, Nuno; Morais, RaulThis article describes a new electrical conductance converter method suitable for very low power applications, where energy constraints prevails over speed and measurement accuracy. Method idea gather voltage time integration and shopper stabilization techniques to process noisy low amplitude signals and to overcome severe limitations of weak inversion channel CMOS circuitry. Main features and tradeoffs are exploited. A 1.2V ASIC implementation on standard 0.35μm CMOS schematics is also presented. Post-layout simulations shows a total power consumption lower than 900nW including current source excitation inherent to the conductance measurement. Such low power consumption allows the measurement of several physical parameters on self-powered wireless networks.
- Business Intelligence in higher education: Enhancing the teaching-learning process with a SRM systemPublication . Piedade, Maria Beatriz; Santos, Maribel YasminaPromoting students success requires the implementation of processes and mechanisms that allows the closely monitoring of the students academic activities. Although essential, the activities involved in this complex process do not take place in many higher education institutions due to the lack of appropriate practices and an adequate technological support that sustain these practices. To overcome this complex problem, a conceptual and a technological infrastructure was proposed and integrated into a Student Relationship Management (SRM) system. The SRM system is associated with Business Intelligence concepts and technologies used to obtain knowledge about the students and to support the decision making process. To validate the SRM system relevance, a set of applications cases were carried out in real contexts and supported by the implemented prototype. This paper presents some of the results obtained through the prototype implementation and on the analysis of the several actions that were carried out under the principles of the SRM practice.
- Microgeneration model in energy hybrid system - cogeneration and PV panelsPublication . Galvão, J.; Leitão, S.; Malheiro, S.; Gaio, T.This document reports the development of a hybrid and autonomous energy model with solar PV panels and a small CHP (combined heating and power production) system whose primary energy source is the biomass. Also it will be presented several rules for to achieve new energy efficiency levels of a service building. This energy model is also a new sustainable paradigm on energy consumption (electrical and thermal demands) of a small hotel building and supported by the gasification cogeneration technology. The energy model has economic viability demonstrated by the several financial and economical parameters (payback period, net present value and internal rate of return). It is one environment friendly process aiming the reduction of energy demand, costs and emissions This system is one relevant contribute to certify the building agree to the new national legislation of building thermal behaviour.
- Student t-statistic distribution for non-Gaussian populationsPublication . Martins, João PauloThe exact distribution of t(n-1) = √n X n[-μ/Sn is easily derived when the parent population is Gau (μ, σ), since the sample mean Xn and sample standard deviationSn are independent. However this is an exceptional situation, since, the. independence of Xn and S2 n is a characterization of the Gaussian populations. When Y isn't Gaussian, the exact distribution of Tn-1 = √n Y n-μ/Sn is difficult to compute, due to the dependence structure, tying the. sample, mean and variance. Our aim has been to investigate, for general parent Y with known skewness and kurtosis, whether there, exists one type in the Pearson system of distributions which better approximates Tn-1 = √n Y-μ/Sn in the specific sense, that it provides better approximations to the high quantiles of T n-1 than the corresponding quantiles of t(n-1). We show that the Tn-1 distribution for general parent can be approximated by a Pearson's type IV distribution, an unexpected result since. Student's t distributions is not, of Pearson's type IV. We also show that this new approximation is better because, skewness is taken into account. In fact, the covariance between Xn and S2n suggests a strong relation between the population skewness and the. attraction or repulsion behaviour between Xn and S2n. To support this statement some, simulation work is done.
- Family disruption in the case-law of the European Court of Human RightsPublication . Almeida, Susana; Gil, Ana RitaThis workshop aims to analyse the principles drawn out by the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights in regard to family disruption matters, such as custody and access, children taken into public care and the right to respect for family life of prisoners and immigrants. The right to respect for family life, within the meaning of Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights, requires a positive obligation of Member States to act in a manner calculated to allow family ties to develop normally. Furthermore, as the Strasbourg Court often stresses, the mutual enjoyment by parents and children of each other’s company constitutes a fundamental element of family life and thus one of the objectives pursued by Article 8. Therefore, the restriction or non-enforcement of custody and visiting rights, as well as the compulsory taking of children into public care and the implementation of care measures, or the limitation or prohibition of visits from family members to prisoners, or even the refusal of family reunification of immigrants, represent an interference with the right to respect for family life under Article 8. In this workshop, we intend to study under which grounds, according to this Court, Member States may legitimately interfere with the enjoyment of this right. This case-law analysis will allow us to conclude, e.g.¸ that, although a wide margin of appreciation may be granted to Member States in this field, the respect for family life will not be considered to be violated if parents’ procedural rights are safeguarded, if good faith efforts to enforce access arrangements are made, if measures of public care are taken with a view to the reunification of the family and if a fair balance between the conflicting interests is made.