Browsing by Author "Esteves, Jessica Yara Vieira"
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- Unravelling the Life of Lysmata debelius (Bruce, 1983): Insights into the Life Cycle, Cultivation Strategies and Feeding DynamicsPublication . Esteves, Jessica Yara Vieira; Marques, Sónia Cristina Ferreira Cotrim; Leandro, Sérgio Miguel Franco MartinsCurrently, complete morphological descriptions of the larval stages of the genus Lysmata are known for only 3 of the 59 recorded species. Therefore, in order to fill this knowledge gap, the aim of this study was to describe the larval development of Lysmata debelius Bruce, 1983, one of the most sought-after species for the ornamental aquaculture industry, commonly known as fire shrimp and originating from the Indo-Pacific region. In addition, aspects related to the feeding diet during the larval phase of L. debelius were also evaluated. For this purpose, breeding wild-caught adults were obtained from a national retailer (TMC Portugal) and maintained in captivity, ensuring larval development until the juvenile phase. The breeding adults were fed daily with a diversified diet based on different types of frozen seafood and alternatively with Hikary Crab Cuisine pellets, and the larvae obtained from successive spawns were fed with newly hatched Artemia sp. nauplii. The breeding adults, juveniles and larvae were kept in life support systems with similar salinity conditions (34 ± 1 ppt) and a temperature of 26.5 ± 1 ºC. The larval development of L. debelius was shown to have a total of ten zoea stages plus one decapodite. The first zoeal stage is illustrated and described; it presents sessile eyes, a carapace with a pterigostomial spine and anterior-ventral marginal denticles, a long, slender, and pointed rostrum, an antennal exopod terminally articled, a pleon with five somites, the fifth one bearing 3 pairs of dorsal spines on the posterior margin, and a triangular shaped telson with 7+7 posterior processes. The decapodite resembles a smaller adult. The morphological features of L. debelius are compared with those currently available for the larval stage of the genus Lysmata. The ingestion experiment was based on ten food densities (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 12 and 16 Artemia nauplii/ml) offered to L. debelius larvae - ZI to ZIII. It was observed that the mean ingestion values varied between 7 and 116 nauplii/ml, being lower than the maximum ingestion rates (varying between 230 to 576 nauplii/ml). This indicates that nauplii density is a limiting factor for ingestion. When the nauplii concentration is lower than the optimal value, the larvae consume less Artemia than necessary.