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Evaluation of the impact of abiotic factors on the production of phycobiliproteins and exopolysaccharides in a microalga from the phylum Rhodophyta
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Abstract(s)
Numa era em que a sustentabilidade e a inovação biotecnológica têm grande importância, as microalgas emergem como um ponto central de investigação e desenvolvimento. Estes organismos microscópicos oferecem uma riqueza de promessas em diversos setores, incluindo na alimentação humana e rações, cosmética, farmacêutica e outras aplicações biotecnológicas, devido à sua capacidade de produzir metabólitos de elevado valor.
Para atender à procura global por compostos metabolizados por microalgas e garantir a sua produção sustentável, é necessário alcançar uma produção competitiva em termos de preço/qualidade dos produtos obtidos.
Neste estágio de mestrado, a atenção centrou-se numa Rhodophyta, designada RHM, amplamente conhecida pelo seu potencial comercial e biotecnológico. Através de diversas experiências em escala laboratorial, procurou-se não apenas maximizar a produção de biomassa, mas também compreender melhor os mecanismos regulatórios que governam a síntese de ficobiliproteínas e polissacarídeos extracelulares.
Os resultados para as condições ideais para o cultivo de Rhodophyta envolveram uma irradiância de 320 μmol fotões/m²/s, temperaturas de primavera (12.1–20.2°C) de Olhão, pH 8 e uma relação N:P de 20, alinhando-se com as preferências da espécie. Medidas de proteção são essenciais contra a irradiância excessiva, visto que as baixas temperaturas e os baixos níveis de pH surgem como limitações severas ao crescimento, indicadas por valores baixos de FV/FM associados ao stress nas culturas.
Precisamente as condições que levaram a valores baixos de FV/FM mostraram-se benéficas para a produção de polissacarídeos extracelulares.
Quanto à produção de ficobiliproteínas, verificou-se que temperaturas mais elevadas aumentam o rendimento, conforme demonstrado nas condições de verão do experimento de temperatura e de irradiação. Para otimizar a extração e quantificação de ficobiliproteínas em diversas condições, um período de congelamento de 24 horas em conjunto com água destilada como solvente mostrou a maior eficiência de extração.
In an era where sustainability and biotechnological innovation are of great importance, microalgae emerged as a focal point of research and development. These microscopic organisms offer a wealth of promise across diverse sectors, including food and feed, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and other biotechnological applications, due to their ability to produce high value metabolites. To meet the global search for these microalgal-metabolized compounds and ensure their sustainable production, it is necessary to achieve competitive production in terms of price/quality of the products obtained. During this master's internship, the focus was on a specific microalga from the phylum Rhodophyta, labeled as RHM, widely recognized for its commercial and biotechnological potential. This research ventured into the optimization in the biomass growth productivity through diverse trials testing different conditions of abiotic factors, including nutrient availability, light intensity, temperature, pH levels, and the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio (N/P) and subsequently, analyze their effects on regulatory mechanisms governing the synthesis of phycobiliproteins and extracellular polysaccharides. The results for optimal conditions for Rhodophyta cultivation involved an irradiance of 320 μmol photons/m²/s, spring temperatures (12.1–20.2°C) in Olhão, pH 8, and an N:P ratio of 20, aligning with the species' preferences. Protective measures are essential against excessive irradiation, as cold temperatures and low pH levels emerge as severe growth limitations, as indicated by low FV/FM values associated with stress in the cultures. Precisely those conditions leading to low FV/FM values proved to be beneficial for EPS production. As for phycobiliprotein production, higher temperatures were found to enhance their yield, demonstrated in the summer conditions of the temperature experiment and irradiation experiment. To optimize the extraction and quantification of phycobiliproteins across diverse conditions, a 24-hour freezing period coupled with distilled water as a solvent exhibited the highest extraction efficiency.
In an era where sustainability and biotechnological innovation are of great importance, microalgae emerged as a focal point of research and development. These microscopic organisms offer a wealth of promise across diverse sectors, including food and feed, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and other biotechnological applications, due to their ability to produce high value metabolites. To meet the global search for these microalgal-metabolized compounds and ensure their sustainable production, it is necessary to achieve competitive production in terms of price/quality of the products obtained. During this master's internship, the focus was on a specific microalga from the phylum Rhodophyta, labeled as RHM, widely recognized for its commercial and biotechnological potential. This research ventured into the optimization in the biomass growth productivity through diverse trials testing different conditions of abiotic factors, including nutrient availability, light intensity, temperature, pH levels, and the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio (N/P) and subsequently, analyze their effects on regulatory mechanisms governing the synthesis of phycobiliproteins and extracellular polysaccharides. The results for optimal conditions for Rhodophyta cultivation involved an irradiance of 320 μmol photons/m²/s, spring temperatures (12.1–20.2°C) in Olhão, pH 8, and an N:P ratio of 20, aligning with the species' preferences. Protective measures are essential against excessive irradiation, as cold temperatures and low pH levels emerge as severe growth limitations, as indicated by low FV/FM values associated with stress in the cultures. Precisely those conditions leading to low FV/FM values proved to be beneficial for EPS production. As for phycobiliprotein production, higher temperatures were found to enhance their yield, demonstrated in the summer conditions of the temperature experiment and irradiation experiment. To optimize the extraction and quantification of phycobiliproteins across diverse conditions, a 24-hour freezing period coupled with distilled water as a solvent exhibited the highest extraction efficiency.
Description
Keywords
Microalgas Metabólitos secundários Fatores abióticos Biomassa Microalgae Secondary metabolites Abiotic factors Biomass